Demography of India

11. Broadly both birth and death rates are low in which one of the followi

Broadly both birth and death rates are low in which one of the following stages of demographic transition model?

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FRGY e
Early expanding stage
Late expanding stage
Low stationary stage
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In the Low Stationary Stage (Stage 4) of the demographic transition model, both birth rates and death rates are low. This results in a very low or zero rate of population growth.
The Demographic Transition Model describes the historical shift from high birth and death rates, found in agrarian societies, to low birth and death rates, found in industrialized societies. It typically involves four (or five) stages. Stage 1 has high birth and death rates. Stages 2 and 3 are characterized by declining death rates followed by declining birth rates, leading to population growth.
The Early Expanding Stage (Stage 2) has high birth rates and falling death rates, leading to rapid population growth. The Late Expanding Stage (Stage 3) has falling birth rates and continuing falling death rates, leading to slower population growth compared to Stage 2. The term “FRGY e” is not a standard stage in the model, likely a typo.

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12. 2011 Census has divided the working population of India into four majo

2011 Census has divided the working population of India into four major categories. Which one of the following is NOT one of them ?

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Cultivators
Domestic workers
Household industrial workers
Agricultural Labourers
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The 2011 Census of India classifies the total population into Main Workers, Marginal Workers, and Non-workers. Main workers are further classified based on their economic activity. The four major categories used for classifying workers based on occupation in the Indian Census are Cultivators, Agricultural Labourers, Workers in Household Industry, and Other Workers. Domestic workers are a type of occupation that falls under the “Other Workers” category and are not listed as one of the four major classification categories for the entire workforce.
The four main occupational categories used in the Census for classifying workers are Cultivators, Agricultural Labourers, Household Industry Workers, and Other Workers.
‘Other Workers’ include all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, factory workers, mining workers, plantation workers, commercial employees, those engaged in trade, transport, banking, communication, construction, public administration, defence services, domestic servants (domestic workers), etc. who are not Cultivators, Agricultural Labourers, or Household Industry Workers.

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13. Natural Population Change is calculated by

Natural Population Change is calculated by

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subtracting the death rate from the birth rate
multiplying the death rate with the birth rate
adding the death rate with the birth rate
subtracting the birth rate from the death rate
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Natural population change is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate.
Natural population change refers to the difference between the number of births and the number of deaths in a population over a specific period, usually expressed per 1,000 people per year or as a percentage.
Total population change also includes net migration (immigration minus emigration). Natural population change accounts only for the impact of births and deaths on population size.

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14. In India, approximately what percentage of households still use firewo

In India, approximately what percentage of households still use firewood for cooking as per 2011 Census?

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20%
40%
50%
60%
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According to the Census of India 2011 data on households using different types of fuel for cooking, 49.0% of households primarily used firewood. This percentage is closest to 50%.
Census data provides official statistics on various aspects of household life, including fuel usage. The 2011 Census data indicated that firewood was the dominant cooking fuel for nearly half of Indian households.
Other major cooking fuels used by households in India as per the 2011 Census included LPG (28.5%), cow dung cake (8.9%), and kerosene (4.5%). The reliance on traditional biomass fuels like firewood has significant implications for health, environment, and gender equity.

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15. Which one of the following is in descending order of Indian States in

Which one of the following is in descending order of Indian States in terms of their density of population (as per 2011 Census)?

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Bihar—Kerala—Uttar Pradesh—West Bengal
West Bengal—Bihar—Kerala—Uttar Pradesh
Bihar—West Bengal—Kerala—Uttar Pradesh
Kerala—West Bengal—Bihar—Uttar Pradesh
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The correct answer is C) Bihar—West Bengal—Kerala—Uttar Pradesh.
According to the 2011 Census of India, the population densities of the mentioned states are:
– Bihar: 1106 persons per sq km
– West Bengal: 1028 persons per sq km
– Kerala: 860 persons per sq km
– Uttar Pradesh: 829 persons per sq km
Arranging these in descending order of population density gives: Bihar > West Bengal > Kerala > Uttar Pradesh.
Population density is calculated as the number of people per unit area (usually square kilometer). Bihar has the highest population density among all Indian states. The national average density according to the 2011 census was 382 persons per sq km.

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16. As per Census 2011, which one of the following is the correct descendi

As per Census 2011, which one of the following is the correct descending order of States in India in respect of sex ratio (female per thousand of males) ?

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West Bengal - Madhya Pradesh - Uttarakhand - Jammu and Kashmir
Madhya Pradesh - West Bengal - Jammu and Kashmir - Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand - West Bengal - Madhya Pradesh - Jammu and Kashmir
West Bengal - Uttarakhand - Madhya Pradesh - Jammu and Kashmir
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According to Census 2011 data, the sex ratio (females per 1000 males) for the listed states is approximately:
Uttarakhand: 963
West Bengal: 950
Madhya Pradesh: 931
Jammu and Kashmir: 889 (for the undivided state)
Arranging these in descending order of sex ratio gives: Uttarakhand (963) > West Bengal (950) > Madhya Pradesh (931) > Jammu and Kashmir (889).
Sex ratio data for selected Indian states as per Census 2011. Kerala had the highest sex ratio (1084) and Haryana the lowest (879) among major states in 2011.
Sex ratio is an important demographic indicator reflecting the balance between the number of females and males in a population. Regional variations in sex ratio can be influenced by factors like birth rates, mortality rates, migration, and societal practices (e.g., sex-selective abortion, neglect of female children).

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17. The chief racial groups constituting India’s population are the Dravid

The chief racial groups constituting India’s population are the Dravidian, Aryans, and Mongoloids. Where do the Mongoloids live ?

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Western India
Southern India
North-Eastern India
South-Western India
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The Mongoloid racial groups in India primarily live in North-Eastern India.
Populations with features typically associated with the Mongoloid group are predominantly found in the states located in North-Eastern India, including Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and Sikkim.
These regions share geographical borders and historical migration patterns with countries in East and Southeast Asia. While India’s population is highly diverse due to complex migrations and interactions over millennia, the concentration of people with distinct characteristics often categorized under broad racial terms like Mongoloid is highest in the Northeast.

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18. The shape of the population pyramid reflects the characteristics of th

The shape of the population pyramid reflects the characteristics of the population. The shape of the pyramid in India is

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bell shaped and tapered towards the top
narrow base and a tapered top
broad base and a tapered top
narrow base and narrow top
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The shape of the population pyramid in India is typically described as a broad base and a tapered top.
A broad base indicates a large proportion of young people (high birth rates), and a tapered top indicates a smaller proportion of older people (due to mortality). India has historically had and continues to have relatively high birth rates (though declining), resulting in a large young population, and mortality rates cause the population size to decrease significantly in older age groups.
Population pyramids with a broad base and tapered top are characteristic of populations experiencing growth. Bell-shaped pyramids indicate a more stable population with moderate growth, while pyramids with a narrow base indicate low birth rates and potentially declining populations.

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19. In which stage of ‘demographic transition’ is India at present ?

In which stage of ‘demographic transition’ is India at present ?

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High birth rate and high death rate
High birth rate and low death rate
High birth rate and falling death rate
Low birth rate and low death rate
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India is generally considered to be in the later part of Stage 2 or entering Stage 3 of the demographic transition model. Among the given options, “High birth rate and low death rate” (Stage 2) best describes the condition leading to the significant population growth experienced by India, where death rates have fallen substantially while birth rates, although falling, remain relatively high compared to developed countries.
The demographic transition model describes population change over time.
– Stage 1: High birth rate, high death rate.
– Stage 2: High birth rate, falling death rate (leading to rapid population growth).
– Stage 3: Falling birth rate, low death rate (population growth slows down).
– Stage 4: Low birth rate, low death rate (population stabilizes or declines).
In India, death rates declined significantly due to improved healthcare and living conditions, starting earlier than birth rates. By 2011, death rates were relatively low, while birth rates were still considerably above replacement level, resulting in a large natural increase and rapid population growth, characteristic of Stage 2 or the transition phase into Stage 3 where birth rates begin to fall more significantly. Option B, “High birth rate and low death rate,” accurately reflects the state that generates rapid growth observed in India.
While birth rates in India were indeed falling by 2011 (moving towards Stage 3), option C “High birth rate and falling death rate” is less accurate for 2011 as death rates had already largely fallen and stabilised at a low level, rather than *rapidly* falling at that specific time. Option B describes the *result* of the process where death rates fell and birth rates remained high relative to death rates.

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20. Arrange the following Indian states in descending order of population

Arrange the following Indian states in descending order of population density as per the Census of India 2011 :

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  1. Uttar Pradesh
  2. Kerala
  3. Bihar
  4. West Bengal

Select the answer using the code given below :

4-3-2-1
3-4-2-1
2-3-4-1
3-4-1-2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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The correct descending order of population density among the given states as per the Census of India 2011 is Bihar, West Bengal, Kerala, and Uttar Pradesh.
According to Census 2011:
– Bihar: 1106 persons per sq km
– West Bengal: 1028 persons per sq km
– Kerala: 860 persons per sq km
– Uttar Pradesh: 829 persons per sq km
Therefore, the descending order is Bihar (3) > West Bengal (4) > Kerala (2) > Uttar Pradesh (1), which corresponds to the sequence 3-4-2-1.
Bihar was the most densely populated state in India as per the 2011 census, followed by West Bengal. The national average population density in 2011 was 382 persons per sq km.

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