2021 Archives

271. The heaviest rocks, which are rolled along the river bed in river tran

The heaviest rocks, which are rolled along the river bed in river transport, come under which type of load?

[amp_mcq option1=”Solution load” option2=”Suspension load” option3=”Saltation load” option4=”Traction load” correct=”option4″]

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The heaviest rocks rolled along the river bed come under traction load.

Traction load refers to the largest and heaviest sediment particles transported by a river, which are moved by being rolled or dragged along the river bed.

River load transport mechanisms include:
– **Solution load:** Dissolved material carried within the water.
– **Suspension load:** Fine particles like clay and silt held up and carried within the main flow of water.
– **Saltation load:** Medium-sized particles like sand and gravel that move by bouncing or hopping along the bed.
– **Traction load:** Coarsest and heaviest material like pebbles, cobbles, and boulders that are rolled or slid along the river bed by the force of the water.
The description “heaviest rocks, which are rolled along the river bed” directly matches the definition of traction load.

272. Which one of the following is not a desert river?

Which one of the following is not a desert river?

[amp_mcq option1=”Barak” option2=”Rupen” option3=”Banas” option4=”Machchhu” correct=”option1″]

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Barak River is not a desert river.

Desert rivers are typically associated with arid or semi-arid regions, often characterized by ephemeral flow or inland drainage. The Barak River flows through the humid regions of Northeast India and Bangladesh.

The Barak River is a significant river flowing through parts of Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, and Bangladesh. It forms part of the Surma-Meghna River system, which is a major river system in Bangladesh. This region is known for its high rainfall and humid climate, making the Barak River system completely different from rivers found in desert or semi-arid environments. The Rupen, Banas, and Machchhu rivers flow through or originate in the drier or semi-arid regions of Rajasthan and Gujarat, often terminating in inland drainage systems like the Rann of Kutch, which are characteristic of arid environments.

273. Which one of the following is the only riverine major port in India?

Which one of the following is the only riverine major port in India?

[amp_mcq option1=”Mormugao” option2=”Deendayal” option3=”Kolkata” option4=”Paradip” correct=”option3″]

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Kolkata Port is the only riverine major port in India.

A riverine port is located on a river rather than a sea coast. Among India’s major ports, Kolkata Port is situated on the Hooghly River, making it a riverine port.

Kolkata Port is located on the left bank of the Hooghly River, about 126 km inland from the Bay of Bengal. It includes the Kolkata Dock System (KDS) and the Haldia Dock Complex (HDC). Mormugao, Deendayal (Kandla), and Paradip are coastal ports, although Mormugao is at the mouth of a river estuary. Kolkata’s location significantly inland on the Hooghly makes it uniquely classified as a major riverine port.

274. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List-I (Tributary)	List-II (River)
A. Sutlej	1. Yamuna
B. Kosi	2. Brahmaputra
C. Teesta	3. Ganga
D. Chambal	4. Indus

[amp_mcq option1=”A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4″ option2=”A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4″ option3=”A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1″ option4=”A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1″ correct=”option3″]

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The correct match is A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1.

Understanding the major river systems of India and their key tributaries is essential for geography.

A. Sutlej is a major tributary of the Indus River. It originates in Tibet and flows through Himachal Pradesh and Punjab before entering Pakistan and joining the Chenab, which ultimately joins the Indus River. (A-4)
B. Kosi River originates in Nepal and joins the Ganga River in Bihar. It is known as the “Sorrow of Bihar” due to frequent floods. (B-3)
C. Teesta River flows through Sikkim and West Bengal in India and then through Bangladesh before joining the Brahmaputra River. (C-2)
D. Chambal River originates in Madhya Pradesh and flows through Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna River, which is a major tributary of the Ganga River. (D-1)
Matching the lists gives: A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1. This corresponds to Option C.

275. In India, Cardamom Hills are regarded as a continuation of the

In India, Cardamom Hills are regarded as a continuation of the

[amp_mcq option1=”Eastern Ghats” option2=”Mizo Hills” option3=”Naga Hills” option4=”Western Ghats” correct=”option4″]

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Cardamom Hills are regarded as a continuation of the Western Ghats.

The Cardamom Hills (Yelamalai) are located in the southern section of the Western Ghats in South India.

The Western Ghats is a mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the eight “hottest hot spots” of biological diversity in the world. The Cardamom Hills form the southern extent of this range, located in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. They are named after the cardamom spice grown there. Other important ranges in the Western Ghats include the Anaimalai Hills, Nilgiri Hills, and Palani Hills.

276. If 35% of a number is 416 more than 27% of the same number, then the n

If 35% of a number is 416 more than 27% of the same number, then the number is

[amp_mcq option1=”5200″ option2=”2600″ option3=”3900″ option4=”3328″ correct=”option1″]

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The number is 5200.

Translate the word problem into an algebraic equation involving percentages of an unknown number.

Let the number be N.
35% of the number = 0.35 * N
27% of the number = 0.27 * N
The problem states that 35% of the number is 416 more than 27% of the same number.
So, 0.35N = 0.27N + 416
Subtract 0.27N from both sides:
0.35N – 0.27N = 416
0.08N = 416
To find N, divide 416 by 0.08:
N = 416 / 0.08
N = 416 / (8/100)
N = 416 * (100/8)
N = (416/8) * 100
N = 52 * 100
N = 5200
The number is 5200.

277. How much water is to be added to 75 ml of alcohol so that the mixture

How much water is to be added to 75 ml of alcohol so that the mixture contains 25% of alcohol?

[amp_mcq option1=”100 ml” option2=”225 ml” option3=”250 ml” option4=”125 ml” correct=”option2″]

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225 ml of water is to be added to the alcohol.

To achieve a target percentage of a component in a mixture, set up an equation where the amount of the component divided by the total volume of the mixture equals the target percentage (as a decimal).

Initial amount of alcohol = 75 ml.
The initial mixture is pure alcohol, so it contains 75 ml of alcohol and 0 ml of water, with a total volume of 75 ml.
Let ‘x’ be the amount of water added in ml.
After adding ‘x’ ml of water, the amount of alcohol remains 75 ml, and the total volume of the mixture becomes (75 + x) ml.
The target is for the mixture to contain 25% alcohol.
Percentage of alcohol = (Amount of alcohol / Total volume of mixture) * 100
25 = (75 / (75 + x)) * 100
Dividing both sides by 100:
0.25 = 75 / (75 + x)
Multiply both sides by (75 + x):
0.25 * (75 + x) = 75
18.75 + 0.25x = 75
Subtract 18.75 from both sides:
0.25x = 75 – 18.75
0.25x = 56.25
Divide by 0.25:
x = 56.25 / 0.25
x = 5625 / 25
x = 225
Therefore, 225 ml of water must be added.

278. The difference of compound interest and simple interest of a sum of mo

The difference of compound interest and simple interest of a sum of money at the rate of 5% per year for 2 years is ₹250. The sum is

[amp_mcq option1=”₹1,00,000″ option2=”₹80,000″ option3=”₹40,000″ option4=”₹1,20,000″ correct=”option1″]

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The principal sum of money is ₹1,00,000.

The difference between compound interest (CI) and simple interest (SI) for a sum P at rate R% per annum for 2 years is given by the formula: CI – SI = P * (R/100)^2.

Given:
Rate (R) = 5% per year
Time (T) = 2 years
Difference (CI – SI) = ₹250
Let the sum be P.
Using the formula: CI – SI = P * (R/100)^2
250 = P * (5/100)^2
250 = P * (1/20)^2
250 = P * (1/400)
P = 250 * 400
P = 1,00,000
Thus, the sum is ₹1,00,000.

279. A shopkeeper gives two consecutive discounts of 10% and 5% respectivel

A shopkeeper gives two consecutive discounts of 10% and 5% respectively on his items. He then adds 20% GST on his items. If an item has marked price ₹2,000, how much more or less of the actual price of the item a customer has to pay?

[amp_mcq option1=”2·6% less” option2=”2·6% more” option3=”Same price” option4=”5·2% more” correct=”option2″]

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The customer has to pay 2.6% more than the marked price.

To calculate the final price, apply consecutive discounts first to the marked price, and then add the GST to the discounted price. Compare this final price to the original marked price.

Marked Price = ₹2,000.
Price after 1st discount (10%): ₹2000 * (1 – 0.10) = ₹2000 * 0.90 = ₹1800.
Price after 2nd discount (5%): ₹1800 * (1 – 0.05) = ₹1800 * 0.95 = ₹1710. This is the price before GST.
Price after adding 20% GST: ₹1710 * (1 + 0.20) = ₹1710 * 1.20 = ₹2052.
The final price paid by the customer is ₹2052.
The original marked price was ₹2000.
Difference = Final Price – Marked Price = ₹2052 – ₹2000 = ₹52.
The customer pays ₹52 more.
Percentage difference = (Difference / Marked Price) * 100 = (52 / 2000) * 100 = (52/20) = 2.6%.
The customer pays 2.6% more than the actual (marked) price.

280. Which one of the following statements with regard to Maneka Gandhi vs.

Which one of the following statements with regard to Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India case, 1978 is not correct?

[amp_mcq option1=”It was held that Article 19 and Article 21 are not watertight compartments.” option2=”It was held that a law coming under Article 21 may not satisfy the requirements of Article 19.” option3=”A fair trial eliminates the biases against the accused in the trial.” option4=”The right to life under Article 21 does not include the right to die.” correct=”option2″]

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The Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India case (1978) is a landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India that significantly expanded the scope and interpretation of fundamental rights, particularly Articles 14, 19, and 21.
A) It was held that Article 19 and Article 21 are not watertight compartments: This is correct. The court held that the fundamental rights are not isolated but form an integrated scheme. Any law that restricts personal liberty under Article 21 must also satisfy the requirements of Article 19 (where applicable) and Article 14.
B) It was held that a law coming under Article 21 may not satisfy the requirements of Article 19: This is incorrect. The judgment precisely held the opposite. The ‘procedure established by law’ under Article 21 must be fair, just, and reasonable, and it must also pass the test of the freedoms guaranteed under Article 19 (like freedom of movement if a passport is impounded) and the equality principle under Article 14.
C) A fair trial eliminates the biases against the accused in the trial: While the case primarily dealt with passport impoundment, the broader impact of the judgment was to introduce the concept of procedural due process into Article 21. Fair trial is a core component of a just and reasonable procedure, aiming to eliminate biases. This statement reflects the spirit of the expanded interpretation of Article 21, although not the direct context of passport impoundment.
D) The right to life under Article 21 does not include the right to die: This is correct. The Supreme Court has consistently held that the right to life under Article 21 does not extend to the right to commit suicide or the right to die.
Since the question asks for the statement that is *not* correct, option B is the answer.

– Maneka Gandhi case expanded the interpretation of Article 21.
– It established the interconnectedness of Articles 14, 19, and 21.
– Procedure under Article 21 must be ‘fair, just, and reasonable’.
– A law under Article 21 must also satisfy the requirements of Article 19 and 14.

The Maneka Gandhi case overruled the earlier A.K. Gopalan vs. State of Madras case (1950), which had interpreted Article 21 narrowly, holding that ‘procedure established by law’ meant only the procedure laid down by a statute, without requiring it to be just or reasonable. The Maneka Gandhi case imported the concept of ‘due process of law’ into the Indian Constitution by interpreting ‘procedure established by law’ to mean a fair, just, and reasonable procedure.