Indian Polity and Governance

211. Which one of the following ministries of the Government of India has t

Which one of the following ministries of the Government of India has taken a significant step towards promoting cleanliness and environmental sustainability by launching Swachhata Pakhwada ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region” option2=”Ministry of Health and Family Welfare” option3=”Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change” option4=”Ministry of Rural Development” correct=”option4″]

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Swachhata Pakhwada is an initiative under the Swachh Bharat Mission, where ministries/departments observe a fortnight of intensive cleanliness-related activities. Among the given options, the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD) is closely associated with rural sanitation under Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Gramin), which is a major component of the mission.
Swachhata Pakhwada aims to bring focus on Swachhata activities in various sectors, with each ministry/department participating actively.
The concept of Swachhata Pakhwada was introduced in April 2016. While all ministries and departments observe Swachhata Pakhwada, the Ministry of Rural Development, through its role in rural sanitation (historically via Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, now part of Ministry of Jal Shakti, with MoRD overseeing rural development initiatives), has a significant stake and often conducts widespread activities under this initiative, particularly relating to rural areas. Other ministries like MoEFCC, MoHFW, etc., also observe it focusing on their specific domains. Given the options, MoRD’s connection to rural sanitation makes it a plausible intended answer.

212. Border Roads Organization comes under which one of the following minis

Border Roads Organization comes under which one of the following ministries of the Government of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Ministry of Civil Aviation” option2=”Ministry of Earth Sciences” option3=”Ministry of Road Transport and Highways” option4=”Ministry of Defence” correct=”option4″]

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The Border Roads Organization (BRO) is a statutory body operating under the ownership of the Ministry of Defence.
BRO is responsible for road construction and maintenance in India’s border areas and friendly neighboring countries.
While BRO primarily serves the armed forces’ strategic needs, it also contributes significantly to the socio-economic development of border regions. It was formed in 1960 and plays a crucial role in improving infrastructure in difficult terrains along India’s frontiers.

213. The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice works under wh

The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice works under which one of the following organizations ?

[amp_mcq option1=”United Nations Economic and Social Council” option2=”United Nations Trusteeship Council” option3=”International Court of Justice” option4=”International Civil Defence Organization” correct=”option1″]

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The Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice is a functional commission of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
It is the principal UN policy-making body on crime prevention and criminal justice issues.
ECOSOC is one of the six main organs of the United Nations, responsible for coordinating the economic and social fields of the organization. Functional commissions like the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice are subsidiary bodies that assist ECOSOC in its work. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) serves as the secretariat for the Commission.

214. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India direc

Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India directs the State to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 50″ option2=”Article 52″ option3=”Article 58″ option4=”Article 60″ correct=”option1″]

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Article 50 of the Constitution of India directs the State to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.
Article 50 is a Directive Principle of State Policy (DPSP). It aims at securing the independence of the judiciary from executive control, which is considered essential for the impartial administration of justice.
Article 52 deals with the President of India. Article 58 deals with the qualifications for election as President. Article 60 deals with the oath or affirmation by the President. None of these pertain to the separation of the judiciary from the executive.

215. Which one of the following parts of the Constitution of India deals wi

Which one of the following parts of the Constitution of India deals with official language ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Part XVI” option2=”Part XVII” option3=”Part X” option4=”Part XV” correct=”option2″]

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Part XVII of the Constitution of India deals with the official language of the Union and the States.
Articles 343 to 351 in Part XVII of the Constitution contain provisions relating to the official language. These articles cover aspects like the official language of the Union, regional languages, language of the judiciary and texts of laws, and special directives related to language.
Part XVI deals with special provisions relating to certain classes. Part X deals with Scheduled and Tribal Areas. Part XV deals with Elections. Therefore, Part XVII is the correct part for official language.

216. The Directive Principles of State Policy are enshrined in which one of

The Directive Principles of State Policy are enshrined in which one of the following parts of the Constitution of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Part I” option2=”Part II” option3=”Part III” option4=”Part IV” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D, Part IV.
Part IV of the Constitution of India contains the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs). These principles are guidelines or recommendations to the State for making laws and policies. They are fundamental in the governance of the country, though they are not enforceable by any court.
Part I deals with The Union and its Territory, Part II with Citizenship, and Part III with Fundamental Rights. Fundamental Rights are enforceable by courts, unlike the DPSPs.

217. Which one of the following Schedules of the Constitution of India cont

Which one of the following Schedules of the Constitution of India contains the list of languages recognized by the Constitution ?

[amp_mcq option1=”First Schedule” option2=”Second Schedule” option3=”Eighth Schedule” option4=”Ninth Schedule” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C, Eighth Schedule.
The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of India lists the languages recognized by the Constitution. Initially, there were 14 languages in this schedule. Over time, several languages were added, and currently, there are 22 languages recognized.
The First Schedule lists the States and Union Territories. The Second Schedule contains provisions relating to emoluments, allowances, and privileges for various constitutional functionaries. The Ninth Schedule was added by the 1st Amendment in 1951 and originally contained acts and regulations that could not be challenged in court, although its scope has been limited by judicial review rulings.

218. Which one of the following amendments of the Constitution of India low

Which one of the following amendments of the Constitution of India lowered the voting age from 21 years to 18 years ?

[amp_mcq option1=”42nd Amendment” option2=”44th Amendment” option3=”61st Amendment” option4=”73rd Amendment” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C, 61st Amendment.
The 61st Constitutional Amendment Act of 1988 lowered the voting age for elections to the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assemblies of States from 21 years to 18 years. This amendment is significant as it increased the participation of young people in the democratic process.
The 42nd Amendment (1976) is often called the ‘Mini Constitution’. The 44th Amendment (1978) repealed many of the provisions of the 42nd Amendment. The 73rd Amendment (1992) provided constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions.

219. The National Emergency proclaimed under Article 352 of the Constitutio

The National Emergency proclaimed under Article 352 of the Constitution of India affects which of the following ?
Select the correct answer using the code given below :

  • 1. Fundamental Rights
  • 2. Directive Principles of State Policy

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 only” option3=”Both 1 and 2″ option4=”Neither 1 nor 2″ correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A, 1 only.
A National Emergency proclaimed under Article 352 significantly affects Fundamental Rights. Article 358 automatically suspends the six rights guaranteed by Article 19 upon a proclamation of National Emergency based on war or external aggression (not armed rebellion). Article 359 empowers the President to suspend the right to move any court for the enforcement of other Fundamental Rights (except Articles 20 and 21) during a National Emergency. Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are not suspended during a National Emergency; they continue to guide the state in making laws, although governmental priorities and actions might shift based on the emergency situation.
The effect on Fundamental Rights is a direct and constitutional consequence of the emergency proclamation (either automatic suspension or presidential order), whereas DPSPs remain guiding principles, not subject to suspension. Therefore, the emergency directly affects Fundamental Rights as provided in the Constitution.

220. Which one of the following parts of the Constitution of India deals wi

Which one of the following parts of the Constitution of India deals with the Executive ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Part I” option2=”Part II” option3=”Part III” option4=”Part V” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D, Part V.
Part V of the Constitution of India deals with ‘The Union’. This part is further divided into chapters, and Chapter I specifically covers ‘The Executive’, which includes provisions regarding the President, Vice-President, Council of Ministers, and the Attorney-General of India. This part outlines the structure, powers, and functions of the Union Executive.
Part I deals with The Union and its Territory, Part II with Citizenship, and Part III with Fundamental Rights. Part VI deals with the States, including the State Executive.
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