Revolutionary Movement in India

11. Who among the following revolutionaries founded the Hindustan Socialis

Who among the following revolutionaries founded the Hindustan Socialist Republican Army?

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Ashfaqullah
Batukeshwar Dutta
Ram Prasad Bismil
Chandra Shekhar Azad
This question was previously asked in
UPSC Geoscientist – 2023
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The correct answer is (D) Chandra Shekhar Azad.
The Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla in Delhi. It was a transformation of the earlier Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). Chandra Shekhar Azad was a prominent leader and organizer of the HSRA, along with Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru.
Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan were key founders of the original Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) in 1924, but they were executed in 1927 before the formation of the HSRA. Batukeshwar Dutta was a revolutionary associated with Bhagat Singh and the HSRA but was not a founder. Chandra Shekhar Azad remained active until his death in an encounter in 1931.

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12. Who among the following wrote The Philosophy of the Bomb?

Who among the following wrote The Philosophy of the Bomb?

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Sukhdev
Chandrashekhar Azad
Bhagwati Charan Vohra
Bhagat Singh
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2020
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Bhagwati Charan Vohra wrote “The Philosophy of the Bomb”.
“The Philosophy of the Bomb” was a significant manifesto of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA). It was written by Bhagwati Charan Vohra in consultation with Bhagat Singh and others, and it was published in 1929 as a response to Mahatma Gandhi’s article “The Cult of the Bomb”.
The manifesto articulated the revolutionary perspective on violence as a necessary tool for achieving independence and social revolution, contrasting it with Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence. Bhagwati Charan Vohra was a prominent revolutionary and theorist within the HSRA.

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13. Which of the following was/were the founder member(s) of Hindustan Soc

Which of the following was/were the founder member(s) of Hindustan Socialist Republican Army established in September, 1928?
1. Bhagat Singh
2. Jatindranath
3. Ajoy Ghosh
4. Phanindranath Ghosh
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1 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2022
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Bhagat Singh, Jatindranath Das, and Ajoy Ghosh were among the key figures involved in the formation of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in September 1928.
– The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) was reorganized and renamed as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in September 1928 at a meeting in Feroz Shah Kotla ground in Delhi.
– Key revolutionaries present at this meeting and considered founder members included Chandrasekhar Azad (who became the leader), Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Rajguru, Shiv Verma, Bijoy Kumar Sinha, Jaidev Kapoor, Ajoy Ghosh, and potentially others like Jatindra Nath Das, who was closely associated and involved in early activities.
– Phanindranath Ghosh was a member of the HSRA but later turned approver in the Lahore Conspiracy Case, which led to the conviction and execution of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru. While he was a member, his status as a ‘founder member’ is less certain or emphasized compared to figures like Bhagat Singh, Azad, or Ajoy Ghosh.
– Jatindra Nath Das became famous for his hunger strike in Lahore Jail demanding better conditions for political prisoners, leading to his death in September 1929. He was involved with the organization around the time of its formation.

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