2022

111. Which one of the following statements is not true in regard to the Nat

Which one of the following statements is not true in regard to the National Human Rights Commission ?

[amp_mcq option1=”It can inquire suo motu on a petition.” option2=”It is a body of the Government of India.” option3=”It can review any matter including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of Human Rights.” option4=”It spreads Human Rights literacy.” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B. The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament (Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993), but it is designed to function as an independent watchdog, not as a mere department or ‘body of’ the Government of India in the executive sense. While created by the government, its independence from direct executive control is crucial for its function. Statements A, C, and D are true functions of the NHRC as per the Protection of Human Rights Act.
The NHRC is an independent statutory body, not an executive department.
The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, mandates the NHRC to perform functions like inquiring into human rights violations (suo motu or on petition), reviewing factors (including terrorism) inhibiting human rights, and promoting human rights literacy. Its independent status is vital for its credibility and effectiveness in monitoring human rights.

112. Which one of the following is related with the doctrine of ‘Separation

Which one of the following is related with the doctrine of ‘Separation of Powers’ ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Supreme Court, High Courts and District Courts” option2=”Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and State Legislatures” option3=”Legislature, Executive and Judiciary” option4=”President, Prime Minister and Judges” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C. The doctrine of ‘Separation of Powers’ refers to the division of the powers of the state into three distinct branches: the Legislature (which makes laws), the Executive (which implements laws), and the Judiciary (which interprets laws and administers justice).
Separation of Powers is a fundamental principle aimed at preventing the concentration of power in a single body and ensuring checks and balances.
While India follows a system of ‘separation of functions’ rather than strict separation of powers, the three branches – Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary – are the core components whose distinct roles are defined by the Constitution. Options A, B, and D list components within these branches or individuals holding positions, not the branches themselves as defined by the doctrine.

113. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List I List II
A. Total Revolution 1. George Fernandes
B. Garibi Hatao 2. Jaya Prakash Narayan
C. Shah Commission 3. Indira Gandhi
D. Railway Strike 4. Janata Party Government

Code :

[amp_mcq option1=”A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1″ option2=”A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1″ option3=”A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2″ option4=”A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2″ correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B.
A. Total Revolution (Sampoorna Kranti) was a political movement initiated by Jaya Prakash Narayan against the Indira Gandhi government in the 1970s (A-2).
B. ‘Garibi Hatao’ (Remove Poverty) was the election slogan used by Indira Gandhi during the 1971 general election (B-3).
C. The Shah Commission of Inquiry was constituted by the Janata Party Government in 1977 to inquire into the excesses committed during the Emergency (C-4).
D. The 1974 All India Railway Strike was a major strike led by railway unions, with George Fernandes being a prominent leader of the striking workers (D-1).
This question tests knowledge of significant events and associated personalities/entities in modern Indian history and politics.
The Total Revolution movement called for a transformation of all aspects of society. The Shah Commission’s report highlighted abuses of power during the Emergency period (1975-1977). The 1974 railway strike was one of the largest industrial actions in India’s history.

114. Who appoints the Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee of the P

Who appoints the Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee of the Parliament ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Speaker, Lok Sabha” option2=”Chairman, Rajya Sabha” option3=”President of India” option4=”Leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha” correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A. The Chairperson of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) of the Parliament is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha has the authority to appoint chairpersons of various parliamentary committees, including the PAC.
By convention since 1967, the Chairperson of the PAC is a member of the opposition party in the Lok Sabha. This ensures scrutiny of government accounts by the opposition. The committee consists of members from both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, but the Chairperson is appointed by the Speaker of Lok Sabha.

115. The Sarkaria Commission relates to which one of the following areas ?

The Sarkaria Commission relates to which one of the following areas ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Constitution of Urban Panchayats” option2=”Centre-State relations” option3=”Electoral reforms” option4=”Appointment of judges to High Courts” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B. The Sarkaria Commission was appointed in 1983 by the Central Government to examine the relationship and balance of power between the Union and State Governments in India and suggest necessary changes within the framework of the Constitution.
The Sarkaria Commission’s primary focus was on Centre-State relations.
The Commission was chaired by Justice R.S. Sarkaria. Its recommendations, submitted in 1987, covered various aspects of Centre-State relations, including legislative, administrative, and financial matters.

116. Which one of the following States does not make boundary with Chhattis

Which one of the following States does not make boundary with Chhattisgarh ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Jharkhand” option2=”Bihar” option3=”Odisha” option4=”Telangana” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B. Chhattisgarh shares its borders with Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Bihar does not share a border with Chhattisgarh; it is located further north, separated by Jharkhand and parts of Uttar Pradesh.
Knowledge of the geographical boundaries of Indian states is required.
Chhattisgarh was formed in 2000, carved out of Madhya Pradesh. Its neighbouring states are: Madhya Pradesh (North-West), Uttar Pradesh (North), Jharkhand (North-East), Odisha (East), Telangana (South-West), Andhra Pradesh (South), and Maharashtra (South-West).

117. Which one of the following rivers flows through the Shipki La Pass ?

Which one of the following rivers flows through the Shipki La Pass ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Ravi” option2=”Jhelum” option3=”Beas” option4=”Satluj” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D. The Satluj (Sutlej) River enters India from Tibet through the Shipki La pass in Himachal Pradesh.
Shipki La is a mountain pass connecting India (Himachal Pradesh) with Tibet (China).
The Satluj is one of the major rivers of the Indus River System. It originates in Tibet and flows through Shipki La to enter India. The Ravi, Jhelum, and Beas rivers also flow through Himachal Pradesh or nearby regions but do not enter India through Shipki La.

118. Which one of the following river valleys is associated with the produc

Which one of the following river valleys is associated with the production of coal ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Sone” option2=”Alaknanda” option3=”Chambal” option4=”Yamuna” correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A. The Sone River valley (part of the Son-Mahanadi coalfield) is well-known for significant coal deposits in India, particularly in areas like Singrauli and Sohagpur.
Coal deposits in India are primarily concentrated in river valleys, particularly those of the Gondwana system.
Major coal-producing river valleys in India include the Damodar Valley, Mahanadi Valley, Son Valley, Godavari Valley, and Wardha Valley. The Alaknanda, Chambal, and Yamuna river valleys are not significant coal-producing regions.

119. Tropic of Capricorn passes through which one of the following countrie

Tropic of Capricorn passes through which one of the following countries ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Bolivia” option2=”Botswana” option3=”Zimbabwe” option4=”Uruguay” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B. The Tropic of Capricorn (approximately 23.5° South latitude) passes through Botswana.
The Tropic of Capricorn passes through several countries in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Tropic of Capricorn passes through Chile, Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar, and Australia. Bolivia, Zimbabwe, and Uruguay are located outside or on the edge of this latitudinal line (Bolivia and Zimbabwe are north, Uruguay is south).

120. Which of the following are called the ‘Ports of Call’ ?

Which of the following are called the ‘Ports of Call’ ?

[amp_mcq option1=”These ports have only strategic importance” option2=”Ports where goods are brought for export from different countries” option3=”Ports where ships used to anchor for refuelling” option4=”Ports which are exclusively concerned with transportation of passengers” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C. Ports of Call are defined as intermediate ports where ships stop primarily for refuelling, taking on provisions, or minor repairs during a voyage, rather than for loading or unloading cargo extensively.
The term ‘Ports of Call’ refers to transit points for ships on long journeys.
Other types of ports include: ‘Ports of Refuge’ (for sheltering from storms), ‘Entrepot Ports’ (where goods are imported, sorted, and re-exported), ‘Container Ports’, ‘Oil Ports’, etc. Option B describes Entrepot ports.
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