Political Organisation Established before Congress

1. Who among the following was involved in the formation of the Bombay Pr

Who among the following was involved in the formation of the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885?

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Pherozeshah Mehta
Dadabhai Naoroji
Allan Octavian Hume
M. G. Ranade
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UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2024
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Pherozeshah Mehta was one of the prominent figures involved in the formation of the Bombay Presidency Association in 1885.
The Bombay Presidency Association was founded in 1885 by leading intellectuals of Bombay such as Pherozeshah Mehta, K. T. Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji. It aimed to represent the interests of the people of the Bombay Presidency and was a significant regional political organization before the Indian National Congress was founded later the same year.
Dadabhai Naoroji was a key figure in the Indian national movement but was more associated with organizations like the East India Association and later the Indian National Congress. Allan Octavian Hume was the founder of the Indian National Congress (INC). M. G. Ranade was a prominent leader from Pune, closely associated with the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha. While all these individuals were national leaders, Pherozeshah Mehta was a direct founder of the Bombay Presidency Association.

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2. Which one of the following statements about the Indian Association of

Which one of the following statements about the Indian Association of 1876 is not correct?

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It aimed at creating strong public opinion in the country on political questions and the unification of Indian people under a common political programme.
It did not charge any membership fee from the poorer people.
Branches were opened in the towns and villages of Bengal and in many towns outside Bengal.
It was led by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose.
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UPSC CBI DSP LDCE – 2023
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While the Indian Association aimed for broad membership, it did charge a nominal membership fee, particularly from ordinary members, even if it was low to accommodate poorer sections.
The Indian Association, founded by Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876, was a prominent pre-Congress nationalist organization. Statement A is correct; its objectives included mobilizing public opinion and promoting Indian unity. Statement D is correct regarding its leaders. Statement C is correct; it established branches widely to increase its reach. Statement B is incorrect in stating it charged *no* membership fee from the poorer people. While it aimed to be accessible and had a very low fee (e.g., 4 annas per year), it did have a fee structure. This nominal fee distinguished it from some earlier, more elite associations and helped broaden its base, but it didn’t literally charge *no* fee from all poor people.
The Indian Association played a significant role in various nationalist agitations, including the agitation against the reduction of the maximum age for appearing in the Indian Civil Service examination and the protest against the Vernacular Press Act. It was one of the predecessors of the Indian National Congress.

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3. Consider the following pairs : 1. Radhakanta Deb — First Preside

Consider the following pairs :

1. Radhakanta Deb—First President of the British Indian Association
2. Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty—Founder of the Madras Mahajana Sabha
3. Surendranath Banerjee—Founder of the Indian Association

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched ?

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1 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
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UPSC IAS – 2017
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Pairs 1 and 3 are correctly matched, while pair 2 is incorrectly matched.
– Pair 1: Radhakanta Deb was the first President of the British Indian Association, which was formed in 1851 by the merger of the Landholders’ Society and the British India Society. This is correctly matched.
– Pair 2: Gazulu Lakshminarasu Chetty founded the Madras Native Association in 1849. The Madras Mahajana Sabha was founded later in 1884 by M. Veeraraghavachariar, G. Subramania Iyer, and P. Anandacharlu. This is incorrectly matched.
– Pair 3: Surendranath Banerjee, along with Anand Mohan Bose, founded the Indian Association in 1876 in Calcutta. This is correctly matched.
These associations were important early political organizations that played a role in articulating Indian grievances and demands against British rule.

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4. Arrange the establishment of the following in a chronological order (s

Arrange the establishment of the following in a chronological order (starting with the earliest) :

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  • 1. The East India Association
  • 2. The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
  • 3. The Madras Mahajan Sabha
  • 4. The Bombay Presidency Association

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1, 2, 3, 4
1, 3, 2, 4
2, 3, 4, 1
3, 2, 1, 4
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UPSC CAPF – 2019
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The correct answer is A) 1, 2, 3, 4. The chronological order of the establishment of these organizations is: East India Association (1866), Poona Sarvajanik Sabha (1870), Madras Mahajan Sabha (1884), and Bombay Presidency Association (1885).
– The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji in London in 1866. Its objective was to discuss the Indian question and influence British public opinion.
– The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was founded in 1870 in Pune to represent the grievances of the people of the Deccan region to the government.
– The Madras Mahajan Sabha was founded in 1884 by M. Veeraraghavachariar, G. Subramania Iyer, and P. Anandacharlu in Madras.
– The Bombay Presidency Association was founded in 1885 by Badruddin Tyabji, Pherozeshah Mehta, and K.T. Telang in Bombay, shortly before the Indian National Congress.
These associations were important precursors to the Indian National Congress (founded in 1885) and played a crucial role in fostering political consciousness and organizing nationalist activities at the regional level before the emergence of a national body.

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5. Which one of the following associations was founded in London by Dadab

Which one of the following associations was founded in London by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 ?

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The Bengal British India Society
The East India Association
The British Indian Association
The Madras Native Association
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UPSC NDA-2 – 2017
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The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji along with some retired British officials and Indian residents in London in 1866. Its main objective was to discuss questions relating to India and to influence public opinion in England for the welfare of India. It was a prominent platform for Indian nationalist views in Britain.
The East India Association (1866, London) was a significant organization established by Dadabhai Naoroji to represent Indian interests in Britain.
The Bengal British India Society was founded in Calcutta in 1843. The British Indian Association was formed in Calcutta in 1851 by the merger of the Landholders’ Society and the Bengal British India Society. The Madras Native Association was founded in Madras in 1852. These were all important early political associations in India.

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6. Name the first major voluntary association representing primarily Indi

Name the first major voluntary association representing primarily Indian land-lord interests that was set up in Calcutta in 1851?

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British Indian Association
Landholder’s Society
Madras Native Association
Bombay Association
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UPSC NDA-1 – 2018
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The British Indian Association was the first major voluntary association representing primarily Indian land-lord interests that was set up in Calcutta in 1851.
The British Indian Association was founded on October 29, 1851, in Calcutta through the merger of the Landholders’ Society and the Bengal British India Society. While it aimed to represent a broader spectrum of Indian interests, its leadership and membership were dominated by the landed aristocracy and wealthy Bengali gentry, making landholder interests a primary focus.
The Landholder’s Society was indeed founded earlier, in 1838, and represented landlord interests, but the question asks for an association set up in 1851 which was also “major”. The British Indian Association, formed in 1851 by merging the Landholders’ Society, was a more significant and consolidated political body at that time. The Madras Native Association (1852) and the Bombay Association (1852) were important early political organizations but were located in Madras and Bombay, respectively, not Calcutta, and were founded in 1852, not 1851.

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7. In which one of the following years was the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha

In which one of the following years was the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha established?

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1884
1876
1869
1870
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UPSC CDS-2 – 2021
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The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was established on April 2, 1870, by Mahadev Govind Ranade, Ganesh Vasudeo Joshi (Sarvajanik Kaka), S. H. Chiplunkar, and others. It was an important socio-political organization in Maharashtra that played a significant role in representing the grievances of the people to the government.
The Sabha worked as a mediator between the government and the people, articulating the demands and aspirations of various sections of society, particularly the peasantry, through petitions, meetings, and publications.
The Poona Sarvajanik Sabha was a precursor to the Indian National Congress (INC) and many of its members played crucial roles in the early years of the INC. It helped in fostering political consciousness among the people and laying the groundwork for the nationalist movement in Western India.

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8. Who among the following founded the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Defence

Who among the following founded the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Defence Association (1893)?

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Auckland Colvin
Badruddin Tyabji
Theodore Beck
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
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UPSC CDS-2 – 2020
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Sir Syed Ahmad Khan founded the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Defence Association in 1893.
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan established this association with the objective of protecting the political rights of Muslims and consolidating Muslim opinion against joining the Indian National Congress. He believed that representative government based on elections would lead to Hindu majority dominance, which he perceived as detrimental to Muslim interests.
Auckland Colvin was a British official who supported Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. Badruddin Tyabji was one of the early presidents of the Indian National Congress and advocated for Hindu-Muslim unity within the Congress framework. Theodore Beck was the principal of Aligarh College and a close associate of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, also involved in his political activities.

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9. Consider the following statements about the early phase of the Nationa

Consider the following statements about the early phase of the National Movement in India :

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  • Ferozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji and others formed the Bombay Presidency Association.
  • Surendranath Banerjee and his group planned an Indian National Conference at Calcutta.
  • Allan Octavian Hume decided to create an all-India body as a rival to the above organisations to give vent to the grievances of the poor and marginalised Indians.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?

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1
2
All
None
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2024
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B
Statement 1 is correct. The Bombay Presidency Association was formed in 1885 by prominent leaders like Pherozeshah Mehta, K.T. Telang, and Badruddin Tyabji as a regional political organization preceding and later becoming associated with the Indian National Congress.
Statement 2 is correct. Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose founded the Indian National Association (which held the Indian National Conference) in 1876. They convened the Indian National Conference in Calcutta in 1883 and again in 1885, which ran parallel to the first session of the Indian National Congress in Bombay.
Statement 3 is incorrect. Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British ICS officer, played a key role in the formation of the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885. However, the INC was conceived as an all-India body to provide a platform for educated Indians and voice their concerns to the British government, potentially acting as a ‘safety valve’. It was not formed as a rival to existing organizations like the Bombay Presidency Association or the Indian National Conference; rather, it aimed to consolidate nationalist activities and ultimately absorbed many leaders from these regional bodies. The primary stated objective was not specifically to represent the grievances of the ‘poor and marginalised Indians’ in the early phase, but rather the educated middle class seeking constitutional reforms and greater representation.
The formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 marked a significant step towards a unified national movement, bringing together various regional political associations and leaders.

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