Industrial Sector

21. In the Index of Eight Core Industries’, which one of the following is

In the Index of Eight Core Industries’, which one of the following is given the highest weight?

Coal production
Electricity generation
Fertilizer production
Steel production
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2015
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Among the given options in the ‘Index of Eight Core Industries’, Electricity generation is given the highest weight.
The Index of Eight Core Industries includes Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement, and Electricity. Based on the 2011-12 series base used for calculation, Electricity generation has the highest weight among these eight industries, followed by Refinery Products and Steel.
The eight core industries represent about 40.27% of the weight of items included in the Index of Industrial Production (IIP). Their performance significantly impacts the overall industrial activity. As of recent data using the 2011-12 series, the approximate weights are: Electricity (19.858%), Refinery Products (17.166%), Steel (17.917%), Coal (10.332%), Crude Oil (8.983%), Natural Gas (6.877%), Cement (5.372%), and Fertilizers (2.632%).

22. What does venture capital mean?

What does venture capital mean?

A short-term capital provided to industries
A long-term start-up capital provided to new entrepreneurs
Funds provided to industries at times of incurring losses
Funds provided for replacement and renovation of industries
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2014
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The correct option is B. Venture capital means a long-term start-up capital provided to new entrepreneurs.
Venture capital is a form of private equity financing that is provided by venture capital firms or funds to start-ups, early-stage, and emerging companies that have been deemed to have high growth potential or which have demonstrated high growth. It is characterized by being a long-term investment, usually in equity, and is provided to fund initial operations or expansions of new ventures.
Venture capital is typically associated with high risk due to the early stage of the companies invested in, but it offers the potential for proportionally high returns if the ventures are successful. It is not short-term capital, nor is it primarily intended for companies already incurring losses (though start-ups often do in their early phase) or for replacement/renovation of established industries.

23. Which one among the following statements about the Singareni Collierie

Which one among the following statements about the Singareni Collieries Company Limited is correct?

Located at Kothagudem in Telengana, this is the first and the oldest coal mining company in India in the private sector
It has now diversified into thermal and solar power generation, explosive manufacturing for blasting in opencast mines and consultancy works
It has been conferred with 'Navratna' status since 2011
It is the single largest coal producing company in the world
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2024
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Statement B is the correct statement about Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL).
SCCL is a public sector undertaking jointly owned by the Government of Telangana and the Government of India, not a private sector company. While it is an old company, claiming it is the ‘first and oldest coal mining company’ requires careful historical verification, but it being in the ‘private sector’ is definitively false. SCCL has indeed diversified its operations into thermal and solar power generation, explosives, and consultancy. SCCL is classified as a ‘Mini Ratna’ PSU, not a ‘Navratna’. Coal India Limited (CIL) is the world’s largest coal producer, not SCCL.
Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) are companies owned by the government. Mini Ratna and Navratna are statuses conferred upon certain PSUs based on their performance and autonomy. Diversification is a common strategy for energy companies.

24. ‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ is a :

‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ is a :

Maharatna CPSE
Navaratna CPSE
Miniratna I CPSE
Miniratna II CPSE
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2023
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‘Rail Vikas Nigam Limited’ (RVNL) is a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) under the Ministry of Railways. It was granted Navaratna status by the Government of India in April 2023.
– RVNL was incorporated in 2003 as a wholly owned PSU of the Ministry of Railways.
– Its primary objective is to undertake and execute railway infrastructure projects.
– The grant of Navaratna status provides RVNL with enhanced autonomy in decision-making, particularly regarding investments, joint ventures, and setting up subsidiary companies, within certain financial limits.
The classification of CPSEs into Maharatna, Navaratna, and Miniratna categories is based on criteria related to profitability, turnover, net worth, and other performance indicators. These statuses grant varying degrees of financial and operational autonomy. Before being upgraded to Navaratna status, RVNL was a Miniratna Category-I CPSE.

25. What is meant by MSME ?

What is meant by MSME ?

Medium, Small and Marginalized Enterprises
Micro, Small and Marginalized Enterprises
Medium, Strategic and Micro Enterprises
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2020
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The correct full form of MSME is Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
MSME stands for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, a classification used by governments to define small and medium-sized businesses.
In India, MSMEs are defined based on investment in plant and machinery or equipment and annual turnover. These enterprises play a significant role in the country’s economy, contributing to employment and manufacturing.

26. When was Startup India Hub operationalized to resolve queries and hand

When was Startup India Hub operationalized to resolve queries and handhold startups?

2015
2016
2017
2018
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2018
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The Startup India initiative was launched by the Government of India on January 16, 2016. The Startup India Hub was operationalized alongside the launch to serve as a single point of contact for the entire startup ecosystem.
The Startup India Hub was envisaged as a platform to handhold startups, resolve their queries, and provide necessary information and support related to government schemes and policies.
The Startup India initiative aims to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country to drive sustainable economic growth and generate large-scale employment opportunities.

27. Which one of the following is not an industrial corridor as per the po

Which one of the following is not an industrial corridor as per the policy initiatives ?

Amritsar - Kolkata
Delhi - Mumbai
Kolkata - Guwahati
Chennai - Bengaluru
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2016
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As per the policy initiatives of the Indian government regarding industrial corridors, the Amritsar – Kolkata, Delhi – Mumbai, and Chennai – Bengaluru corridors are designated as major industrial corridors aimed at facilitating industrial development and connectivity. The Kolkata – Guwahati route, while important for connectivity, is not typically listed as one of the established major industrial corridors in the same context as the others.
Identifying the officially recognized and planned industrial corridors in India is crucial for understanding the country’s infrastructure and industrial development strategy.
Major industrial corridors in India include the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC), Amritsar-Kolkata Industrial Corridor (AKIC), Chennai-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor (CBIC), East Coast Economic Corridor (ECEC) which includes the Vizag-Chennai Industrial Corridor, and the Bengaluru-Mumbai Economic Corridor (BMEC). These corridors leverage dedicated freight corridors and highways to create manufacturing hubs and smart cities.

28. Which one of the following statements with regard to the ‘Make in Indi

Which one of the following statements with regard to the ‘Make in India’ initiative of the Government of India is NOT correct ?

In order to guide the foreign investors, a body named 'Invest India' has been created
The Government has identified key sectors with potential to attract investment
The initiative also aims to identify selected domestic companies having leadership in innovation and new technology for turning them into global champion
The programme is being implemented by the Ministry of Finance
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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The correct answer is D, as the statement that the programme is being implemented by the Ministry of Finance is incorrect.
– The ‘Make in India’ initiative was launched in 2014 to encourage companies to manufacture in India and to facilitate investment.
– Statement A is correct: ‘Invest India’ is the national investment promotion and facilitation agency of India, operational since 2010, and it acts as a first point of reference for investors, including those interested in the ‘Make in India’ initiative.
– Statement B is correct: The initiative initially identified 25 key sectors with high potential for growth and attracting investment.
– Statement C is correct: The initiative aims to foster innovation, skill development, and protect intellectual property, which includes supporting domestic companies to become competitive globally.
– Statement D is incorrect: The ‘Make in India’ initiative is primarily driven and implemented by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. While the Ministry of Finance is involved in policy formulation related to investment and taxation, it is not the nodal ministry for the overall implementation of ‘Make in India’.
The initiative focuses on increasing manufacturing sector growth, boosting domestic production, and creating employment opportunities. It covers various aspects like improving the business environment, developing infrastructure, and opening up sectors for investment.

29. Which of the following statements is/are correct with regard to Jaitap

Which of the following statements is/are correct with regard to Jaitapur, which is situated in Rajapur Tehsil of Ratnagiri district in Maharashtra ?

  • 1. It was one of the important ports in ancient and early medieval times
  • 2. It is a proposed nuclear power plant site being constructed with the collaboration of France

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2014
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Both statement 1 and statement 2 are correct regarding Jaitapur.
Statement 1 is correct. Jaitapur has a historical significance as a port, known to have been involved in trade during ancient and early medieval periods, connecting the Konkan coast to other regions.
Statement 2 is correct. Jaitapur is the planned site for a large nuclear power plant project being developed with the technical collaboration of France (specifically with companies like Areva, now Orano and EDF).
The proposed Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project involves setting up multiple European Pressurised Reactors (EPRs). The project has faced local opposition and regulatory hurdles but remains a planned key infrastructure project for India’s energy needs. Its historical importance as a port dates back centuries, facilitating maritime trade along the western coast.

30. Import substitution implies

Import substitution implies

importing new items in place of old items of import
gradual reduction of imported goods to save foreign exchange
increasing domestic supply of goods by imposing import restrictions
replacing import items by domestic production of such items
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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The correct option is D) replacing import items by domestic production of such items.
Import substitution is an economic strategy where a country aims to reduce its dependence on foreign imports by promoting domestic production of goods that were previously imported. The core idea is to replace imported goods with domestically manufactured ones.
Import substitution industrialization (ISI) was a popular development strategy in many developing countries, particularly in the mid-20th century. It often involves using protectionist measures like tariffs and quotas to make imports more expensive or difficult, thereby encouraging domestic industries to develop and produce these goods. While a potential outcome might be saving foreign exchange (Option B) and tools might involve import restrictions (Option C), the definition is the act of replacing imports with domestic production.
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