The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Brahmaputra floods are a recurring natural disaster that impacts Assam, requiring disaster preparedness, relief and rehabilitation efforts, and long-term mitigation measures.
Disaster preparedness is the process of identifying, assessing, and reducing risks to people and property from natural hazards. It includes measures such as early warning systems, evacuation plans, and disaster shelters.
Relief and rehabilitation efforts are the activities that are carried out after a disaster to help people recover from the damage and loss. They include providing food, water, shelter, and medical care to those who have been affected.
Long-term mitigation measures are the actions that are taken to reduce the risk of future disasters. They include measures such as building flood-resistant infrastructure, improving drainage systems, and planting trees to protect against landslides.
All of these measures are essential to reducing the impact of the Brahmaputra floods on Assam.