Rainfall

1. Which one among the following stations receives maximum rainfall ?

Which one among the following stations receives maximum rainfall ?

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Hyderabad
Bengaluru
Delhi
Raipur
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2020
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The correct answer is (D) Raipur.
Comparing the typical average annual rainfall:
– Hyderabad (Telangana): Around 800-900 mm
– Bengaluru (Karnataka): Around 900-1000 mm
– Delhi (Delhi): Around 700-800 mm
– Raipur (Chhattisgarh): Around 1200-1300 mm
Raipur, located in the Chhattisgarh plains, receives significant rainfall primarily from the Bay of Bengal branch of the Southwest Monsoon, making its average rainfall considerably higher than Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Delhi, which receive less intense monsoon rainfall or are in rain shadow areas (like Bengaluru relative to the Western Ghats).
Rainfall patterns in India are heavily influenced by the Southwest Monsoon. Cities on the eastern side of the Deccan Plateau and in the central plains (like Raipur) often receive more rainfall than those further west or in the northern plains (like Delhi) or southern parts of the plateau (like Hyderabad and Bengaluru, which can be affected by the Western Ghats’ rain shadow effect).

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2. The irregularity in the amount of rainfall in different parts of north

The irregularity in the amount of rainfall in different parts of north Indian plains is mainly due to :

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irregular intensity of low pressure in the north-western parts of India.
variation in the location of the axis of low pressure trough.
difference in frequency of cyclones.
variation in the amount of moisture carried by winds every year.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
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During the Indian monsoon, rainfall over the North Indian plains is heavily influenced by the position of the monsoon trough, an elongated low-pressure area. The axis of this trough oscillates north and south. When the trough is located over the central plains, it brings widespread rain. When it shifts towards the foothills of the Himalayas (known as a “break” in the monsoon), rainfall decreases significantly over the plains and concentrates in the Himalayan region. Variations in the location and movement of this trough axis from year to year, and even within a season, are the primary reason for the irregularity in the amount and distribution of rainfall across different parts of the North Indian plains.
The shifting position of the monsoon trough axis is the main factor causing spatial variations in rainfall across the North Indian plains.
Other factors like the passage of monsoon depressions forming in the Bay of Bengal also contribute to rainfall, but the general pattern of distribution across the plains during the season is most strongly linked to the dynamic position of the monsoon trough.

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3. The following 6 (Six) items consist of two statements, Statement I and

The following 6 (Six) items consist of two statements, Statement I and Statement II. Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer using the code given below:
Code:

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  • (a) Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
  • (b) Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
  • (c) Statement I is true but Statement II is false
  • (d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true

51. Statement I : Variability of annual rain fall is very high in western part of Rajasthan.
Statement II : Average annual rainfall is extremely low in western Rajasthan.

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Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2016
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Statement I: Variability of annual rainfall is very high in western part of Rajasthan. (True)
Statement II: Average annual rainfall is extremely low in western Rajasthan. (True)
Both statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
– Western Rajasthan falls under the Thar Desert region, characterized by an arid to semi-arid climate.
– Rainfall in arid regions is typically low and highly erratic.
– Low average rainfall implies that even small deviations in precipitation from year to year result in a large percentage change, leading to high variability.
– Arid and semi-arid regions globally tend to exhibit high rainfall variability due to unstable weather patterns and dependence on infrequent, intense storm events.
– The low average rainfall is a primary reason for the high inter-annual variability; if the average is near zero, any positive rainfall amount represents infinite variability compared to the average, and small absolute changes are large relative changes.

4. Directions : The following five (5) items consist of two statements, S

Directions :
The following five (5) items consist of two statements, Statement I and Statement II. Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer using the code given below.

Statement I :
33. The interior part of Maharashtra does not receive adequate rain in the summer season.
Statement II :
The interior part of Maharashtra lies in the rain shadow of the Western Ghats.

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Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
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Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
– Statement I: The interior parts of Maharashtra (like the Deccan Plateau) receive significantly less rainfall during the South-West Monsoon season compared to the coastal Konkan region. This often leads to drought-prone conditions in the interior.
– Statement II: This phenomenon is caused by the rain shadow effect of the Western Ghats. The Western Ghats lie in the path of the moisture-laden South-West Monsoon winds. The windward side (western slopes and Konkan) receives heavy orographic rainfall. The air descends on the leeward side (eastern slopes and interior plateau), becomes drier, and results in scanty rainfall. The interior of Maharashtra lies on this leeward side.
The rain shadow effect is a well-established geographical phenomenon where a mountain range blocks rain from reaching the land on its leeward side. The Western Ghats are a classic example of mountains creating a rain shadow on the Deccan Plateau.

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5. Which one of the following Indian places receives minimum rainfall in

Which one of the following Indian places receives minimum rainfall in a year?

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Jodhpur
Leh
New Delhi
Bengaluru
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2020
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Leh receives the minimum rainfall in a year among the given options.
Leh is located in the Union Territory of Ladakh, which lies in the rain shadow area of the Himalayas. This geographical location prevents the monsoon winds from reaching the region, resulting in extremely low precipitation. It is often described as a cold desert.
Other regions in India known for low rainfall include the Thar Desert (parts of Rajasthan) and the Bikaner region, but among the options provided, Leh is significantly drier. Jodhpur is in Rajasthan, New Delhi is in the Northern Plains, and Bengaluru is in South India, all of which receive much more rainfall compared to Leh.

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6. Rains caused by thunderstorms during the hot weather season (mid-March

Rains caused by thunderstorms during the hot weather season (mid-March to mid-June) in Karnataka are called

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Kalbaisakhi
Mango showers
Loo
Cherry blossoms
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2019
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Rains caused by thunderstorms during the hot weather season in Karnataka are called Mango showers.
– Mango showers are pre-monsoon showers that occur in South India, particularly in Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa, during the hot weather season (April-May).
– These showers are important as they help in the ripening of mangoes and coffee blossoms in the region.
– They are caused by convective thunderstorms originating over peninsular India.
– Kalbaisakhi (also known as Nor’westers) are violent thunderstorms that occur over Assam, West Bengal, Odisha, and Bihar in the pre-monsoon season.
– Loo is a hot and dry wind that blows across the northern plains of India during the summer months (May-June).
– “Cherry blossoms” refer to the flowers of cherry trees, particularly associated with Japan, and not a type of rain in India. However, sometimes pre-monsoon showers in parts of Karnataka and Kerala are called ‘Cherry Blossom showers’ or ‘Coffee showers’ because they are beneficial for coffee plantations. Mango showers is a more common term for these pre-monsoon rains in the region, specifically referring to their benefit for mangoes.

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