The correct answer is C. Welfare Economics.
Welfare economics is a branch of economics that studies the efficiency and equity of economic outcomes. It is concerned with the optimal allocation of resources and the distribution of income. The Bergson criteria are a set of conditions that must be satisfied for an economic outcome to be considered efficient.
The first Bergson criterion states that an economic outcome is efficient if it is impossible to make any one person better off without making someone else worse off. This is known as the Pareto principle.
The second Bergson criterion states that an economic outcome is efficient if it is impossible to make everyone better off without making someone else worse off. This is known as the Kaldor-Hicks principle.
The third Bergson criterion states that an economic outcome is efficient if it is impossible to make everyone better off without making someone else worse off, and if the distribution of income is fair. This is known as the Rawlsian principle.
Labour economics is the study of the supply and demand for labour and the determination of wages. Industrial economics is the study of the structure, conduct, and performance of industries. Agricultural economics is the study of the production, processing, and marketing of agricultural products.
The Bergson criteria are not related to labour economics, industrial economics, or agricultural economics. They are related to welfare economics, which is a branch of economics that studies the efficiency and equity of economic outcomes.