Indian Geography

101. Which of the following is/are tributary/ tributaries of Brahmaputra?

Which of the following is/are tributary/ tributaries of Brahmaputra?

  • 1. Dibang
  • 2. Kameng
  • 3. Lohit

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”1 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2 and 3″ correct=”option4″]

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Dibang, Kameng, and Lohit are all tributaries of the Brahmaputra river.
– The Brahmaputra river originates in the Himalayas and flows through Tibet, India, and Bangladesh. It has numerous tributaries joining it throughout its course.
– Dibang is a right-bank tributary that joins the Brahmaputra downstream of Sadiya in Arunachal Pradesh.
– Kameng (known as Jia Bhoreli in Assam) is a right-bank tributary that flows through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.
– Lohit is a left-bank tributary that joins the Brahmaputra near Sadiya, just before it enters Assam.
Other significant tributaries of the Brahmaputra include Subansiri, Manas, Teesta, Sankosh (right bank), and Burhi Dihing, Dhansiri, Kopili (left bank). The Brahmaputra river system is a major river system in South Asia.

102. Consider the following States : 1. Arunachal Pradesh 2. Himachal Pr

Consider the following States :

  • 1. Arunachal Pradesh
  • 2. Himachal Pradesh
  • 3. Mizoram

In which of the above States do ‘Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests’ occur?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”1 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2 and 3″ correct=”option3″]

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Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests are found in areas with high rainfall (typically over 200 cm annually) and high temperatures throughout the year. These conditions are prevalent in parts of Northeast India, including Arunachal Pradesh (in lower elevations) and Mizoram. Himachal Pradesh, being a Himalayan state, has primarily temperate and alpine forest types, not tropical wet evergreen forests. Therefore, Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests occur in Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram.
Tropical Wet Evergreen forests are characterized by dense vegetation, tall trees, and multiple layers of canopy, found in warm and very wet regions. In India, they are primarily located in the Western Ghats, Northeast India, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
The diverse topography and climate of India lead to a variety of forest types. Arunachal Pradesh, being in the eastern Himalayas, has a range of forests from tropical evergreen in the foothills to alpine meadows at higher altitudes. Mizoram, part of the Lushai Hills in Northeast India, falls within the tropical monsoon climate zone with heavy rainfall, supporting evergreen and semi-evergreen forests. Himachal Pradesh’s vegetation varies with altitude, including subtropical, temperate, and alpine zones.

103. Consider the following statements: 1. The winds which blow between 3

Consider the following statements:

  • 1. The winds which blow between 30° N and 60° S latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies.
  • 2. The moist air masses that cause winter rains in North-Western region of India are part of westerlies.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 only” option3=”Both 1 and 2″ option4=”Neither 1 nor 2″ correct=”option2″]

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The correct option is B.
Statement 1 is incorrect. Westerlies are prevailing winds that blow from west to east in the mid-latitudes, approximately between 30° and 60° latitude in *each* hemisphere (30°N to 60°N and 30°S to 60°S). The statement describes a range from 30°N to 60°S as a single band, which is geographically incorrect for the definition of westerlies.
Statement 2 is correct. The winter rains in the North-Western region of India (such as Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and parts of Rajasthan and Delhi) are caused by Western Disturbances. These are extratropical storms originating in the Mediterranean region, moving eastward across Iran, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, driven by the mid-latitude westerlies. These disturbances bring moisture that results in precipitation during the winter months. Thus, the moist air masses causing these rains are part of the westerlies system.
Westerlies are part of the global atmospheric circulation, specifically located between the subtropical high-pressure belt (around 30°) and the subpolar low-pressure belt (around 60°). They are stronger in the Southern Hemisphere due to the absence of large landmasses obstructing the flow. Western Disturbances are significant weather phenomena in North-Western India, crucial for Rabi crops, but they can also cause challenging weather conditions like fog and cold waves.

104. Which one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies fr

Which one of the following National Parks has a climate that varies from tropical to subtropical, temperate and arctic?

[amp_mcq option1=”Khangchendzonga National Park” option2=”Nandadevi National Park” option3=”Neora Valley National Park” option4=”Namdapha National Park” correct=”option1″]

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Khangchendzonga National Park (KNP) is located in Sikkim and is home to Mount Kanchenjunga, the world’s third-highest peak. Due to the vast altitude range within the park (from approximately 1,800 m to over 8,586 m), it encompasses a wide variety of climate zones, including tropical (in lower valleys), subtropical, temperate, alpine, and areas reaching near-arctic conditions at the highest elevations. This wide variation allows it to host a diverse range of ecosystems and biodiversity.
– The question asks for a National Park with a climate ranging from tropical to arctic.
– This requires a park with significant altitudinal variation, extending from low elevations to very high mountains.
– Khangchendzonga National Park is located around the world’s third-highest peak and spans a vast altitude range.
Khangchendzonga National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognized for its unique natural and cultural significance, representing a sacred landscape. While other Himalayan parks like Nanda Devi and Namdapha also have significant altitudinal ranges and diverse climates, Khangchendzonga’s specific range makes it the most fitting answer for a transition from tropical/subtropical to arctic conditions.

105. Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangr

Which one of the following regions of India has a combination of mangrove forest, evergreen forest and deciduous forest?

[amp_mcq option1=”North Coastal Andhra Pradesh” option2=”South-West Bengal” option3=”Southern Saurashtra” option4=”Andaman and Nicobar Islands” correct=”option4″]

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The Andaman and Nicobar Islands region of India is known for having a combination of mangrove forests, evergreen forests, and deciduous forests.
The diverse topography, rainfall patterns, and coastal/island geography of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands support these different forest types:
– **Mangrove forests:** Found along the coasts and creeks, adapted to saline water and tidal conditions.
– **Tropical Evergreen forests:** Cover large parts of the islands, especially in areas with high rainfall, characterised by dense canopy and diverse species.
– **Moist Deciduous forests:** Found in slightly drier areas or on certain slopes, where trees shed their leaves during a part of the year.
Other options like South-West Bengal (primarily mangroves and some deciduous), North Coastal Andhra Pradesh (mangroves and dry deciduous), and Southern Saurashtra (dry deciduous and scrub) do not typically exhibit the extensive combination of all three major forest types as found in the Andamans.
The islands are a part of the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot, contributing to the richness of flora and fauna found there. This combination of forest types makes the region ecologically unique in India.

106. Consider the following rivers : Vamsadhara Indravati Pranahita Pe

Consider the following rivers :

  1. Vamsadhara
  2. Indravati
  3. Pranahita
  4. Pennar

Which of the above are tributaries of Godavari?

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 3″ option2=”2, 3 and 4″ option3=”1, 2 and 4″ option4=”2 and 3 only” correct=”option4″]

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The correct option is D. Indravati and Pranahita are tributaries of the Godavari river.
– The Godavari river is the second-longest river in India and flows east through the Deccan Plateau.
– Vamsadhara is a river that flows through Odisha and Andhra Pradesh and drains directly into the Bay of Bengal. It is not a tributary of Godavari.
– Indravati is a major tributary of the Godavari, flowing through Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Maharashtra.
– Pranahita is the largest tributary of the Godavari, formed by the confluence of the Wardha and Wainganga rivers, and flows along the border of Maharashtra and Telangana.
– Pennar (also spelled Penna) is a river in South India, flowing through Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh and draining into the Bay of Bengal. It is not a tributary of Godavari.
Major tributaries of Godavari include Pravara, Purna, Manjira, Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga, Pranahita, Indravati, and Sabari.

107. Consider the following pairs: Place of Pilgrimage : Location 1. Sri

Consider the following pairs:

  • Place of Pilgrimage : Location
  • 1. Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
  • 2. Omkareshwar : Satmala Hills
  • 3. Pushkar : Mahadeo Hills

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”1 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2 and 3″ correct=”option1″]

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Only pair 1 is correctly matched.
Srisailam, a famous pilgrimage center and Jyotirlinga site, is located in the Nallamala Hills, which are part of the Eastern Ghats, in Andhra Pradesh (Pair 1 is correct). Omkareshwar is an island in the Narmada river in Madhya Pradesh and is not in the Satmala Hills (Pair 2 is incorrect). Pushkar is located near Ajmer in Rajasthan, not in the Mahadeo Hills, which are part of the Satpura range in Madhya Pradesh (Pair 3 is incorrect).
The Satmala Hills are a range of hills in Maharashtra and Telangana. The Mahadeo Hills are located in the northern part of the Satpura Range in Madhya Pradesh.

108. Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the east

Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

[amp_mcq option1=”Assam and Rajasthan” option2=”Arunachal Pradesh and Rajasthan” option3=”Assam and Gujarat” option4=”Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat” correct=”option4″]

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The easternmost state of India (mainland) is Arunachal Pradesh, and the westernmost state (mainland) is Gujarat.
Arunachal Pradesh is located in the northeastern part of India and is the state that receives the first sunrise in the country due to its longitudinal extent. Its easternmost point is near Kibithu.
Gujarat is located on the western coast of India. Its westernmost point on the mainland is in the Kutch region, near Ghuar Mota.
Comparing the options, Arunachal Pradesh and Gujarat represent the easternmost and westernmost states, respectively.
Assam is to the west of Arunachal Pradesh. Rajasthan is to the northeast of Gujarat but not the westernmost state.
The difference in longitude between Arunachal Pradesh (approx. 97.25° E) and Gujarat (approx. 68.1° E) leads to a time difference of about two hours between the eastern and western parts of India.

109. Consider the following pairs : National Highway Cities connected

Consider the following pairs :

National Highway Cities connected
1. NH 4 : Chennai and Hyderabad
2. NH 6 : Mumbai and Kolkata
3. NH 15 : Ahmedabad and Jodhpur

Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”3 only” option3=”1, 2 and 3″ option4=”None” correct=”option4″]

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UPSC IAS – 2014
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Based on the historical National Highway numbering system (prior to the renumbering), none of the provided pairs are correctly matched. Old NH 4 connected Mumbai and Chennai, not Chennai and Hyderabad. Old NH 6 connected Hazira (near Surat) and Kolkata, not strictly Mumbai and Kolkata. Old NH 15 connected Pathankot (Punjab) to Samakhiali (Gujarat) and did not pass through Ahmedabad or Jodhpur.
– Old NH 4: Mumbai – Pune – Bangalore – Chennai.
– Old NH 6: Hazira – Dhule – Nagpur – Raipur – Sambalpur – Kolkata.
– Old NH 15: Pathankot – … – Bikaner – … – Samakhiali.
India’s National Highway network has undergone significant renumbering since 2010. Under the new system, NH numbers and routes are entirely different from the old system. For example, the new NH 4 runs from Krishnagiri (TN) to Belagavi (KA). This question likely refers to the old numbering scheme, as the city pairs align more with those routes, albeit incorrectly matched.

110. Consider the following towns of India : 1. Bhadrachalam 2. Chanderi

Consider the following towns of India :

  • 1. Bhadrachalam
  • 2. Chanderi
  • 3. Kancheepuram
  • 4. Karnal

Which of the above are famous for the production of traditional sarees/fabric?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”1, 2 and 3″ option4=”1, 3 and 4″ correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2014
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Chanderi and Kancheepuram are well-known centres in India famous for the production of traditional sarees and fabrics. Chanderi is known for its lightweight sarees woven with silk and cotton, while Kancheepuram is renowned for its heavy silk sarees with rich zari work.
– Bhadrachalam is a significant pilgrimage town in Telangana, primarily known for its temple dedicated to Lord Rama, not textiles.
– Karnal is a city in Haryana, known for agriculture and industry, but not traditionally famous for sarees or fabrics.
Traditional handloom weaving is a significant part of India’s cultural heritage, with numerous towns and regions specializing in distinct styles of sarees and fabrics like Banarasi silk, Mysore silk, Pochampally Ikat, Paithani, etc.
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