Indian Geography

151. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List I
(River)		 List II
(Location in map)
A. Penner 1
B. Vaigai 2
C. Cauvery 3
D. Krishna 4

[amp_mcq option1=”A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1″ option2=”A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2″ option3=”A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1″ option4=”A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2″ correct=”option1″]

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Without a map showing the specific locations 1, 2, 3, and 4, we assume they represent relative positions, likely from North to South, as these are major South Indian rivers. The approximate North-to-South order of these rivers is Krishna (mostly north), Penner (south of Krishna), Cauvery (south of Penner and Krishna), and Vaigai (mostly south in Tamil Nadu).
Assuming locations 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent this North-to-South sequence:
Location 1: Krishna (D)
Location 2: Penner (A)
Location 3: Cauvery (C)
Location 4: Vaigai (B)
Matching the rivers from List I with the locations from List II based on this assumption:
A. Penner matches location 2 (A-2).
B. Vaigai matches location 4 (B-4).
C. Cauvery matches location 3 (C-3).
D. Krishna matches location 1 (D-1).
This pairing corresponds to option A: A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1.
– The relative geographical positions of the rivers from North to South are Krishna, Penner, Cauvery, Vaigai.
– Assuming the locations 1, 2, 3, 4 follow this North-to-South order allows for matching.
The Krishna River flows through Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh. The Penner River flows through Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. The Cauvery River flows through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Vaigai River flows through Tamil Nadu. Their basins are located in distinct regions of South India, primarily in the Deccan Plateau and the Eastern Ghats.

152. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the positions in

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the positions in the Bay of Bengal from North to South ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Gulf of Mannar – Palk Strait – Palk Bay” option2=”Palk Strait – Gulf of Mannar – Palk Bay” option3=”Palk Strait – Palk Bay – Gulf of Mannar” option4=”Palk Bay – Palk Strait – Gulf of Mannar” correct=”option4″]

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Looking at a map of the southern tip of India and Sri Lanka, Palk Bay is located to the north, between the northeastern part of Sri Lanka and the southeastern coast of India. Palk Strait connects Palk Bay to the Gulf of Mannar. The Gulf of Mannar is located to the south of Palk Strait, between the southeastern tip of India and the western coast of Sri Lanka. Thus, the order from North to South is Palk Bay, followed by Palk Strait, and then the Gulf of Mannar.
This question requires precise geographical knowledge of the water bodies located between India and Sri Lanka. Understanding their relative positions is key.
Palk Strait is relatively shallow. Adam’s Bridge (Rama Setu), a chain of limestone shoals, separates Palk Bay from the Gulf of Mannar. The Gulf of Mannar is recognized as a Marine Biosphere Reserve.

153. Which one of the following is the correct order of Himalayan ranges fr

Which one of the following is the correct order of Himalayan ranges from North to South ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Siwalik” option2=”Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Karakoram, Siwalik” option3=”Pir Panjal, Zaskar, Karakoram, Ladakh, Siwalik” option4=”Siwalik, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Ladakh, Karakoram” correct=”option1″]

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The major Himalayan ranges, when ordered from North to South, are the Trans-Himalayan ranges (which include Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar), followed by the Great Himalayas (Himadri), the Lesser Himalayas (Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar, etc.), and finally the Outer Himalayas (Siwaliks). Therefore, the correct order from North to South among the given options is Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Siwalik.
Understanding the spatial arrangement and nomenclature of the major mountain ranges forming the Himalayas and Trans-Himalayan region is crucial. These ranges run roughly parallel to each other from west to east but are distinct in their North-South positioning.
The Trans-Himalayan ranges are geologically distinct from the Himalayas proper and lie to the north of the Great Himalayas. The Pir Panjal range is the largest range of the Lesser Himalayas. The Siwaliks are the youngest and southernmost range, forming the foothills of the Himalayas.

154. Which one of the following latitudes passes through maximum Indian sta

Which one of the following latitudes passes through maximum Indian states ?

[amp_mcq option1=”20° N latitude” option2=”22° N latitude” option3=”24° N latitude” option4=”26° N latitude” correct=”option4″]

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Tracing the given latitudes across the map of India reveals that 26° N latitude passes through the maximum number of states among the options. Approximately, it crosses states like Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, and the northern tip of Tripura. This totals around 9 states. The other latitudes pass through fewer states. For comparison, the Tropic of Cancer (approx 23.5° N) passes through 8 states.
This question tests geographical knowledge about the latitudes passing through India and the spatial distribution of Indian states. Accurately visualizing or knowing the states located along these specific parallels of latitude is required.
While 26° N passes through the most states among the options, no single latitude can pass through all or a majority of India’s states, given their spatial arrangement and size. The specific list of states crossed by a latitude can sometimes vary slightly depending on the exact boundary definitions used on a map, but the relative ranking among these options tends to hold.

155. Which one of the following states of India has the largest area under

Which one of the following states of India has the largest area under dense evergreen forest cover ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Himachal Pradesh” option2=”Arunachal Pradesh” option3=”Karnataka” option4=”Uttarakhand” correct=”option2″]

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Based on forest survey data from India, Arunachal Pradesh consistently ranks among the top states with the largest area under dense forest cover, which includes vast tracts of tropical and subtropical evergreen forests due to its high rainfall and diverse topography. While states like Karnataka also have evergreen forests (in the Western Ghats), Arunachal Pradesh has a significantly larger total area under dense forest cover.
Identifying states with extensive dense evergreen forest cover requires knowledge of India’s diverse forest types and their geographical distribution, often correlated with rainfall patterns and topography. States in the Northeast, and parts of the Western Ghats and Andaman & Nicobar Islands, have significant evergreen forests.
The Forest Survey of India (FSI) reports classify forest cover into ‘Very Dense Forest’, ‘Moderately Dense Forest’, and ‘Open Forest’. Evergreen forests typically fall under the ‘Very Dense’ and ‘Moderately Dense’ categories in regions with high rainfall like the Northeast and the Western Ghats. Arunachal Pradesh has one of the highest percentages and total areas of Very Dense Forest cover in India.

156. North-west part of the Indian peninsula was converted into a great cen

North-west part of the Indian peninsula was converted into a great centre of vulcanicity in

[amp_mcq option1=”the end of Cretaceous period” option2=”the mid of Cretaceous period” option3=”the start of Cretaceous period” option4=”the whole of Cretaceous period” correct=”option1″]

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The North-west part of the Indian peninsula, specifically the Deccan Traps region, experienced a major period of vulcanicity at the end of the Cretaceous period.
The Deccan Traps are a large igneous province located on the Deccan Plateau of west-central India. The formation of these traps was a massive volcanic event.
This period of intense volcanic activity occurred towards the very end of the Cretaceous Period, around 66 million years ago. It is believed by some scientists to have contributed to the environmental changes that led to the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) extinction event, which wiped out the dinosaurs.

157. Which of the following conditions is/are essential for wheat cultivati

Which of the following conditions is/are essential for wheat cultivation ?

  • 1. Optimum temperature during growing period is around 30°C
  • 2. A frost-free period of about 100 days
  • 3. Light clay or heavy loam soil

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 3″ option2=”1 and 2 only” option3=”2 and 3 only” option4=”1 only” correct=”option3″]

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Let’s evaluate each condition:
1. Optimum temperature during growing period is around 30°C: Wheat is typically a cool-season crop (Rabi crop in India). While temperatures around 25-30°C are favourable for ripening, the optimum temperature for the main growing period (vegetative growth, tillering) is much lower, around 15-20°C. Stating 30°C as the optimum for the “growing period” is inaccurate for the entire cycle.
2. A frost-free period of about 100 days: Frost can severely damage wheat, especially during flowering and grain filling. A sufficient frost-free period (typically the duration of the growing season) is essential. 100 days is a reasonable minimum for the main growth phase. This statement is generally correct.
3. Light clay or heavy loam soil: Wheat grows best in fertile, well-drained soils. Loamy soils (including heavy loams) and clay loams are considered suitable due to good water retention and nutrient content. This statement is generally correct.
Based on the analysis, conditions 2 and 3 are essential/correct, while condition 1 is not accurate for the optimum temperature throughout the primary growing period.
– Wheat is a cool-season crop.
– Frost is detrimental to wheat cultivation.
– Fertile loamy soils are preferred.
– Ideal temperature for germination is 5-10°C.
– Ideal temperature for vegetative growth is 15-20°C.
– Ideal temperature for ripening is 20-25°C, possibly up to 30°C.
– The soil should be well-drained to prevent waterlogging.

158. In India, Indus Dolphin, one of the world’s rarest mammals, is mainly

In India, Indus Dolphin, one of the world’s rarest mammals, is mainly found in which one of the following rivers?

[amp_mcq option1=”Ganga” option2=”Cauvery” option3=”Brahmaputra” option4=”Beas” correct=”option4″]

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The Indus Dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) is a subspecies of the South Asian river dolphin. While the main population resides in the Indus River system in Pakistan, a small, isolated population is found in the Beas River in Punjab, India. The Beas is a tributary of the Indus River.
The question specifically asks about the *Indus Dolphin* in India. The Beas River is the only river listed that is part of the Indus River system in India and is home to a population of this specific dolphin subspecies.
The Ganga River is home to the Gangetic Dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica), which is a different subspecies of the South Asian river dolphin. The Cauvery and Brahmaputra rivers have different aquatic ecosystems and are not known habitats for the Indus Dolphin. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the critically endangered Indus Dolphin population in the Beas River.

159. Which one of the following rivers is west-flowing?

Which one of the following rivers is west-flowing?

[amp_mcq option1=”Godavari” option2=”Periyar” option3=”Tungabhadra” option4=”Cauvery” correct=”option2″]

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Most major rivers in the Deccan Plateau region of India flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal. This is due to the general eastward slope of the peninsular plateau. However, some significant rivers flow westward into the Arabian Sea. Among the given options, Godavari, Tungabhadra (a tributary of the eastward-flowing Krishna), and Cauvery (Kaveri) are all east-flowing rivers. Periyar is a major river in Kerala that flows westward into the Arabian Sea.
Indian rivers primarily flow either east into the Bay of Bengal or west into the Arabian Sea. The general slope of the peninsular plateau dictates the eastward flow of most major rivers.
Other important west-flowing rivers in peninsular India include the Narmada, Tapti (Tapi), Mahi, Sabarmati, Netravati, Bharathpuzha, and Mandovi.

160. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

[amp_mcq option1=”Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi : Fursatganj” option2=”National Flying Training Institute : Belgaum” option3=”National Institute of Hydrology : Roorkee” option4=”National Water Academy (Headquarters) : Khadakwasla” correct=”option2″]

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The pair “National Flying Training Institute : Belgaum” is not correctly matched.
– Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Uran Akademi (IGRUA) is located at Fursatganj, Amethi, Uttar Pradesh. This pair is correctly matched.
– National Flying Training Institute (NFTI) is located at Gondia, Maharashtra. It is not located at Belgaum (Belagavi). This pair is incorrectly matched.
– National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) is located at Roorkee, Uttarakhand. This pair is correctly matched.
– National Water Academy (NWA) Headquarters is located at Khadakwasla, Pune, Maharashtra. This pair is correctly matched.
IGRUA is a premier flying training institute in India. NFTI is another significant flying training academy. NIH is a research and development institution in the field of hydrology. NWA provides training to water resource professionals.
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