Indian Geography

11. Which one among the following places in India is known for its associa

Which one among the following places in India is known for its association with the pharmaceutical industry?

[amp_mcq option1=”Ballarpur” option2=”Pimpri” option3=”Sindri” option4=”Mettur” correct=”option2″]

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Pimpri, near Pune in Maharashtra, is historically associated with the pharmaceutical industry, particularly as the location of Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAL).
Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAL), established in 1954, was one of India’s first public sector pharmaceutical companies and is located in Pimpri. This established the area’s early connection with the pharmaceutical sector.
Ballarpur in Maharashtra is primarily known for its paper industry. Sindri in Jharkhand is famous for its large fertilizer plant (Fertilizer Corporation of India). Mettur in Tamil Nadu is known for its chemical industry (Mettur Chemicals) and the Mettur Dam power generation. Therefore, Pimpri is the correct answer for its association with the pharmaceutical industry.

12. Which one among the following States in India shares a boundary with t

Which one among the following States in India shares a boundary with the most number of States?

[amp_mcq option1=”Uttar Pradesh” option2=”Telangana” option3=”Chhattisgarh” option4=”Assam” correct=”option1″]

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Among the given options, Uttar Pradesh shares a boundary with the most number of Indian states.
Uttar Pradesh shares borders with eight Indian states: Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and Bihar, plus the Union Territory of Delhi and the country of Nepal.
Counting the borders for the other options:
Telangana shares borders with 5 states: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha.
Chhattisgarh shares borders with 7 states: Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh.
Assam shares borders with 7 states: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, and West Bengal, plus the countries of Bhutan and Bangladesh.
Comparing the numbers (8 for UP vs. 5, 7, 7), Uttar Pradesh borders the most states among the options.

13. Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is better known for

Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is better known for

[amp_mcq option1=”bioenergy” option2=”paper industry” option3=”food processing industry” option4=”geothermal energy” correct=”option4″]

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Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is well known for its hot springs, which are a source of geothermal energy.
Manikaran is a famous pilgrimage centre situated in the Parvati Valley. The presence of numerous hot springs indicates significant geothermal activity beneath the surface.
Geothermal energy is derived from the heat within the Earth. Hot springs like those in Manikaran are surface manifestations of this heat, and they can be harnessed for various purposes, including direct heating or electricity generation, although in Manikaran, they are primarily associated with religious significance and natural heating. There are no major paper or food processing industries associated specifically with Manikaran, nor is it primarily known for conventional bioenergy production on a large scale, unlike geothermal energy which is directly evidenced by the hot springs.

14. Consider the following geographical conditions : Well-drained, rich f

Consider the following geographical conditions :

Well-drained, rich friable loams containing good deal of minerals, temperature between 15 °C-28 °C and rainfall between 150 cm-250 cm and altitude variations from 600 m-1600 m

Which one among the following crops is suitable under the above conditions?

[amp_mcq option1=”Tea” option2=”Coffee” option3=”Coconut” option4=”Cashew nut” correct=”option2″]

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The geographical conditions described – well-drained, rich friable loams, temperature between 15 °C-28 °C, rainfall between 150 cm-250 cm, and altitude variations from 600 m-1600 m – are ideal for the cultivation of Coffee.
Coffee thrives in tropical climates with distinct wet and dry seasons, requiring well-drained soil, moderate temperatures, high rainfall, and often grown on slopes at varying altitudes (600-1600m is typical for Arabica coffee, although Robusta can be grown lower). These conditions closely match the description.
Tea requires slightly different conditions, typically needing highly fertile, acidic soil, temperatures between 20-30°C (though it can tolerate wider ranges), very high rainfall (100-150 cm to over 400 cm), and is often grown on slopes in hilly areas. Coconut grows best in coastal sandy soils in hot, humid climates with high rainfall (100-300 cm) and low altitudes. Cashew nut prefers well-drained sandy loam soils, high temperatures (20-30°C+), and moderate rainfall (100-200 cm) at lower altitudes. Comparing the requirements, coffee is the best fit for the given conditions.

15. Which one among the following is not a west-flowing river?

Which one among the following is not a west-flowing river?

[amp_mcq option1=”Mahi” option2=”Banas” option3=”Luni” option4=”Sabarmati” correct=”option2″]

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Most peninsular rivers in India flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, primarily due to the general eastward slope of the Deccan Plateau. However, some prominent rivers flow westwards into the Arabian Sea, including the Narmada and Tapti, which flow through rift valleys. Other west-flowing rivers listed in the options are Mahi, Luni, and Sabarmati, which drain into the Arabian Sea or the Rann of Kutch. The Banas River is a major river in Rajasthan. It is a tributary of the Chambal River, which itself is a tributary of the Yamuna River. The Yamuna joins the Ganges, which flows eastwards into the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, the Banas River is not a west-flowing river; it flows generally northeast/east before joining the Chambal.
The Banas River is a tributary of the Chambal, which flows towards the east-draining into the Bay of Bengal system, unlike Mahi, Luni, and Sabarmati which are west-flowing rivers.
The Luni river is unique among the options as it is an inland river; it flows into the Rann of Kutch and does not reach the Arabian Sea. The Mahi River flows through Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat, and drains into the Arabian Sea. The Sabarmati River originates in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan and flows southwest across Gujarat into the Arabian Sea.

16. Which one among the following cities in India is located at the Northe

Which one among the following cities in India is located at the Northernmost latitude?

[amp_mcq option1=”Sri Ganganagar” option2=”Nainital” option3=”Gangtok” option4=”Itanagar” correct=”option1″]

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To determine the northernmost city, we need to compare their approximate latitudes.
Sri Ganganagar (Rajasthan) is located near the northern border of Rajasthan, close to Punjab. Its approximate latitude is around 29.9° N.
Nainital (Uttarakhand) is a hill station. Its approximate latitude is around 29.4° N.
Gangtok (Sikkim) is located in the Eastern Himalayas. Its approximate latitude is around 27.3° N.
Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh) is in Northeast India. Its approximate latitude is around 27.1° N.
Comparing these values (29.9° N, 29.4° N, 27.3° N, 27.1° N), Sri Ganganagar has the highest latitude, making it the northernmost city among the options.
The latitude of a place determines its north-south position. A higher northern latitude means the location is further north.
While Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, is a major northern city in India, it was not among the options. Understanding the relative geographical positions of states like Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh helps in estimating the likely latitudes of cities within them. Northern Rajasthan is generally located at higher latitudes than parts of Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.

17. Consider the following statements regarding landscape : 1. Bhabar is

Consider the following statements regarding landscape :

  • 1. Bhabar is a narrow belt ranging between 8 km-10 km parallel to the Shiwalik foothills at the break-up of the slope.
  • 2. Bhabar is a belt consisting of old and new alluvial deposited by rivers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 only” option3=”Both 1 and 2″ option4=”Neither 1 nor 2″ correct=”option1″]

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Statement 1 is correct. The Bhabar belt is indeed located south of the Shiwalik hills, parallel to the foothills. It is a narrow zone, typically 8-16 km wide (the range 8-10 km provided is within this range), and it consists of pebbles and boulders deposited by rivers descending from the mountains. The porosity of the Bhabar causes rivers to disappear underground here. Statement 2 is incorrect. The Bhabar belt is characterized by coarse deposits (pebbles, boulders). The concept of “old and new alluvial” deposits primarily applies to the plain regions south of the Bhabar, specifically the Bhangar (older alluvium forming terraces) and Khadar (newer alluvium forming floodplains).
Bhabar is a porous belt of pebbles and boulders parallel to the Shiwaliks where rivers disappear, not a region of old and new alluvial deposits.
The physical divisions of the Northern Plains, from north to south, are typically identified as Bhabar, Tarai, Bhangar, and Khadar. The Tarai is a wet, marshy region south of the Bhabar where the underground rivers reappear. The Bhangar is the older alluvial plain above the flood level, and the Khadar is the newer alluvial plain within the flood level.

18. Which one among the following sectors in India consumes the maximum am

Which one among the following sectors in India consumes the maximum amount of groundwater ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Industry” option2=”Agriculture” option3=”Household” option4=”Mining” correct=”option2″]

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In India, the sector that consumes the maximum amount of groundwater is Agriculture.
Agriculture in India relies heavily on irrigation, and a significant portion of this irrigation water is sourced from groundwater. Estimates indicate that agricultural use accounts for around 80-90% of the total groundwater withdrawal in the country.
While Industry and Household sectors also consume groundwater, their consumption levels are substantially lower compared to the demand for irrigation in agriculture across the vast cultivated areas of India. Mining also uses water, but its groundwater consumption footprint is generally much smaller than the other three sectors on a national scale. The heavy reliance on groundwater for irrigation is a major concern regarding groundwater depletion in India.

19. Which of the following coal-based power plants are situated in Uttar P

Which of the following coal-based power plants are situated in Uttar Pradesh ?
1. Darlipali
2. Dadri
3. Singrauli
4. Vindhyachal
Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 3 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”2 and 4 only” option4=”3 and 4 only” correct=”option2″]

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The Dadri and Singrauli coal-based power plants are situated in Uttar Pradesh.
NTPC Dadri is a major power generation complex located near Dadri, Uttar Pradesh. NTPC Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station is located in Shaktinagar, Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh, although the Singrauli coalfield region itself spans parts of both UP and Madhya Pradesh.
Darlipali Super Thermal Power Station is located in Sundargarh district, Odisha. Vindhyachal Super Thermal Power Station is located in Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh.

20. With reference to Lakshadweep, which of the following statements is/ar

With reference to Lakshadweep, which of the following statements is/are correct ?

  1. It is an archipelago consisting of coral islands and reefs
  2. It is the smallest Union Territory of India in terms of area
  3. The main occupation of people is tourism and allied activities

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”1 and 3 only” option3=”2 and 3 only” option4=”1 only” correct=”option1″]

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Statements 1 and 2 are correct, while Statement 3 is not entirely accurate as the *main* occupation.
Lakshadweep is an archipelago composed primarily of coral atolls, reefs, and submerged banks (Statement 1). It is indeed the smallest Union Territory of India by geographical area, covering just 32 square kilometers (Statement 2).
While tourism is an important and growing sector in Lakshadweep, the traditional and primary occupations of the majority of the local population are fishing and coconut cultivation. Stating tourism as the *main* occupation might be an oversimplification or exaggeration compared to these traditional livelihoods. Therefore, considering the phrasing, statement 3 is less accurate than 1 and 2.
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