The correct answer is: C) Vijayanagara Empire.
The Battle of Talikota was fought on January 1565 between the Vijayanagara Empire and a coalition of the Deccan sultanates of Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar, and Berar. The battle was a decisive victory for the sultanates, and it marked the beginning of the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire.
The Vijayanagara Empire was a Hindu empire that ruled over much of southern India from the 14th to the 16th centuries. The empire was founded by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I, two brothers who were generals in the Hoysala army. The Vijayanagara Empire reached its peak under the rule of Krishnadeva Raya (1509-1529), who is considered to be one of the greatest rulers in Indian history.
The Deccan sultanates were Muslim kingdoms that ruled over the Deccan Plateau in southern India from the 14th to the 17th centuries. The sultanates were founded by Turkic and Afghan invaders, and they were often at war with each other. The Deccan sultanates were a major threat to the Vijayanagara Empire, and they eventually succeeded in defeating the empire in the Battle of Talikota.
The Battle of Talikota was a major turning point in South Indian history. The defeat of the Vijayanagara Empire led to the decline of Hindu power in southern India, and it also paved the way for the Mughal conquest of the Deccan Plateau in the 17th century.
The other options are incorrect because they do not represent the empire that was most affected by the Battle of Talikota. The Kakatiya dynasty was a Hindu dynasty that ruled over the Deccan Plateau from the 11th to the 14th centuries. The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim sultanate that ruled over northern India from the 13th to the 16th centuries. The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim sultanate that ruled over the Deccan Plateau from the 14th to the 16th centuries.