The Constitution of India guarantees freedom of speech and expression.

The Constitution of India guarantees freedom of speech and expression. But the freedom is subject to certain reasonable restrictions imposed by the State. These restrictions may relate to which of the following?
1 Defamation
2. Decency or morality
3. Incitement to an offence
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2021
Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression. However, this freedom is not absolute and is subject to reasonable restrictions that can be imposed by the State under Article 19(2). The grounds for these restrictions explicitly listed in Article 19(2) are: sovereignty and integrity of India, security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, contempt of court, defamation, and incitement to an offence.
– The question lists three potential restrictions: Defamation, Decency or morality, and Incitement to an offence.
– All three of these grounds are expressly mentioned in Article 19(2) as valid reasons for the state to impose reasonable restrictions on the freedom of speech and expression.
– The concept of ‘reasonable restrictions’ allows the state to balance the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression with other public interests and concerns.
– The reasonableness of the restrictions is subject to judicial review.
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