Industrial Sector

41. The Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme announced by the Government helps in :

The Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme announced by the Government helps in :

  • Enhancing India’s manufacturing capabilities and exports across the industries
  • Incentivizing foreign investments for domestic production

Select the answer using the code given below :

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2024
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The correct option is C. The question asks how the Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme announced by the Government helps.
The Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan (Self-Reliant India Mission) is a comprehensive economic package and strategy aimed at making India self-reliant. Key objectives and components of the scheme include:
1. **Enhancing India’s manufacturing capabilities and exports:** A central goal is to boost domestic production across various sectors, improve quality and efficiency, and make Indian industries competitive globally, thereby increasing exports. Initiatives like Production Linked Incentives (PLI) are designed for this.
2. **Incentivizing foreign investments for domestic production:** The scheme aims to attract foreign capital and technology to boost manufacturing and other sectors within India. The PLI schemes, for example, are open to both domestic and foreign companies establishing or expanding manufacturing base in India.
Both statements accurately reflect the aims of the Atmanirbhar Bharat scheme. It seeks to strengthen the domestic economy by improving manufacturing capabilities, reducing import dependence where feasible, and promoting exports, while also leveraging foreign investment and technology to achieve these goals. The emphasis is on becoming self-reliant, not self-contained, implying continued engagement with the global economy through trade and investment.

42. India has achieved the 10 percent Ethanol blending much ahead of the t

India has achieved the 10 percent Ethanol blending much ahead of the targeted date. Which one among the following greatly benefits from this ?

Cassava plantations
Maize farming
Sugar industry
Wine industry
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2022
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In India, ethanol for blending with petrol is primarily produced from sugarcane molasses, a byproduct of the sugar industry. Achieving the 10 percent ethanol blending target means a significant increase in demand for ethanol, directly benefiting sugar mills that produce ethanol and the farmers who grow sugarcane.
– The Ethanol Blended Petrol (EBP) Programme aims to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and provide a remunerative market for sugarcane farmers and the sugar industry.
– Sugarcane is the main source for ethanol production in India, although other sources like maize are also being explored.
Cassava and maize can also be used to produce ethanol, but in India’s current policy and production scenario, the sugar industry is the major beneficiary of increased ethanol demand for fuel blending. The wine industry is unrelated to fuel ethanol production.

43. The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) ha

The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has revised the base year index of Eight Core Industries having a combined weight of about 40.27 percent in the Index of Industrial Production. Which one of the following is not one of the Eight Core Industries ?

Coal
Refinery products
Rubber products
Cement
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2022
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The Index of Eight Core Industries measures the collective and individual production performance of eight major sectors considered to be the backbone of the Indian economy. These eight industries are Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement, and Electricity. These sectors have a significant weight (about 40.27%) in the overall Index of Industrial Production (IIP). Among the given options, Coal, Refinery products, and Cement are part of the Eight Core Industries. Rubber products are not included in this list.
The Eight Core Industries are Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement, and Electricity.
The Eight Core Industries index is compiled and released by the Office of the Economic Adviser (OEA), Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry. The base year for the index was revised from 2004-05 to 2011-12.

44. Which one of the following is the first and the oldest Government-owne

Which one of the following is the first and the oldest Government-owned coal mining company in India ?

Neyveli Lignite Corporation
Singareni Collieries Company Limited
Coal India Limited
Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2022
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Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) is the oldest government-owned coal mining company in India. It was incorporated in 1889 (originally as Hyderabad (Deccan) Company Limited) and nationalized in stages.
SCCL operates coal mines in Telangana and has a long history of coal production.
Coal India Limited (CIL) is the largest coal producing company in the world but was formed much later in 1975 after the nationalization of coal mines. Neyveli Lignite Corporation (now NLC India Limited) mines lignite. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited (MCL) is a subsidiary of CIL.

45. Which one of the following is a typical example of monopolistic compet

Which one of the following is a typical example of monopolistic competition ?

Retail vegetable markets
Market for soaps
Indian Railways
Labour market for software engineers
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2021
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Monopolistic competition is a market structure characterized by many firms, differentiated products, and relatively easy entry and exit. The market for soaps fits this description well. There are numerous brands (firms), each offering a slightly differentiated product (based on fragrance, ingredients, marketing, etc.), and entry into the market is relatively easier compared to a monopoly or oligopoly.
– Key characteristics of monopolistic competition: Many sellers, product differentiation, free entry and exit, non-price competition (advertising, branding).
– Product differentiation allows firms to have some degree of market power (downward sloping demand curve), but the presence of many close substitutes limits this power.
– Retail vegetable markets are often closer to perfect competition (many sellers, relatively homogeneous product, very easy entry).
– Indian Railways is a government monopoly.
– Labour markets can vary significantly in structure, but a labour market for specific skilled professionals like software engineers might involve elements of oligopsony (few major employers) or competition, not typically monopolistic competition as understood in product markets.

46. As per the use-based classification of the Index of Industrial Product

As per the use-based classification of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP), the maximum weight has been assigned to

primary goods
intermediate goods
consumer durables
consumer non-durables
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2020
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As per the use-based classification of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) with the base year 2011-12, the maximum weight has been assigned to Primary Goods.
The use-based classification of IIP includes Primary Goods, Capital Goods, Intermediate Goods, Consumer Durables, and Consumer Non-Durables. The weights assigned to these categories reflect their relative contribution to overall industrial production.
For the 2011-12 series, the weights are approximately: Primary Goods (34.05%), Capital Goods (8.22%), Intermediate Goods (17.22%), Consumer Durables (12.84%), and Consumer Non-Durables (26.68%). Comparing the options provided, Primary Goods has the highest weight among them.

47. Which of the following statements with regard to the ‘Make in India’ i

Which of the following statements with regard to the ‘Make in India’ initiative is/are correct ?

  • 1. It was launched in the year 2018.
  • 2. Its objective is to foster innovation.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2019
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Statement 1 is incorrect. The ‘Make in India’ initiative was launched by the Government of India on September 25, 2014, not 2018.
Statement 2 is correct. One of the key objectives of the ‘Make in India’ initiative is to foster innovation and encourage skill development in the country to boost manufacturing and make India a global design and manufacturing hub.
The ‘Make in India’ initiative was launched in 2014, and fostering innovation is one of its core objectives.
The ‘Make in India’ initiative aims to encourage companies to manufacture in India. It focuses on attracting foreign investment, simplifying business processes, developing infrastructure, and promoting innovation across 25 key sectors of the economy.

48. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List-I
(Concern)		 List-II
(Product)
A. TISCO 1. Chemicals
B. BALCO 2. Iron & Steel
C. BPCL 3. Electronics
D. BEL 4. Aluminium
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
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The correct match is A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.
This question tests knowledge about major Indian public sector undertakings and prominent companies and their primary product or sector of operation.
TISCO (Tata Steel) is primarily engaged in the production of Iron & Steel. BALCO (Bharat Aluminium Company Limited) is a major Aluminium producer. BPCL (Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited) is an oil and gas company involved in refining and marketing petroleum products, which is related to the chemicals sector. BEL (Bharat Electronics Limited) is a public sector undertaking primarily involved in the manufacturing of electronics and communication equipment, particularly for the defense sector.

49. Which one of the following is the largest source of electricity in

Which one of the following is the largest source of electricity in India?

Hydropower plants
Nuclear power plants
Thermal power plants
Wind energy
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2016
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Thermal power plants are the largest source of electricity in India.
India’s electricity generation mix is dominated by thermal power, primarily coal-based power plants. Although renewable energy sources (like wind and solar) are rapidly growing, and hydro and nuclear power contribute, thermal power accounts for the largest share of total installed capacity and actual generation.
As of recent data, thermal power (including coal, gas, and diesel) constitutes over 50% of India’s total installed electricity generation capacity, and its contribution to actual generation is even higher due to higher capacity utilization compared to some renewable sources.

50. Which mega public sector undertaking is designated with ‘Navratna’ sta

Which mega public sector undertaking is designated with ‘Navratna’ status ?

IndianOil Corporation Limited
Gas Authority of India Limited
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Bharat Electronics Limited
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2021
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Among the options provided, Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) is designated with ‘Navratna’ status by the Government of India.
Navratna status is granted to certain large Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) based on specific criteria related to profitability, net worth, and operational efficiency, providing them with greater autonomy.
The other options, IndianOil Corporation Limited (IOCL), Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL), and Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), hold the higher ‘Maharatna’ status, which is granted to select PSUs based on even higher financial and operational benchmarks compared to Navratnas.
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