Ganga Drainage System

1. Which one of the following states is part of the Ganga Basin ?

Which one of the following states is part of the Ganga Basin ?

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Himachal Pradesh
Sikkim
Assam
Odisha
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2023
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Himachal Pradesh is part of the Ganga Basin.
The Ganga basin is the largest river basin in India, draining areas in several states of North and East India, as well as parts of Nepal and Bangladesh.
While Himachal Pradesh is known for rivers of the Indus system (Sutlej, Ravi, Beas), its southern slopes drain into the Yamuna River, which is a major tributary of the Ganga. Therefore, parts of Himachal Pradesh fall within the Ganga basin (specifically the Yamuna sub-basin). Sikkim is part of the Brahmaputra basin. Assam is primarily in the Brahmaputra basin. Odisha is drained by rivers like Mahanadi, Brahmani, Baitarani, etc., and is not part of the Ganga basin.

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2. With reference to the Himalayan rivers joining the Ganga downstream of

With reference to the Himalayan rivers joining the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from West to East, which one of the following sequences is correct ?

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Ghaghara – Gomati – Gandak – Kosi
Gomati – Ghaghara – Gandak – Kosi
Ghaghara – Gomati – Kosi – Gandak
Gomati – Ghaghara – Kosi – Gandak
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UPSC IAS – 2024
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To determine the correct sequence of Himalayan rivers joining the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from West to East, we need to consider the geographical locations of their confluences with the Ganga.
Prayagraj is the confluence of the Ganga and Yamuna. Moving downstream (eastwards) from Prayagraj:
1. The Gomati River joins the Ganga near Saidpur, Uttar Pradesh.
2. The Ghaghara River joins the Ganga near Chhapra, Bihar, which is downstream (east) of the Gomati’s confluence.
3. The Gandak River joins the Ganga near Patna, Bihar, which is downstream (east) of the Ghaghara’s confluence.
4. The Kosi River joins the Ganga near Kursela in Bhagalpur district, Bihar, which is downstream (east) of the Gandak’s confluence.
Therefore, the correct sequence from West to East is Gomati – Ghaghara – Gandak – Kosi.
Major tributaries of the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from west to east include the Gomati, Ghaghara, Gandak, and Kosi. Knowing the relative positions of their confluences is key to determining the order.
These rivers originate in the Himalayas and are major contributors of water and sediment to the Ganga river system. The Kosi is particularly known for its frequent changes in course, often referred to as the “Sorrow of Bihar”.

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3. Ganga water is being shared at Farakka with which one of the following

Ganga water is being shared at Farakka with which one of the following countries?

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Nepal
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2022
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Ganga water is being shared at Farakka with Bangladesh.
The Farakka Barrage across the Ganges River in West Bengal is the point where India diverts water. The sharing of Ganga waters at Farakka has been a subject of dispute between India and Bangladesh. A treaty for sharing the Ganges water at Farakka was signed between the two countries in 1996.
The Farakka Barrage was constructed primarily to divert water into the Hooghly River to flush out sediment and keep the Kolkata Port navigable. The treaty with Bangladesh addresses the equitable sharing of water during the lean season.

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4. The place located at the confluence of Alakananda and Pindar rivers is

The place located at the confluence of Alakananda and Pindar rivers is

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Rudraprayag
Karnaprayag
Devaprayag
Vishnupravag
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UPSC CAPF – 2013
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The place located at the confluence of Alakananda and Pindar rivers is Karnaprayag.
The Alakananda river is one of the two main headstreams of the Ganga river. It originates from the Satopanth and Bhagirathi Kharak glaciers. Various rivers join the Alakananda at specific locations called ‘Prayags’ (confluences), which are considered sacred in Hinduism.
– Vishnuprayag: Alakananda + Dhauliganga
– Nandaprayag: Alakananda + Nandakini
– Karnaprayag: Alakananda + Pindar
– Rudraprayag: Alakananda + Mandakini
– Devaprayag: Alakananda + Bhagirathi (This confluence forms the main Ganga river)
These five confluences along the Alakananda are collectively known as the ‘Panch Prayag’ and are important pilgrimage sites in Uttarakhand. The Pindar river originates from the Pindari Glacier in the Kumaon region.

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5. Rudraprayag is situated at the confluence of rivers Alaknanda and

Rudraprayag is situated at the confluence of rivers Alaknanda and

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Bhagirathi
Mandakini
Nandakini
Dhauliganga
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2017
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The correct answer is B) Mandakini.
Rudraprayag is one of the five sacred river confluences (Panch Prayag) in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at the confluence of the Alaknanda and Mandakini rivers.
The other Panch Prayags are:
– Devprayag: Alaknanda and Bhagirathi (where the Ganga river is formed)
– Vishnuprayag: Alaknanda and Dhauliganga
– Nandprayag: Alaknanda and Nandakini
– Karnaprayag: Alaknanda and Pindar

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6. Which of the following states is/are part of the Ganga Basin ? 1. Ch

Which of the following states is/are part of the Ganga Basin ?

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  • 1. Chhattisgarh
  • 2. Himachal Pradesh
  • 3. Rajasthan

Select the answer using the code given below :

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1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2024
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The Ganga River Basin is one of the largest river basins in the world, covering vast areas of India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and parts of China. In India, the basin encompasses numerous states.
– Statement 1: Chhattisgarh is partly drained by the Son River, which is a major southern tributary of the Ganga. Thus, Chhattisgarh is part of the Ganga Basin.
– Statement 2: Himachal Pradesh is part of the upper Ganga basin as some of the tributaries of the Yamuna (which is a major tributary of the Ganga) originate or flow through the state.
– Statement 3: Rajasthan is part of the Ganga basin through tributaries like the Chambal River, which is a major tributary of the Yamuna.
Therefore, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, and Rajasthan are all states that are part of the vast Ganga Basin system.
– The Ganga basin covers multiple Indian states and neighboring countries.
– Major tributaries like Yamuna and Son expand the basin’s reach to states beyond the direct course of the Ganga.
– Chhattisgarh (Son), Himachal Pradesh (Yamuna tributaries), and Rajasthan (Chambal tributary) are part of the basin.
Other major states included in the Ganga basin within India are Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Haryana, Delhi, and parts of Madhya Pradesh. The basin is geographically diverse, ranging from the Himalayas in the north to the delta in the south.

7. Which one of the following is not a tributary of the river Ganga?

Which one of the following is not a tributary of the river Ganga?

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Son
Mahananda
Teesta
Sharada
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2016
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The Teesta River is a major river that flows through the Indian states of Sikkim and West Bengal and then through Bangladesh before merging with the Brahmaputra River. It is not a tributary of the Ganga River.
Tributaries of the Ganga include major rivers like the Yamuna, Son, Kosi, Gandak, Ghaghara, and Mahananda. The Teesta is a tributary of the Brahmaputra.
The Son River is a major right-bank tributary of the Ganga, flowing from Madhya Pradesh and joining the Ganga in Bihar. The Mahananda River is a left-bank tributary of the Ganga, originating in the Himalayas and flowing through West Bengal before joining the Ganga in Bangladesh. The Sharada River (also known as Kali Ganga or Mahakali) is a tributary of the Ghaghara River, which in turn is a major tributary of the Ganga. Thus, Son, Mahananda, and Sharada are all part of the Ganga river system, while Teesta is part of the Brahmaputra river system.

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8. Which one of the following rivers joins Ganga directly?

Which one of the following rivers joins Ganga directly?

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Chambal
Son
Betwa
Ken
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2020
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The correct answer is Son. The Son River is a major right-bank tributary of the Ganga, originating in the Amarkantak region and joining the Ganga directly near Patna in Bihar.
The Son is one of the longest rivers in central India and an important tributary system of the Ganga.
Chambal, Betwa, and Ken are all tributaries of the Yamuna River, which itself is a major tributary of the Ganga. They do not join the Ganga directly.

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9. Consider the following tributaries of river Ganga : 1. Gandak 2. Ko

Consider the following tributaries of river Ganga :

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  • 1. Gandak
  • 2. Kosi
  • 3. Ghaghara
  • 4. Gomti

Which one of the following is the correct order of the above rivers from east to west?

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3-4-1-2
2-1-3-4
2-3-1-4
1-2-4-3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2018
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The correct answer is B) 2-1-3-4.
The question asks for the order of the given tributaries of the River Ganga from east to west. When considering the major north-bank tributaries joining the Ganga in the plains, their approximate order from East to West is: Kosi (joins near Kursela, Bihar) -> Gandak (joins near Patna, Bihar) -> Ghaghara (joins near Chapra, Bihar) -> Gomti (joins near Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, which is west of the major confluence points of Kosi, Gandak, and Ghaghara).
The list provided includes four prominent left-bank (north bank) tributaries of the Ganga. Their confluence points with the Ganga are located in different parts of Bihar and Eastern Uttar Pradesh, determining their relative east-west positions. Kosi is the easternmost among the options, followed by Gandak, then Ghaghara, and finally Gomti to the west.

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