[amp_mcq option1=”Detergents are soluble in water” option2=”Detergents could not give much lather” option3=”Detergents give lather even with hard water” option4=”Soaps give lather with only soft water” correct=”option3″]
The correct answer is C. Detergents give lather even with hard water.
Soaps are made from animal or vegetable fats and oils that have been combined with an alkali, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. This process, called saponification, produces a molecule with a long hydrocarbon chain on one end and a charged group on the other. The charged group is what allows soap to bind to dirt and oil, and the hydrocarbon chain is what allows it to dissolve in water.
Detergents, on the other hand, are made from synthetic chemicals that are designed to have similar properties to soap. Detergents also have a long hydrocarbon chain on one end and a charged group on the other. However, the charged group on a detergent is usually different from the charged group on a soap. This difference allows detergents to be more effective at removing dirt and oil, even in hard water.
Hard water is water that contains minerals, such as calcium and magnesium. These minerals can interfere with the ability of soap to lather. Detergents, on the other hand, are not affected by hard water. This is because the charged groups on detergents are not attracted to the minerals in hard water.
As a result, detergents are more effective at cleaning clothes and other surfaces in hard water than soaps are.