The correct answer is: a) Increase the risk of landslides.
The construction of roads and infrastructure in Meghalaya can sometimes increase the risk of landslides. This is because the construction process can destabilize the slopes, making them more likely to slide. Additionally, the roads and infrastructure can themselves become obstacles that block the flow of water, which can lead to flooding and further destabilize the slopes.
Option b) is incorrect because the construction of roads and infrastructure can actually increase the risk of flooding. This is because the roads and infrastructure can themselves become obstacles that block the flow of water, which can lead to flooding. Additionally, the construction process can destabilize the slopes, making them more likely to slide, which can also lead to flooding.
Option c) is incorrect because the construction of roads and infrastructure does not mitigate earthquake damage. Earthquake damage is caused by the shaking of the ground, and the construction of roads and infrastructure does not affect the ground shaking.
Option d) is correct because the construction of roads and infrastructure can improve access for relief operations. This is because the roads and infrastructure can provide a way for relief workers to reach people who are affected by disasters.