The correct answer is: B) 73rd Amendment.
The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India, enacted in 1992, provides for the establishment of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) at the village, intermediate and district levels. The amendment also provides for the devolution of powers and responsibilities to these institutions.
The 73rd Amendment is a landmark amendment that has had a significant impact on the decentralization of power in India. The amendment has led to the establishment of PRIs in all states and union territories, and has also led to the devolution of powers and responsibilities to these institutions. This has resulted in a significant increase in the participation of people in local governance, and has also led to an improvement in the delivery of services at the local level.
The 73rd Amendment is one of the most important amendments to the Constitution of India, and has had a profound impact on the lives of millions of people.
The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:
- Article 40 of the Constitution of India provides for the organization of village panchayats and enjoins upon the State to take steps to promote the welfare of the people in rural areas. However, it does not provide for the establishment of PRIs or the devolution of powers to them.
- The 74th Amendment to the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of municipalities at the intermediate and district levels. However, it does not provide for the devolution of powers to these institutions.
- The Directive Principles of State Policy are not enforceable in a court of law. They are guidelines for the State to follow in making laws and policies.