Climate

11. Which one of the following climatic types (Köppen’s Scheme) is best su

Which one of the following climatic types (Köppen’s Scheme) is best suited to describe the climate of the western fringe of Rajasthan ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Amw” option2=”Aw” option3=”Bwhw” option4=”Cwg” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2022
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The climate of the western fringe of Rajasthan, which includes the Thar desert, is best described by Köppen’s climatic type BWhw.
According to the Köppen climate classification, ‘B’ denotes arid or dry climates. ‘BW’ signifies a desert climate. The third letter, ‘h’, indicates a hot climate (average annual temperature is above 18°C). The fourth letter, ‘w’, indicates a dry winter (the wettest month in summer receives at least ten times as much precipitation as the driest month in winter). Western Rajasthan is a hot desert region with most rainfall occurring during the monsoon season in summer, making the winters relatively dry.
Amw and Aw are tropical wet or savanna climates, respectively. Cwg is a temperate climate with dry winter, often found in the Gangetic plains. These are not characteristic of the arid western fringe of Rajasthan.

12. Which one of the following places of India experiences highest atmosph

Which one of the following places of India experiences highest atmospheric pressure during winter?

[amp_mcq option1=”Jaisalmer” option2=”Leh” option3=”Chennai” option4=”Guwahati” correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2018
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Atmospheric pressure is influenced by temperature, altitude, and dynamic weather systems. During winter, strong high-pressure systems develop over the cold continental landmasses, including central Asia and extending into northwest India. While Leh (Ladakh) experiences extreme cold, its very high altitude leads to significantly lower atmospheric pressure compared to locations at lower altitudes. Jaisalmer (Rajasthan) is located in northwest India, which is under the influence of the winter high-pressure system, but at a much lower altitude (~225m) than Leh (~3500m). Chennai and Guwahati are in warmer regions and not under the core influence of the continental winter high. Therefore, among the given options, Jaisalmer is most likely to experience the highest atmospheric pressure during winter due to its location within the winter high-pressure belt at a relatively low altitude compared to Leh.
Winter high pressure systems lead to cold, dense air over landmasses. While cold increases density and thus pressure, altitude significantly reduces pressure. Jaisalmer is located in the region influenced by the winter high at a much lower altitude than Leh.
Actual atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude. A rough estimate is a decrease of about 1 hPa for every 8 meters increase in altitude at lower levels. While Leh’s extreme cold contributes to higher air density, the vast difference in altitude between Leh and Jaisalmer means Jaisalmer’s actual surface pressure will typically be much higher.
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