2021-22

71. The distribution of powers between the Union and States in the Constit

The distribution of powers between the Union and States in the Constitution of India is based on the recommendations of which one of the following Commissions ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Justice Verma Commission” option2=”Rajamannar Commission” option3=”Fazal Ali Commission” option4=”Venkatachaliah Commission” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) Rajamannar Commission.
The Rajamannar Commission was appointed by the Government of Tamil Nadu in 1969 to examine the Centre-State relations in India and suggest changes. The Commission made extensive recommendations regarding the distribution of powers, advocating for increased autonomy for the states. While the original distribution of powers in the Indian Constitution is largely based on the Government of India Act, 1935, among the options provided, the Rajamannar Commission is the one most prominently associated with studying and recommending changes to the distribution of powers between the Union and the States.
The Fazal Ali Commission was the States Reorganisation Commission (1953), which dealt with the reorganisation of states based on linguistic lines. The Justice Verma Commission dealt with criminal law amendments. The Venkatachaliah Commission was the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (2000), which also reviewed Centre-State relations among other aspects.

72. In India, the power to levy and collect taxes is divided between the C

In India, the power to levy and collect taxes is divided between the Central and State Governments. This division is provided under which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 246″ option2=”Article 268″ option3=”Article 270″ option4=”Article 275″ correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A) Article 246.
Article 246 of the Constitution of India distributes the legislative powers between the Union and the States by allocating subjects into three lists: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List, found in the Seventh Schedule. This division includes the power to levy taxes, with specific entries for taxation under each list. Parliament has exclusive power to legislate on matters in the Union List, including taxes mentioned therein. State Legislatures have exclusive power to legislate on matters in the State List, including taxes mentioned therein. The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both can legislate, but there are no entries for taxes in the Concurrent List; taxing power is exclusively divided between the Union and State Lists.
Article 268 deals with duties levied by the Union but collected and appropriated by the States. Article 270 deals with taxes levied and collected by the Union but distributed between the Union and the States. Article 275 deals with grants from the Union to certain States. While these articles relate to the distribution of tax *revenues*, Article 246, read with the Seventh Schedule, defines the fundamental *division of legislative power* to levy and collect taxes based on subject matter.

73. The phrase “We, the people of India” in the Preamble of the Constituti

The phrase “We, the people of India” in the Preamble of the Constitution of India signifies

[amp_mcq option1=”Socialist principles” option2=”Democratic principles” option3=”Secular principles” option4=”Sovereign power of the people” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D) Sovereign power of the people.
The opening phrase “We, the people of India” in the Preamble signifies that the ultimate source of the Constitution’s authority is the people of India. It asserts the popular sovereignty, meaning the power rests with the citizens of India, and the Constitution is adopted and enacted by the people themselves, not by an external power or a monarch.
– The Preamble also declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
– While the phrase “We, the people of India” is foundational to the democratic principles (B), its primary significance is establishing the source of authority and thus the sovereignty of the people.
– Socialist (A) and Secular (C) principles are specific ideals mentioned later in the Preamble, not directly derived from the opening phrase about the source of authority.

74. The procedure for the amendment of the Constitution is detailed in whi

The procedure for the amendment of the Constitution is detailed in which part of the Constitution of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Part II” option2=”Part XIV” option3=”Part XX” option4=”Part XXI” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) Part XX.
The procedure for the amendment of the Constitution is detailed in Article 368, which is contained in Part XX of the Constitution of India.
– Part II of the Constitution deals with Citizenship (Articles 5 to 11).
– Part XIV deals with Services under the Union and the States (Articles 308 to 323).
– Part XXI deals with Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions (Articles 369 to 392).

75. In the context of the Constitution of India, “Double Jeopardy” means

In the context of the Constitution of India, “Double Jeopardy” means

[amp_mcq option1=”a person cannot be tried twice for the same offence” option2=”a person cannot be arrested without a warrant” option3=”a person cannot be deprived of his property without compensation” option4=”a person cannot be forced to be a witness against himself” correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A) a person cannot be tried twice for the same offence.
“Double Jeopardy” is a legal principle enshrined in Article 20(2) of the Constitution of India. It provides that “No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence more than once.” This protection is available against proceedings before a court of law or a judicial tribunal.
– Option B relates to procedural requirements for arrest, which are primarily covered under the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC).
– Option C relates to the right to property, which is no longer a fundamental right but a legal right under Article 300A.
– Option D refers to the protection against self-incrimination, which is guaranteed under Article 20(3) of the Constitution (“No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself”).

76. Which one of the following amendments to the Constitution of India int

Which one of the following amendments to the Constitution of India introduced the concept of “Constitutional bodies” ?

[amp_mcq option1=”42nd Amendment” option2=”73rd Amendment” option3=”89th Amendment” option4=”97th Amendment” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) 89th Amendment.
The question is somewhat ambiguously phrased as the concept of ‘Constitutional bodies’ (bodies established by the Constitution) existed from the beginning. However, among the options, the 89th Amendment Act, 2003, specifically established the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) as a separate constitutional body by amending Article 338 and inserting Article 338A. Prior to this, there was a combined National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This amendment clearly created a new, distinct national-level constitutional commission.
– The 42nd Amendment (1976) is known as the ‘Mini-Constitution’ but did not introduce the *concept* of constitutional bodies, although it made significant changes to the Constitution.
– The 73rd Amendment (1992) gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj institutions and led to the constitutional mandate for State Election Commissions and State Finance Commissions. While these are constitutional bodies, the 89th amendment’s creation of a separate National Commission for STs is a direct establishment of a national-level commission by amendment.
– The 97th Amendment (2011) gave constitutional status to Co-operative Societies but did not create a constitutional commission or authority in the same sense as others.
– Considering the options, the 89th amendment is a clear example of establishing a new constitutional body (NCST) through amendment, making it a strong candidate for the intended answer despite the questionable phrasing of the question.

77. The National Commission for Women was set up as a statutory body in

The National Commission for Women was set up as a statutory body in

[amp_mcq option1=”January 1990″ option2=”January 1992″ option3=”April 1990″ option4=”April 1992″ correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) January 1992.
The National Commission for Women (NCW) was set up as a statutory body under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990. Although the Act was passed in 1990, the Commission was actually constituted and started functioning in January 1992.
– The National Commission for Women Act, 1990 (Act No. 20 of 1990) received presidential assent on 30th August 1990.
– The first Commission was constituted on 31st January 1992 with Mrs. Jayanti Patnaik as its first Chairperson.
– As a statutory body, the NCW derives its powers and mandate from the Act passed by Parliament, unlike a constitutional body which is established by the Constitution itself.

78. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India allow

Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India allows the President to seek advice from the Supreme Court on any matter of public importance ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 139″ option2=”Article 143″ option3=”Article 148″ option4=”Article 150″ correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) Article 143.
Article 143 of the Constitution of India empowers the President to consult the Supreme Court. The President can seek the opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law or fact of public importance. The Supreme Court may give its opinion or refuse to do so, except in cases referred under the first clause of Article 143 (disputes arising out of pre-Constitution treaties).
– Article 139 deals with the conferment on the Supreme Court of powers to issue certain writs (Parliament can enlarge the writ jurisdiction).
– Article 148 deals with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
– Article 150 deals with the form of accounts of the Union and of the States.

79. The concept of “Equal pay for equal work” is enshrined in which one of

The concept of “Equal pay for equal work” is enshrined in which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 14″ option2=”Article 39(d)” option3=”Article 19″ option4=”Article 21(a)” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) Article 39(d).
The concept of “Equal pay for equal work for both men and women” is explicitly enshrined as a Directive Principle of State Policy under Article 39(d) in Part IV of the Constitution of India.
– Article 14 guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws, a fundamental right under Part III, which provides a general framework for equality but does not specifically mandate “equal pay for equal work”.
– Article 19 guarantees fundamental freedoms like freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.
– Article 21(a) guarantees the right to elementary education.
– While “equal pay for equal work” is a DPSP, the Supreme Court has held that it is a constitutional goal and can be enforced through Articles 14 and 16 (equality of opportunity in public employment).

80. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India deals

Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India deals with the appointment and tenure of the Attorney General of India ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 76″ option2=”Article 88″ option3=”Article 91″ option4=”Article 94″ correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A) Article 76.
Article 76 of the Constitution of India deals with the office of the Attorney-General for India. It provides for the appointment of the Attorney General by the President, defines his duties as the chief legal advisor to the Government of India, and states that he holds office during the pleasure of the President.
– Article 88 deals with the rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses of Parliament. It grants the Attorney General the right to speak and take part in the proceedings of either House of Parliament, joint sittings, and any committee of Parliament of which he may be named a member, but without the right to vote.
– Articles 91 and 94 are related to the officers of Parliament (Deputy Chairman and Speaker/Deputy Speaker respectively).
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