Congress Socialist Party (1934)

1. With reference to Congress Socialist Party, consider the following sta

With reference to Congress Socialist Party, consider the following statements:

  • It advocated the boycott of British goods and evasion of taxes.
  • It wanted to establish the dictatorship of proletariat.
  • It advocated separate electorate for minorities and oppressed classes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 and 2 only
3 only
1, 2 and 3
None
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2015
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None of the statements correctly describes the Congress Socialist Party (CSP).
The CSP was founded within the Indian National Congress and represented a socialist faction. They advocated for democratic socialism, land reforms, nationalization of key industries, and participation in the freedom struggle.
Statement 1: While CSP members participated in the freedom struggle which included boycotts and civil disobedience, “advocated the boycott of British goods and evasion of taxes” is not a complete or defining characteristic of the CSP compared to other factions within the Congress. Their primary focus was on achieving independence through nationalist movement and establishing a socialist society thereafter.
Statement 2: The CSP explicitly rejected the idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat, distinguishing themselves from communist parties. They believed in democratic methods for achieving socialism.
Statement 3: The CSP was committed to a secular and united India. They were staunch opponents of separate electorates and communal politics, advocating for the upliftment of all oppressed sections within a unified national framework.
Therefore, none of the statements accurately reflect the core ideology or positions of the Congress Socialist Party.

2. Consider the following statements : The growth of socialist tendency

Consider the following statements :

  • The growth of socialist tendency in the national movement led to the foundation of the Congress Socialist Party in 1934 under the leadership of Acharya Narendra Deva and Jayaprakash Narayan.
  • In 1936, Jawaharlal Nehru urged the Congress to accept socialism as its goal and to bring itself closer to the peasantry and the working class.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2021
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The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2.
– Statement 1 is correct. The Congress Socialist Party (CSP) was founded in 1934 by prominent leaders like Acharya Narendra Deva, Jayaprakash Narayan, Minoo Masani, and S.M. Joshi, advocating for socialist ideas within the Indian National Congress.
– Statement 2 is correct. Jawaharlal Nehru had strong socialist convictions. He was a staunch advocate of socialism and used his platform, including his presidential addresses at Congress sessions (like the Lucknow session in 1936), to urge the Congress to embrace socialist goals and connect with the masses, particularly the peasants and workers.
– The CSP aimed to push the Congress towards more radical, pro-poor, and anti-imperialist policies.
– Nehru’s vision of socialism was influenced by Fabianism and Marxism, advocating for state control over key industries and a planned economy for poverty eradication and social justice.

3. Who among the following in Congress represented the socialist view?

Who among the following in Congress represented the socialist view?

Rajendra Prasad
Narendra Dev
Maulana Azad
Sardar Patel
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UPSC CAPF – 2018
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The correct answer is B) Narendra Dev.
Acharya Narendra Dev was a prominent leader of the Congress Socialist Party (CSP), which was formed within the Indian National Congress in 1934. He was a key ideologue and advocate of democratic socialism in India and actively represented the socialist viewpoint within the Congress party’s discussions and policies.
Rajendra Prasad and Sardar Patel represented the more conservative and nationalist wing of the Congress. Maulana Azad was a secular nationalist and a senior statesman in the Congress, but not primarily identified with the socialist faction. Prominent socialist leaders in the Congress included Jayaprakash Narayan, Ram Manohar Lohia, and Achyut Patwardhan, besides Narendra Dev.

4. The socialist idea of Sapta Kranti (Seven Revolutions) was proposed by

The socialist idea of Sapta Kranti (Seven Revolutions) was proposed by

Ram Manohar Lohia
Jawaharlal Nehru
M. G. Ranade
Jayaprakash Narayan
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UPSC CDS-2 – 2020
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The concept of ‘Sapta Kranti’ or Seven Revolutions was proposed by the socialist leader Ram Manohar Lohia.
Lohia envisioned a multifaceted revolution addressing various forms of inequality and injustice, aiming for total transformation of society.
The seven revolutions outlined by Lohia were: 1. For equality between men and women; 2. Against political, economic, and caste-based inequality based on skin colour; 3. Against inequality based on caste and against humiliation of the backward; 4. Against enslavement by foreign countries and for a free world government; 5. For economic equality, planned production, and against the dominance of the private sector; 6. Against injustice in private life and for the right to intervene against injustice; 7. Against weapons and for Satyagraha.
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