The correct answer is B. 1848.
The Communist Manifesto is a pamphlet written by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It was first published in London on February 21, 1848, just as the revolutions of 1848 were breaking out in Europe. The Manifesto was a call to action for the working class of the world to unite and overthrow the capitalist system.
The Manifesto begins with the famous line, “A spectre is haunting Europe â the spectre of communism.” Marx and Engels argue that the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. They identify two main classes in society: the bourgeoisie, or the owners of the means of production, and the proletariat, or the workers who sell their labor to the bourgeoisie.
Marx and Engels argue that the bourgeoisie and the proletariat are in a constant state of conflict. The bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat by paying them less than the value of their labor. This exploitation leads to the impoverishment of the proletariat and the enrichment of the bourgeoisie.
Marx and Engels predict that the conflict between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat will eventually lead to a proletarian revolution. In this revolution, the proletariat will overthrow the bourgeoisie and establish a communist society. In a communist society, there will be no private property and no classes. The means of production will be owned by the community as a whole, and everyone will work according to their ability and receive according to their needs.
The Communist Manifesto has been highly influential in the history of socialism and communism. It has been translated into over 120 languages and is one of the most widely read political pamphlets ever written.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the year in which The Communist Manifesto was published.