2021-22

51. Which one of the following terms refers to the difference between a co

Which one of the following terms refers to the difference between a country’s total exports and total imports ?

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Fiscal deficit
Current account deficit
Trade deficit
Budget deficit
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The difference between a country’s total exports and total imports of goods is known as the Trade Balance. When imports exceed exports, it results in a Trade Deficit. The question specifically asks for the difference, which, when imports are greater than exports, is called a trade deficit.
Trade Balance = Value of Exports – Value of Imports. A Trade Deficit occurs when Imports > Exports.
Fiscal Deficit is the difference between the government’s total expenditure and its total revenue (excluding borrowings). Current Account Deficit is a broader measure that includes the balance of trade in goods and services, as well as net income and net transfers. Budget Deficit is the difference between government expenditure and government receipts.

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52. The “Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan” focuses on improving the qua

The “Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan” focuses on improving the quality of

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Higher education
Secondary education
Primary education
Technical education
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The “Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan” (RMSA) was a centrally sponsored scheme launched in 2009 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (now Ministry of Education) in India. Its primary objective was to enhance access to secondary education and improve its quality. The term “Madhyamik” in Hindi directly translates to “Secondary”.
The scheme specifically targeted the secondary level of education (classes IX and X).
RMSA aimed at universalizing secondary education and focused on improving enrollment, retention, and learning outcomes in secondary schools. It was later subsumed under the integrated scheme Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan in 2018.

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53. The “Swadesh Darshan” scheme focuses on the development of

The “Swadesh Darshan” scheme focuses on the development of

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Smart cities
Heritage cities
Religious tourism circuits
Industrial corridors
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The “Swadesh Darshan” scheme focuses on the integrated development of theme-based tourist circuits. While it covers various themes, religious tourism circuits are a significant component.
Launched by the Ministry of Tourism, the Swadesh Darshan scheme aims to develop high-quality tourist infrastructure in the country. The scheme identifies various thematic circuits for development, such as the Buddhist Circuit, Coastal Circuit, Desert Circuit, Eco Circuit, Heritage Circuit, Himalayan Circuit, Krishna Circuit, North East Circuit, Pilgrim Circuit, Rural Circuit, Spiritual Circuit, Sufi Circuit, Tribal Circuit, and Wildlife Circuit. The development of religious tourism circuits is explicitly a part of this scheme (e.g., Pilgrim Circuit, Spiritual Circuit, Krishna Circuit, Sufi Circuit, Buddhist Circuit).
Options A, B, and D are related to different government schemes: Smart Cities Mission (urban development), HRIDAY scheme (Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana) focused on specific heritage cities, and Industrial Corridors (infrastructure development for manufacturing). Swadesh Darshan is specifically focused on developing tourism infrastructure along predefined thematic circuits, and religious circuits are a major part of this focus.

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54. The “National Food Security Act” aims to provide subsidized food grain

The “National Food Security Act” aims to provide subsidized food grains to what percentage of the rural population ?

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50%
60%
75%
90%
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The National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013, aims to provide subsidized food grains to up to 75% of the rural population.
The NFSA, 2013, legally entitles up to 75% of the rural population and up to 50% of the urban population to receive subsidized food grains under the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS). The eligible persons are entitled to receive 5 kg of food grains per person per month at subsidized prices: Rs. 3 per kg for rice, Rs. 2 per kg for wheat, and Re. 1 per kg for coarse grains.
The Act shifts the approach to food security from welfare to rights-based. It also includes provisions for nutritional support to pregnant women and lactating mothers and children, as well as food security allowance in case of non-supply of entitled foodgrains.

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55. The “Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana” focuses on

The “Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana” focuses on

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Providing broadband connectivity in rural areas
Rural electrification
Skill development in villages
Connecting rural areas with all-weather roads
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The “Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana” (PMGSY) focuses on connecting eligible unconnected rural habitations with all-weather roads.
Launched in December 2000, PMGSY is a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing good all-weather road connectivity to unconnected villages in rural areas of India. Its primary objective is to build new roads and upgrade existing ones to ensure seamless connectivity.
While related to rural infrastructure, PMGSY specifically targets road connectivity. Schemes like BharatNet (broadband), Saubhagya (electrification), and various skill development programs address the other areas mentioned in the options, but PMGSY’s core focus is rural roads.

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56. The “Smart Cities Mission” was launched to promote the development of

The “Smart Cities Mission” was launched to promote the development of 100 smart cities with

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Advanced healthcare facilities
Sustainable and citizen-friendly infrastructure
World-class educational institutions
State-of-the-art transportation systems
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The “Smart Cities Mission” was launched to promote the development of smart cities with sustainable and citizen-friendly infrastructure.
The mission aims to improve the quality of life in urban areas by enabling local area development and harnessing technology. It focuses on developing ‘core infrastructure’ services such as adequate water supply, assured electricity supply, sanitation, including solid waste management, efficient urban mobility and public transport, affordable housing, safety and security, green initiatives, and applying ‘Smart Solutions’ to make these services and infrastructure more sustainable and citizen-friendly.
The concept of a ‘smart city’ goes beyond just advanced healthcare, educational institutions, or transportation systems in isolation. It envisages comprehensive development that combines physical infrastructure with IT and communication technology to improve efficiency, sustainability, and the quality of life for residents. Option B best encapsulates this multi-faceted goal.

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57. If a person occupies a public office illegally, which one of the follo

If a person occupies a public office illegally, which one of the following writs/orders can be issued against him/her for getting the office vacated ?

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Quo warranto
Prohibition
Certiorari
Permanent injunction
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If a person occupies a public office illegally, the writ of Quo Warranto can be issued to challenge their claim to the office and get it vacated.
The writ of Quo Warranto (meaning “by what authority”) is issued by a court to inquire into the legality of the claim of a person to a public office. It is used to prevent illegal usurpation of a public office by a person. If the court finds that the person is not legally entitled to the office, it can issue an order to remove them from office.
Prohibition and Certiorari are writs issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal, dealing with their jurisdiction. Prohibition is preventative (to stop exceeding jurisdiction), while Certiorari is curative (to quash an order made in excess of jurisdiction). Permanent injunction is a remedy issued by civil courts, usually to restrain someone from doing a specific act.

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58. Who among the following has the power to summon a joint sitting of bot

Who among the following has the power to summon a joint sitting of both the Houses of Parliament in India ?

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President of India
Prime Minister of India
Minister of Home Affairs of India
Vice President of India
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The power to summon a joint sitting of both Houses of Parliament is vested in the President of India.
Article 108 of the Constitution provides for a joint sitting of both Houses in certain cases of disagreement between the two Houses on a Bill. The President may, unless the Bill has elapsed by reason of a dissolution of the House of the People, notify to the Houses by message or by public notification his intention to summon them to meet in a joint sitting for the purpose of deliberating and voting on the Bill.
The joint sitting is presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, or in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha, or in his absence, by the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Vice-President) does not preside over a joint sitting. The Prime Minister or Home Minister do not have the power to summon a joint sitting.

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59. The system of “Proportional Representation by Means of the Single Tran

The system of “Proportional Representation by Means of the Single Transferable Vote” is used for the election of

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President of India
Members of the Lok Sabha
Members of the Rajya Sabha
Members of the Legislative Councils
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The system of “Proportional Representation by Means of the Single Transferable Vote” is used for the election of the President of India.
Article 55(3) of the Constitution specifies that the election of the President shall be held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote and the voting at such election shall be by secret ballot.
This system is also used for the election of members of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies (Article 80(4)) and for the election of members of the State Legislative Councils (where they exist) from certain constituencies (Article 171(4)). However, among the given options, the election of the President is a prominent and significant example of the use of this system at the national level for a single office. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected directly from territorial constituencies based on the principle of adult suffrage.

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60. Which fundamental right is not guaranteed under the Constitution of

Which fundamental right is not guaranteed under the Constitution of India to the majority, but is guaranteed to the minorities ?

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Right under Article 15
Right under Article 19
Right under Article 25
Right under Article 30
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Among the options provided, Article 30 is a fundamental right specifically guaranteed to minorities.
Article 30(1) states that “All minorities, whether based on religion or language, shall have the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.” This right is uniquely available to minorities to preserve their culture and identity through educational institutions.
Article 15 (Prohibition of discrimination), Article 19 (Protection of certain rights regarding freedom, etc.), and Article 25 (Freedom of religion) are fundamental rights available to all citizens or persons, not exclusively to minorities. While these rights also protect minorities, they are not rights that the majority *does not* possess. Article 30, however, is a right conferred specifically on minorities, not the majority community.

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