The 19th Century Faraizi Movement in eastern Bengal developed under th

The 19th Century Faraizi Movement in eastern Bengal developed under the leadership of:

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Titu Rai

Haji Shariatullah

Shah Sayyid Ahmad

Dudu Miyan

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC NDA-2 – 2015

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The Faraizi Movement was a prominent Islamic reform movement that originated in eastern Bengal in the early 19th century. It was founded by Haji Shariatullah (1781-1840) with the aim of bringing Muslims back to the obligatory duties (faraiz) of Islam and protesting against un-Islamic practices and the oppressive policies of landlords and the British. After his death, the movement was led by his son, Dudu Miyan (1819-1862), who gave it a more militant and socio-economic character, focusing on the grievances of the peasantry. While Dudu Miyan was a crucial leader in its later, more active phase, Haji Shariatullah is recognized as the founder and initial leader under whom the movement ‘developed’.

Haji Shariatullah was the founder of the Faraizi Movement in Eastern Bengal, initiating its development as a religious and social reform movement.

The Faraizi movement aimed to purify Islamic practices among the Muslims of Bengal, who they felt had deviated from the true path. They also challenged the illegal taxes imposed by landlords (often Hindu) on Muslim peasants and organized collective resistance. Other leaders mentioned: Titu Rai led the Barasat uprising, a different movement in Bengal. Shah Sayyid Ahmad led the Tariqa-i-Muhammadiya, centered more in North India and the Frontier region, advocating for Islamic reform and jihad against the Sikhs.

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