Social Religious Movement

The Self-Respect Movement was initiated by

[amp_mcq option1=”B.R. Ambedkar” option2=”Jyotiba Phule” option3=”E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker” option4=”Jawaharlal Nehru” correct=”option3″]

The correct answer is E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker.

The Self-Respect Movement was a socio-political movement started in South India (primarily Tamil Nadu) in 1925 by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar. The movement aimed at achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights and encourages them to seek self-respect. It was a significant force against Brahminical dominance, caste hierarchy, and religious superstitions.

While B.R. Ambedkar and Jyotiba Phule were crucial figures in fighting against caste discrimination and working for the upliftment of depressed classes, the Self-Respect Movement is specifically associated with Periyar in South India. Jawaharlal Nehru was primarily a political leader in the nationalist movement.

In which one of the following places was the Ahmadiyya Movement started by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad?

[amp_mcq option1=”Patna” option2=”Aligarh” option3=”Bhopal” option4=”Gurdaspur” correct=”option4″]

The Ahmadiyya Movement was started by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad in Qadian, located in the Gurdaspur district of Punjab.

Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835-1908) founded the Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam in 1889 in Qadian, a village that later grew into a town. He claimed to be the promised Messiah and Mahdi.

Qadian remains the international headquarters of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community (though one faction, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Peace Movement, has its headquarters elsewhere). The movement originated in undivided Punjab.

Which organization was started at the Haridwar Kumbh Mela in 1915?

[amp_mcq option1=”Sanatan Dharma Sabha” option2=”Dev Samaj” option3=”Brahmin Sabha” option4=”Hindu Mahasabha” correct=”option4″]

The Hindu Mahasabha organization was started at the Haridwar Kumbh Mela in 1915.

The Hindu Mahasabha, also known as the Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha, was formally established at the Haridwar Kumbh Mela in 1915. Prominent figures involved in its formation included Madan Mohan Malaviya.

The organization emerged from earlier movements aimed at Hindu consolidation and protection. It became a significant political and social force promoting Hindu identity and interests.

Which of the following was/were founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy?

• 1. Atmiya Sabha
• 2. Brahmo Samaj
• 3. Prarthana Samaj
• 4. Arya Samaj

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 3″ option2=”2 only” option3=”1 and 2 only” option4=”1, 3 and 4″ correct=”option3″]

The correct answer is C) 1 and 2 only.

– Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Atmiya Sabha in 1815 in Calcutta (now Kolkata). This was an association of friends who discussed religious and social topics.
– He later founded the Brahmo Sabha in 1828, which was subsequently renamed Brahmo Samaj. This was a significant socio-religious reform movement that advocated for monotheism and opposed idolatry, caste system, Sati, etc.
– Prarthana Samaj was founded in 1867 in Bombay by Atmaram Pandurang, Mahadev Govind Ranade, R.G. Bhandarkar, and others, inspired by the Brahmo Samaj. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was not its founder.
– Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in 1875 in Bombay. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was not associated with its founding.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy is considered one of the pioneers of the Indian Renaissance and is known as the “Father of Modern India”. He was a multifaceted personality who worked for social reforms, religious reforms, and modern education. The Brahmo Samaj was a key vehicle for his reformist ideas.

Who among the following founded the Hindu Dharma Sabha in the 19th century?

[amp_mcq option1=”Radhakanta Deb” option2=”Ram Mohan Roy” option3=”Dwarkanath Tagore” option4=”Keshab Chandra Sen” correct=”option1″]

Radhakanta Deb founded the Hindu Dharma Sabha in 1830. This organization was established in Calcutta to oppose the reformist movements led by figures like Ram Mohan Roy, particularly regarding the abolition of Sati.

The Hindu Dharma Sabha advocated for the preservation of orthodox Hindu traditions and practices in response to the social and religious reforms being introduced in the 19th century.

Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Sabha (later Brahmo Samaj) which actively campaigned against practices like Sati and advocated for social and religious reforms. Dwarkanath Tagore was associated with the Brahmo Samaj. Keshab Chandra Sen was a prominent leader of the Brahmo Samaj later in the century.

Which member of the Servants of India Society founded the Seva Samiti at Allahabad in 1914?

[amp_mcq option1=”Shri Ram Bajpai” option2=”Hriday Nath Kunzru” option3=”S. G. Vaze” option4=”Srinivas Shastri” correct=”option2″]

The correct answer is B, Hriday Nath Kunzru.

Pandit Hriday Nath Kunzru, a prominent member of the Servants of India Society founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, established the Seva Samiti in Allahabad (now Prayagraj) in 1914. The Samiti aimed to organize social service activities, particularly providing assistance to pilgrims during religious festivals like the Kumbh Mela, and later expanded into areas like education and healthcare.

Other notable members of the Servants of India Society included V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, N. M. Joshi, and G. K. Devadhar. The Society was dedicated to training men to devote their lives to the service of the country in a religious spirit.

Who among the following belonged to Serampore Mission ?
1. William Carey
2. Joshua Marshman
3. William Ward
4. David Hare
Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”1 and 3 only” option3=”1, 2 and 3 only” option4=”2, 3 and 4 only” correct=”option3″]

William Carey, Joshua Marshman, and William Ward were prominent English Baptist missionaries who established the Serampore Mission in Bengal in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. They were known as the “Serampore Trio” and were pioneers in printing and translation of the Bible into various Indian languages, as well as education. David Hare was a Scottish philanthropist and watchmaker who settled in Calcutta and played a significant role in establishing educational institutions like the Hindu College and Hare School, but he was not part of the Serampore Missionaries.

The Serampore Missionaries were William Carey, Joshua Marshman, and William Ward.

William Carey is often called the “father of modern missions”. The Serampore Mission was crucial in the early efforts of Christian missionary work in India and contributed significantly to Bengali literature and education through printing and educational institutions. David Hare was a key figure in the Bengal Renaissance through his contributions to secular education.

Who among the following was popularly known as ‘Lokahitwadi’ ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Gopal Hari Deshmukh” option2=”Mahadev Govind Ranade” option3=”Gopal Krishna Gokhale” option4=”Jyotiba Phule” correct=”option1″]

Gopal Hari Deshmukh (1823–1892) was a social reformer, journalist, and judge from Maharashtra. He was popularly known by the pseudonym ‘Lokahitwadi’ because he wrote articles on social reforms in the weekly newspaper ‘Prabhakar’ under this pen name, advocating for social justice and reform.

– ‘Lokahitwadi’ translates to ‘well-wisher of the people’.
– He was a prominent figure in the 19th-century social reform movement in India.

Mahadev Govind Ranade was a social reformer and one of the founding members of the Indian National Congress. Gopal Krishna Gokhale was a key leader in the Indian independence movement. Jyotiba Phule was a pioneering social reformer and anti-caste activist in Maharashtra.

Which one of the following statements about the Act V of 1843 relating to Slavery in India is correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”It gave the masters the right to wilfully keep their slaves tied to their estates.” option2=”It denied the masters the use of Courts to assert their claims on slaves.” option3=”The Law Courts and masters worked jointly in resolving the cases of desertion.” option4=”The slaves became the owners of the land.” correct=”option2″]

Act V of 1843 effectively abolished slavery in British India by declaring that the status of slavery would not be recognized in any court of law. This meant that masters could not use the legal system (Courts) to assert their claims over individuals held as slaves, for instance, to compel them to return if they ran away.

– The Act did not make holding slaves a criminal offense immediately, but it stripped masters of their legal rights over slaves.
– It also stated that injuries inflicted on slaves would be dealt with under the Penal Code, just like those inflicted on free persons.

Option A is incorrect as the Act denied masters legal power over slaves. Option C is incorrect as courts would not recognize claims based on slavery. Option D is incorrect; the Act addressed the legal status of slaves, not their ownership of land.

Who among the following founded the Bhil Seva Mandal in 1922 ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Dayaram Gidumal” option2=”Gurusaday Dutt” option3=”Dhondo Keshav Karve” option4=”Amritlal Vithaldas Thakkar” correct=”option4″]

Amritlal Vithaldas Thakkar, popularly known as Thakkar Bappa, was a social worker who dedicated his life to the service of tribal communities in India. He founded the Bhil Seva Mandal in 1922 in Gujarat to work for the welfare of the Bhil tribal people.

– Thakkar Bappa was a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi and was involved in various social service activities.
– He was also the General Secretary of the Harijan Sevak Sangh.

Dayaram Gidumal was a social reformer and educationist from Sindh. Gurusaday Dutt was an Indian civil servant and a pioneer in the Folk Dance movement. Dhondo Keshav Karve was a prominent social reformer who championed women’s education and widow remarriage.