Which one of the following is *not* a vector image format ?
CGM
PNG
SVG
SWF
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2020
12. Which one of the following languages is interpreter ?
Which one of the following languages is interpreter ?
FORTRAN
Pascal
Python
C++
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13. Convert F(A, B, C) = (A + $\bar{B}$) ($\bar{B}$ + C) into canonical Pr
Convert F(A, B, C) = (A + $\bar{B}$) ($\bar{B}$ + C) into canonical Product of Sum form.
(A + B + C) (A + B + $ar{C}$) (A + $ar{B}$ + C)
(A + B + C) ($ar{A}$ + B + $ar{C}$) ($ar{A}$ + $ar{B}$ + $ar{C}$)
(A + $ar{B}$ + C) (A + $ar{B}$ + $ar{C}$) ($ar{A}$ + B + $ar{C}$)
(A + B + $ar{C}$) ($ar{A}$ + $ar{B}$ + $ar{C}$) (A + $ar{B}$ + C)
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The given function is $F(A, B, C) = (A + \bar{B}) (\bar{B} + C)$.
We can find the minterms where F is 0 by finding where $(A + \bar{B})=0$ OR $(\bar{B} + C)=0$.
$(A + \bar{B}) = 0$ if and only if $A=0$ AND $\bar{B}=0$, which means $A=0$ and $B=1$. For three variables, this corresponds to minterms 010 ($m_2$) and 011 ($m_3$).
$(\bar{B} + C) = 0$ if and only if $\bar{B}=0$ AND $C=0$, which means $B=1$ and $C=0$. For three variables, this corresponds to minterms 010 ($m_2$) and 110 ($m_6$).
So, F=0 for the union of these minterms: $\{m_2, m_3\} \cup \{m_2, m_6\} = \{m_2, m_3, m_6\}$.
The canonical POS form is the product of the corresponding maxterms $M_2, M_3, M_6$.
The maxterm $M_i$ corresponds to the binary representation of $i$, where a 0 corresponds to the uncomplemented variable and a 1 corresponds to the complemented variable in the sum term.
$M_2$ from 010: $(A + \bar{B} + C)$
$M_3$ from 011: $(A + \bar{B} + \bar{C})$
$M_6$ from 110: $(\bar{A} + \bar{B} + C)$
The canonical POS form is $(A + \bar{B} + C)(A + \bar{B} + \bar{C})(\bar{A} + \bar{B} + C)$.
Comparing this derived form to the options, Option C is $(A + \bar{B} + C) (A + \bar{B} + \bar{C}) (\bar{A} + B + \bar{C})$.
Option C has the first two terms correct (M2 and M3). However, the third term in Option C is $(\bar{A} + B + \bar{C})$, which is $M_5$ (from 101). The correct third term should be $(\bar{A} + \bar{B} + C)$, which is $M_6$ (from 110).
There appears to be an error in the provided options as none exactly matches the derived canonical POS form. However, option C contains two out of the three correct maxterms and is the closest match structurally. Assuming a likely typo in the third term of Option C, it is the most probable intended answer.
– Maxterms correspond to the minterms where the function is 0.
– For a variable in a maxterm, it is uncomplemented if its value is 0 in the corresponding minterm binary representation, and complemented if its value is 1.
14. Which OSI layer is *not* part of TCP/IP model ?
Which OSI layer is *not* part of TCP/IP model ?
Application layer
Session layer
Network layer
Physical layer
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The TCP/IP model is typically described with four layers: Network Interface (or Link), Internet, Transport, and Application. Sometimes a five-layer model is used, splitting the Network Interface layer into Physical and Data Link.
Comparing the models:
– OSI Physical and Data Link correspond to TCP/IP Network Interface/Link (or Physical and Data Link).
– OSI Network corresponds to TCP/IP Internet.
– OSI Transport corresponds to TCP/IP Transport.
– OSI Application corresponds to TCP/IP Application, but the TCP/IP Application layer encompasses the functions of the OSI Session, Presentation, and Application layers.
The OSI Session layer and Presentation layer do not have distinct corresponding layers in the standard TCP/IP model; their functions are integrated into other layers (primarily the Application layer). Among the options provided, the Session layer is the one from the OSI model that is not a separate layer in the TCP/IP model.
– TCP/IP combines functions of some OSI layers into its own layers.
– OSI Session and Presentation layers are not distinct layers in the TCP/IP model.
15. On which storage device is track pattern spiral ?
On which storage device is track pattern spiral ?
Magnetic disk
Optical disk
Floppy disk
Pendrive
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Magnetic disks (like HDDs and floppy disks) use multiple concentric circular tracks on the surface of the platter(s).
Flash memory (like pendrives or SSDs) uses semiconductor memory chips and does not have a physical track pattern in the same sense as disk media.
– Magnetic disks use concentric circular tracks.
– Flash memory uses solid-state storage without physical tracks.
16. Exclusive-OR binary operation can be represented as
Exclusive-OR binary operation can be represented as
$ar{A} cdot B + A cdot ar{B}$
$A cdot ar{B} + ar{A} cdot B$
$A cdot B + ar{A} cdot ar{B}$
$(ar{A} + ar{B}) cdot (A + B)$
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A | B | A XOR B
–|—|——–
0 | 0 | 0
0 | 1 | 1
1 | 0 | 1
1 | 1 | 0
The Sum of Products (SOP) representation for this function includes minterms where the output is 1. These are when (A=0 and B=1) or (A=1 and B=0).
– A=0 and B=1 is represented as $\bar{A} \cdot B$.
– A=1 and B=0 is represented as $A \cdot \bar{B}$.
Combining these with an OR operator gives the SOP form: $\bar{A} \cdot B + A \cdot \bar{B}$.
Option A is $\bar{A} \cdot B + A \cdot \bar{B}$, which directly matches the standard SOP form of XOR.
– The standard SOP form of XOR(A, B) is $\bar{A}B + A\bar{B}$.
– Boolean algebra allows representing logic functions using AND (`.`), OR (`+`), and NOT (`bar` or prime).
17. In case of ASCII representation of characters, in which order will a c
In case of ASCII representation of characters, in which order will a computer sort the strings 23, A1, 1A, a2, 2a, aA and Aa ?
[amp_mcq option1=”1A<23<2aThis question was previously asked inUPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2020
– Digits (‘0’-‘9’) have values 48-57.
– Uppercase letters (‘A’-‘Z’) have values 65-90.
– Lowercase letters (‘a’-‘z’) have values 97-122.
Thus, digits come before uppercase letters, which come before lowercase letters. Sorting is done character by character from left to right.
Let’s list the strings and their first characters’ ASCII values:
– 23: ‘2’ (50)
– A1: ‘A’ (65)
– 1A: ‘1’ (49)
– a2: ‘a’ (97)
– 2a: ‘2’ (50)
– aA: ‘a’ (97)
– Aa: ‘A’ (65)
Based on the first character, the order is 1A (49), then 23 and 2a (both 50), then A1 and Aa (both 65), then a2 and aA (both 97).
Now compare within groups with the same first character:
– 23 vs 2a: ‘3’ (51) vs ‘a’ (97). ‘3’ < 'a', so 23 comes before 2a. Order: 23, 2a. - A1 vs Aa: '1' (49) vs 'a' (97). '1' < 'a', so A1 comes before Aa. Order: A1, Aa. - a2 vs aA: '2' (50) vs 'A' (65). '2' < 'A', so a2 comes before aA. Order: a2, aA. Combining the ordered groups based on the first character's order: 1A (starts with '1') 23, 2a (start with '2') A1, Aa (start with 'A') a2, aA (start with 'a') The final sorted order is 1A, 23, 2a, A1, Aa, a2, aA. This matches option A.
– Sorting is lexicographical, comparing characters from left to right.
– Digit characters have lower ASCII values than uppercase letters, which have lower values than lowercase letters.