Which of the following statements about Amaranayakas of Vijayanagara are correct?
- 1. The Amaranayakas were military commanders who were given territories to govern by the Raya.
- 2. In lieu of their service and also to maintain their contingents, they were paid in cash.
- 3. They maintained stipulated contingents and elephants.
- 4. They used to send tribute to the king annually and personally appeared in the royal court with gifts to express their loyalty.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 3 only” option2=”1, 3 and 4 only” option3=”2 and 4 only” option4=”1, 2, 3 and 4″ correct=”option2″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2021
Statement 2 is incorrect: The Amaranayakas were primarily paid not in cash, but through the revenue collected from the territories granted to them. They were allowed to retain a portion of the revenue to maintain their contingents and for their personal expenses, while the rest was due to the king as tribute.
Statement 3 is correct: A major obligation of the Amaranayakas was to maintain a stipulated number of soldiers, horses, and elephants ready for service to the king.
Statement 4 is correct: The Amaranayakas were required to send tribute to the king annually from the revenue of their amaram lands and personally appear in the royal court with gifts to demonstrate their loyalty and allegiance.
– Amaranayakas were military chiefs or governors under the Vijayanagara rule.
– They were granted land (amaram) for their services.
– Their pay was primarily through revenue from the granted land, not cash.
– They maintained troops and were obliged to render military service to the king.
– They paid annual tribute and presented gifts to the king.
Which of the following statements about Akbar are correct?
- 1. In 1560s, Akbar had the Fort of Agra constructed.
- 2. In 1570s, Akbar decided to build a new capital at Fatehpur Sikri.
- 3. Akbar also commissioned a white marble tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti at Sikri.
- 4. In 1585, Akbar decided to shift the capital back to Agra.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 4″ option2=”1, 2 and 3″ option3=”2, 3 and 4″ option4=”3 and 4 only” correct=”option2″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2021
Statement 2 is correct: In the 1570s, specifically after the birth of his son Jahangir (in 1569) and the victory over Gujarat, Akbar decided to build a new capital city at Fatehpur Sikri, near the khanqah of Shaikh Salim Chishti. Construction was largely completed by the mid-1570s.
Statement 3 is correct: Akbar commissioned the construction of the tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti at Fatehpur Sikri. While the original tomb was likely sandstone, it was later encased in white marble by Akbar himself, and the entire complex is a significant part of Fatehpur Sikri.
Statement 4 is incorrect: Akbar shifted his capital from Fatehpur Sikri to Lahore in 1585 to oversee the frontier in the northwest and respond to the Yusufzai rebellion. He remained in Lahore until 1598, only returning to Agra later.
– Akbar initiated construction of Agra Fort in the 1560s.
– Fatehpur Sikri was built as a new capital in the 1570s.
– The marble tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti is located at Fatehpur Sikri and was commissioned by Akbar.
– Akbar moved his capital to Lahore in 1585, not back to Agra.
In which one of the following soils, the salt content is so high that common salt is obtained by evaporating the saline water in some areas?
[amp_mcq option1=”Peaty soil” option2=”Alluvial soil” option3=”Laterite soil” option4=”Arid soil” correct=”option4″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2021
– Arid soils are found in dry climates.
– High evaporation in arid regions leads to salt accumulation on the surface.
– Saline arid soils can be a source of common salt through evaporation.
Which of the following statements about tropical rain forests are correct?
- 1. The soils of tropical rain forests are quite infertile.
- 2. The vegetation is evergreen, enabling photosynthesis to take place year around.
- 3. They have been described as ‘deserts covered by trees’.
- 4. They are most productive land-based ecosystem.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
[amp_mcq option1=”2 and 4 only” option2=”1, 3 and 4 only” option3=”1, 2 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2, 3 and 4″ correct=”option4″]
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2021
Let’s examine each statement:
1. The soils of tropical rain forests are quite infertile: Correct. High rainfall leads to rapid leaching of nutrients. Rapid decomposition returns nutrients, but they are quickly absorbed by the dense vegetation, leaving the soil itself poor in nutrients, especially mineral nutrients.
2. The vegetation is evergreen, enabling photosynthesis to take place year around: Correct. Tropical rainforests experience high temperatures and rainfall throughout the year, supporting continuous growth and photosynthesis, resulting in evergreen forests.
3. They have been described as ‘deserts covered by trees’: Correct. This phrase highlights the paradox of incredibly lush vegetation growing on nutrient-poor soil, contrasting the high biomass with the low soil fertility, much like how a desert is characterized by poor soil although it lacks the trees.
4. They are most productive land-based ecosystem: Correct. Due to favorable conditions of high sunlight, temperature, and water availability year-round, tropical rainforests exhibit the highest rates of primary productivity among all terrestrial ecosystems.
All four statements accurately describe characteristics of tropical rain forests.