Drainage System

1. Which among the following pairs of rivers and regions is/are not corre

Which among the following pairs of rivers and regions is/are not correctly matched?

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  • 1. Indus river : Himalayan region
  • 2. Godavari river : Deccan region
  • 3. Luni river : Coastal region

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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1 only
1 and 2 only
3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC Combined Section Officer – 2019-20
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The Luni river flows through the inland arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan and Gujarat, eventually draining into the Rann of Kutch, which is a marshy area near the coast, but the river itself is not characteristic of a typical coastal river or region. The Indus river system originates in the Himalayas and flows through the Himalayan region, and the Godavari river is a major river of the Deccan Plateau. Therefore, only the Luni river is not correctly matched with the Coastal region.
– Pair 1 (Indus river : Himalayan region) is correctly matched as the Indus originates in the Himalayas and flows through the region.
– Pair 2 (Godavari river : Deccan region) is correctly matched as the Godavari is a major river flowing across the Deccan Plateau.
– Pair 3 (Luni river : Coastal region) is incorrectly matched as the Luni is primarily an inland river flowing through arid regions, not a coastal region.
– The question asks for the pair(s) that are *not* correctly matched.
The Luni is the largest salt-water river in India. It originates in the Aravalli Range near Ajmer and flows southwest. It is an ephemeral river, drying up before reaching the sea, getting lost in the sands of the Rann of Kutch. Its course is entirely inland, except for its terminus near the Rann.

2. Which one among the following is not a west-flowing river?

Which one among the following is not a west-flowing river?

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Mahi
Banas
Luni
Sabarmati
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2024
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Most peninsular rivers in India flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal, primarily due to the general eastward slope of the Deccan Plateau. However, some prominent rivers flow westwards into the Arabian Sea, including the Narmada and Tapti, which flow through rift valleys. Other west-flowing rivers listed in the options are Mahi, Luni, and Sabarmati, which drain into the Arabian Sea or the Rann of Kutch. The Banas River is a major river in Rajasthan. It is a tributary of the Chambal River, which itself is a tributary of the Yamuna River. The Yamuna joins the Ganges, which flows eastwards into the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, the Banas River is not a west-flowing river; it flows generally northeast/east before joining the Chambal.
The Banas River is a tributary of the Chambal, which flows towards the east-draining into the Bay of Bengal system, unlike Mahi, Luni, and Sabarmati which are west-flowing rivers.
The Luni river is unique among the options as it is an inland river; it flows into the Rann of Kutch and does not reach the Arabian Sea. The Mahi River flows through Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Gujarat, and drains into the Arabian Sea. The Sabarmati River originates in the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan and flows southwest across Gujarat into the Arabian Sea.

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3. Which one among the following is the place of confluence of the rivers

Which one among the following is the place of confluence of the rivers Alaknanda and Bhagirathi ?

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Vishnuprayag
Karnaprayag
Devprayag
Rudraprayag
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2021
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The correct answer is Devprayag.
Devprayag is one of the Panch Prayag (five confluences) of the Alaknanda River. It is the confluence point where the Alaknanda River meets the Bhagirathi River. This confluence marks the point where the river officially gets the name “Ganga”.
– Vishnuprayag: Confluence of Alaknanda and Dhauliganga.
– Karnaprayag: Confluence of Alaknanda and Pindar.
– Rudraprayag: Confluence of Alaknanda and Mandakini.
– Devprayag: Confluence of Alaknanda and Bhagirathi.
The Panch Prayag are significant pilgrimage sites located along the Alaknanda River in Uttarakhand, India. These confluences are considered holy in Hinduism, marking key points in the journey of the Alaknanda before it merges with the Bhagirathi to form the main stem of the Ganges River.

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4. Which among the following is a west flowing river?

Which among the following is a west flowing river?

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Teesta
Tapti
Subarnarekha
Betwa
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2020
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The correct answer is Tapti.
– Most major rivers in India flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal.
– Tapti (or Tapi) is one of the few major rivers that flows westward into the Arabian Sea.
– Other major west-flowing rivers in India include the Narmada, Indus, Mahi, Periyar, and Mandovi.
– The Teesta flows south and then east, joining the Brahmaputra.
– The Subarnarekha flows generally east into the Bay of Bengal.
– The Betwa flows north-east, joining the Yamuna (a tributary of the Ganges, which flows east).

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5. Which one of the following observations regarding rivers is not made b

Which one of the following observations regarding rivers is not made by the Central Water Commission operating through its network of hydro-meteorological stations?

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Water level (gauge)
Silt
Water quality
Shifting in river channel
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2019
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The Central Water Commission (CWC) operates a network of hydro-meteorological stations primarily for monitoring river behavior in terms of water quantity and quality. Routine observations from these stations typically include Water Level (Gauge), Silt content (Sediment load), and Water Quality parameters. While CWC may conduct specific studies on river morphology and channel changes, “Shifting in river channel” is generally not a parameter for routine, continuous observation from fixed hydro-meteorological stations in the same way as gauge, silt, or water quality.
– CWC monitors key river parameters through hydro-meteorological stations.
– Standard routine observations include water level, silt/sediment load, and water quality.
– Shifting of the entire river channel is a larger geomorphological process, less amenable to continuous monitoring from a fixed station.
CWC’s mandate includes planning and coordination for water resources development and management, flood forecasting, and monitoring. Data collected from hydro-meteorological stations are crucial for flood forecasting, water management, and planning. While river morphology is studied, especially in the context of river training and flood control works, routine data collection focuses on the properties and flow of water itself at specific points.

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6. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

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List-I (River)List-II (Tributary)
A. Indus1. Seti
B. Ghaghra2. Dhansiri
C. Brahmaputra3. Bhavani
D. Kaveri4. Nubra
A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CBI DSP LDCE – 2023
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The correct matching of rivers with their tributaries is Indus-Nubra, Ghaghra-Seti, Brahmaputra-Dhansiri, and Kaveri-Bhavani.
Match the rivers with their respective tributaries:
– **Indus River:** Major tributaries include the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, Beas (the Panjnad), and also mountain tributaries like the Shyok, Zanskar, Hunza, Gilgit, etc. Nubra is a well-known tributary of the Shyok River, which itself is a major tributary of the Indus River. Thus, Nubra is indirectly a tributary of the Indus. (A-4)
– **Ghaghra River:** A major left-bank tributary of the Ganges. Its important tributaries include the Karnali (main stream), Seti, Bheri, Rapti, and Sharda (Kali). Seti is a tributary of the Ghaghra. (B-1)
– **Brahmaputra River:** Known as the Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet, it enters India as the Siang and then becomes the Brahmaputra. Major tributaries include Dibang, Lohit, Subansiri, Kameng, Manas, Sankosh, Teesta, and in Bangladesh, the Jamuna joins the Padma (Ganges). Dhansiri is a significant south-bank tributary of the Brahmaputra in Assam. (C-2)
– **Kaveri River:** A major river in South India. Its tributaries include the Harangi, Hemavati, Lakshmana Tirtha, Kabini, Bhavani, Noyyal, and Amaravathi. Bhavani is a major tributary of the Kaveri. (D-3)
Knowledge of the major river systems and their tributaries is a fundamental part of the geography syllabus for Indian competitive exams. Tributaries play a crucial role in defining the drainage basin and hydrology of a river.

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7. In the context of the Indus Water Treaty, 1960, water of which one of

In the context of the Indus Water Treaty, 1960, water of which one of the following rivers was not allocated to India for its exclusive use?

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Ravi
Chenab
Sutlej
Beas
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CBI DSP LDCE – 2023
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The correct option is B) Chenab. The Indus Water Treaty, signed in 1960, divided the six rivers of the Indus basin between India and Pakistan. The water of the three ‘Eastern Rivers’ – Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej – was allocated to India for its exclusive use. The water of the three ‘Western Rivers’ – Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab – was allocated primarily to Pakistan, with India permitted limited non-consumptive uses (such as power generation, irrigation storage) on these rivers. Therefore, the water of Chenab was not allocated to India for its exclusive use.
– The Indus Water Treaty divides the six rivers of the Indus basin.
– Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) are for India’s exclusive use.
– Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) are for Pakistan’s use, with restricted Indian uses.
The treaty was brokered by the World Bank and has largely survived various conflicts between India and Pakistan, making it one of the most successful water treaties globally.

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8. Consider the following rivers : 1. Brahmani 2. Nagavali 3. Subarna

Consider the following rivers :

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  • 1. Brahmani
  • 2. Nagavali
  • 3. Subarnarekha
  • 4. Vamsadhara

Which of the above rise from the Eastern Ghats?

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1 and 2
2 and 4
3 and 4
1 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2021
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Nagavali and Vamsadhara rivers rise from the Eastern Ghats.
– 1. Brahmani River: Formed by the confluence of the South Koel and Sankh rivers near Rourkela in Odisha. The South Koel originates in the Chota Nagpur Plateau (Jharkhand), and the Sankh river originates in the Netarhat Plateau (also Chota Nagpur region). It does not originate from the Eastern Ghats.
– 2. Nagavali River: Rises in the Eastern Ghats near Lakhbahal village in the Bhawanipatna block of Kalahandi district, Odisha, at an elevation of about 1300 meters. It flows through Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. So, it rises from the Eastern Ghats.
– 3. Subarnarekha River: Rises from the Chota Nagpur Plateau near Piskaji village, about 16 km west of Ranchi, Jharkhand. It does not originate from the Eastern Ghats.
– 4. Vamsadhara River: Rises in the Eastern Ghats in the hilly region of Lanjigarh block, Kalahandi district, Odisha. It flows through Odisha and Andhra Pradesh. So, it rises from the Eastern Ghats.
– Therefore, only Nagavali and Vamsadhara among the given options originate from the Eastern Ghats.
The Eastern Ghats are a discontinuous range of mountains along India’s eastern coast. Many medium and minor rivers originate from these hills and flow eastward into the Bay of Bengal. Major rivers like Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, and Cauvery flow through the Eastern Ghats in some parts but originate from the Western Ghats or central India.

9. With reference to the Indus river system, of the following four rivers

With reference to the Indus river system, of the following four rivers, three of them pour into one of them which joins the Indus direct. Among the following, which one is such river that joins the Indus direct?

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Chenab
Jhelum
Ravi
Sutlej
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2021
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Among the given options, the Sutlej is the river that joins the Indus direct, receiving waters from the other major tributaries indirectly.
– The Indus River system consists of the main Indus River and its major tributaries: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej. These five tributaries flow through the Punjab region.
– The Jhelum River flows into the Chenab River.
– The Ravi River flows into the Chenab River.
– The Beas River flows into the Sutlej River (in India).
– The Chenab River (carrying the waters of Jhelum and Ravi) then joins the Sutlej River near Uch Sharif in Pakistan.
– The combined river, known as the Panjnad (“Five Rivers”), flows for a short distance before joining the Indus River at Mithankot, Pakistan.
– Thus, the Sutlej is the river among the options that receives the waters of the other three (Jhelum and Ravi via Chenab, and Beas – though Beas is not in the list of options, it joins Sutlej before the confluence with Chenab) and then joins the Indus as the Panjnad.
– The wording “three of them pour into one of them which joins the Indus direct” is a bit simplified. Jhelum and Ravi pour into Chenab. Chenab pours into Sutlej. Sutlej (combined with Beas) then joins the Indus. The Sutlej forms the final major confluence (Panjnad) with the Indus.
The Indus Water Treaty between India and Pakistan allocates the waters of the eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) to India and the western rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) to Pakistan.

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10. Consider the following rivers : 1. Barak 2. Lohit 3. Subansiri Wh

Consider the following rivers :

  • 1. Barak
  • 2. Lohit
  • 3. Subansiri

Which of the above flows/flow through Arunachal Pradesh?

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1 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2014
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The question asks which of the listed rivers flow through Arunachal Pradesh. Let’s examine each river:
1. Barak: The Barak River is a major river in Northeast India. It originates in Manipur and flows through Nagaland and Assam in India before entering Bangladesh, where it merges with the Surma and Kushiyara rivers. It does not flow through Arunachal Pradesh.
2. Lohit: The Lohit River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River. It originates in Tibet and flows through Arunachal Pradesh (in the eastern part, forming the easternmost part of the Brahmaputra basin in India) before joining the Brahmaputra in Assam. It flows through Arunachal Pradesh.
3. Subansiri: The Subansiri River is another major tributary of the Brahmaputra. It also originates in Tibet and flows through Arunachal Pradesh (in the central part) before joining the Brahmaputra in Assam. It flows through Arunachal Pradesh.
– The Lohit and Subansiri rivers are tributaries of the Brahmaputra that flow through Arunachal Pradesh.
– The Barak River flows through Manipur, Nagaland, and Assam before entering Bangladesh.
Arunachal Pradesh is known as the “land of the dawn-lit mountains” and has numerous rivers and tributaries, many originating from the Himalayas. The Brahmaputra itself enters India in Arunachal Pradesh (where it is known as Siang) before being joined by tributaries like Lohit and Dibang and then flowing into Assam.

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