The correct answer is: B. Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT)
The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) is an international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology. It was opened for signature in 1968 and entered into force in 1970. The NPT has three main pillars: non-proliferation, disarmament, and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
The NPT prohibits the transfer of nuclear weapons or nuclear weapons technology to non-nuclear-weapon states. It also prohibits non-nuclear-weapon states from acquiring nuclear weapons or nuclear weapons technology. The NPT does allow non-nuclear-weapon states to develop nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, but only under strict safeguards to ensure that the nuclear material is not used for weapons purposes.
The NPT has been ratified by 191 countries, including the five nuclear-weapon states: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The NPT is considered to be one of the most important international treaties in existence. It has played a key role in preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and in promoting nuclear disarmament.
The Izmir Treaty is a treaty between Greece and Turkey that was signed in 1930. The treaty established the border between the two countries and resolved a number of other disputes between them. The Izmir Treaty is not related to the spread of nuclear weapons.
Therefore, the correct answer is: B. Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT)