The correct answer is: Strengthening of Panchayati Raj Institutions.
The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, also known as the Panchayati Raj Act, is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to amend the Constitution of India to provide for the establishment of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) as institutions of self-government at the village, intermediate and district levels. The Act was passed on 24 April 1992 and came into force on 24 December 1992.
The Act provides for the establishment of PRIs at the village, intermediate and district levels. The PRIs at the village level are called Gram Panchayats, the PRIs at the intermediate level are called Panchayat Samitis and the PRIs at the district level are called Zila Parishads.
The Act also provides for the devolution of powers and responsibilities to the PRIs. The powers and responsibilities that are to be devolved to the PRIs are specified in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution.
The Act also provides for the reservation of seats for women and for other backward classes in the PRIs. The reservation of seats for women is in the ratio of one-third of the total number of seats in each PRI. The reservation of seats for other backward classes is in the ratio of not less than one-fourth of the total number of seats in each PRI.
The Act also provides for the establishment of State Election Commissions to conduct elections to the PRIs. The State Election Commissions are independent bodies that are responsible for conducting free and fair elections to the PRIs.
The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act is a landmark legislation that has ushered in a new era of local self-government in India. The Act has empowered the PRIs and has made them institutions of self-government. The Act has also helped to improve the lives of the people at the grassroots level.
The other options are incorrect because:
- The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act did not provide for reservation for women in Parliament.
- The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act did not provide for the establishment of State Election Commissions.
- The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act did not provide for the Right to Information.