2019

81. Who has coined the term ‘global village’?

Who has coined the term ‘global village’?

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Hans J. Morgenthau
E. H. Carr
Marshall McLuhan
Richard Falk
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Marshall McLuhan coined the term ‘global village’.
– Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980) was a Canadian philosopher of communication theory.
– He used the term ‘global village’ to describe how the electronic mass media collapse space and time barriers, allowing people to interact and perceive the world on a global scale as if it were a small village.
Other options are associated with different fields: Hans J. Morgenthau and E. H. Carr are prominent figures in the field of International Relations (Realism), and Richard Falk is a scholar of international law and international relations.

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82. Which one of the following is not a provision under the Directive Prin

Which one of the following is not a provision under the Directive Principles of State Policy?

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Right to work
Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years
Promoting harmony and spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India
Separation of Judiciary from Executive
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Option C is not a provision under the Directive Principles of State Policy.
– The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution.
– Option A (Right to work) is related to Article 41 (Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases).
– Option B (Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years) is related to Article 45 (Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years), which was amended by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.
– Option D (Separation of Judiciary from Executive) is a direct provision under Article 50 of the DPSP.
– Option C (Promoting harmony and spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India) is listed as a Fundamental Duty under Article 51A(e), not a DPSP.
DPSPs are non-justiciable principles that guide the State in making laws, while Fundamental Duties are obligations of the citizens.

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83. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the right of m

Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions?

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Article 27
Article 28
Article 29
Article 30
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Article 30 of the Constitution of India provides for the right of minorities (religious or linguistic) to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
This right is guaranteed to minorities to protect their distinct culture, language, and script and to ensure their overall development.
Article 29 protects the interests of minorities to conserve their distinct language, script, or culture. Article 30 complements Article 29 by giving minorities a mechanism to protect their culture through education. The state shall not discriminate against any educational institution managed by a minority community in granting aid.

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84. Which Constitutional Amendment Act enjoined upon the State to provide

Which Constitutional Amendment Act enjoined upon the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years?

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The 85th Amendment Act
The 86th Amendment Act
The 87th Amendment Act
The 88th Amendment Act
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The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, inserted Article 21A into the Constitution, making the right to education a Fundamental Right for children between the ages of six and fourteen years.
Article 21A mandates the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of 6 to 14 years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.
This amendment also amended Article 45 (Directive Principle) to provide for early childhood care and education for children below six years and added a new Fundamental Duty (Article 51A(k)) for parents/guardians to provide educational opportunities to their child between 6 and 14 years. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, was enacted to give effect to Article 21A.

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85. Which of the following statements according to the Constitution of Ind

Which of the following statements according to the Constitution of India is/are correct?

  • 1. Equality before the law is available to the citizens of India only.
  • 2. Equality of opportunity in the matters of public employment is available to citizens of India only.
  • 3. Right to freedom of speech and expression is available to all persons residing in India.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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1 only
2 only
3 only
1, 2 and 3
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Statement 2 is correct. Article 16, guaranteeing equality of opportunity in matters of public employment, is a fundamental right available only to citizens of India. Statements 1 and 3 are incorrect. Article 14 (Equality before law and equal protection of laws) is available to all ‘persons’ (citizens and non-citizens). Article 19 (which includes the right to freedom of speech and expression) is available only to ‘citizens’.
Some fundamental rights are available to all persons residing in India, while others are available exclusively to citizens. This distinction is based on the nature of the right.
Rights available only to citizens include those under Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30. Rights available to both citizens and foreigners include those under Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, and 28.

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86. Which of the following statements about the territory of India is/are

Which of the following statements about the territory of India is/are correct?

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  • 1. It comprises of the territories of the States.
  • 2. It comprises the Union Territories specified in the First Schedule.
  • 3. It may include other acquired territories.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
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All three statements are correct according to Article 1(3) of the Constitution. Article 1(3) states that the territory of India shall comprise (a) the territories of the States, (b) the Union territories specified in the First Schedule, and (c) such other territories as may be acquired.
Article 1 defines the name and territory of the Union of India. The territory of India is a wider expression than the ‘Union of India’, which comprises only the States.
The power to acquire new territories is an inherent attribute of a sovereign state. The acquired territories become part of the territory of India and can be administered as Union Territories or integrated into existing States or formed as new States.

87. Which of the following statements in respect of the Union of India is/

Which of the following statements in respect of the Union of India is/are correct?

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  • 1. The Union of India is more like the Canadian Federation than American.
  • 2. Residuary powers are vested in the Union.
  • 3. States of the Union of India have constitutional right to secede.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
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Statements 1 and 2 are correct. The Indian federation is often described as ‘quasi-federal’ or federal with a strong unitary bias, exhibiting features more aligned with the Canadian model (strong centre, residuary powers with the centre) than the American model (more autonomy to states, residuary powers with states). Article 248 of the Constitution explicitly vests residuary powers of legislation in the Union Parliament. Statement 3 is incorrect; the Indian Union is “indestructible”, and states do not have the right to secede.
India’s federal structure is characterized by a powerful central government. The Constitution clearly defines the distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the States but reserves ultimate power over unspecified matters to the Union.
Article 1 of the Constitution declares India as a “Union of States”, emphasizing that it is not a result of an agreement among states and that the states cannot secede.

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88. The Preamble to the Constitution of India, as adopted on 26th November

The Preamble to the Constitution of India, as adopted on 26th November, 1949, originally described India as a

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  • 1. Sovereign republic
  • 2. Democratic republic
  • 3. Socialist republic
  • 4. Secular republic

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1 only
1 and 2 only
2, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
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On 26th November, 1949, when the Constitution was adopted, the Preamble described India as a ‘Sovereign Democratic Republic’.
The words ‘Socialist’ and ‘Secular’ were added to the Preamble much later by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976.
The date 26th November, 1949 is celebrated as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Diwas). The Constitution came into full effect on 26th January, 1950.

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89. Which of the following legislatures passed the Indian Independence Act

Which of the following legislatures passed the Indian Independence Act, 1947?

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The British Parliament
The Indian Parliament
The British-Indian Parliament
The Central Legislative Assembly
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The Indian Independence Act, 1947 was passed by the British Parliament. This Act was the legal instrument by which British rule in India was ended and the two independent dominions, India and Pakistan, were created.
The Act received Royal Assent on 18th July 1947. It effectively implemented the partition plan announced by Lord Mountbatten.
The Act provided for the termination of British sovereignty over India, the partition of British India into two dominions, the abolition of the office of Viceroy, and the transfer of power to the constituent assemblies of the two new dominions.

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90. Which one of the following Acts introduced ‘Dyarchy’ in the provinces?

Which one of the following Acts introduced ‘Dyarchy’ in the provinces?

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The Government of India Act, 1919
The Government of India Act, 1935
The Indian Councils Act, 1909
The Indian Independence Act, 1947
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The Government of India Act, 1919 (also known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced the system of ‘Dyarchy’ in the provinces.
Dyarchy involved dividing provincial subjects into two lists: ‘reserved’ subjects (administered by the Governor and his Executive Council without responsibility to the legislature) and ‘transferred’ subjects (administered by the Governor on the advice of ministers responsible to the legislative council).
The main aim of Dyarchy was to gradually introduce a responsible government in the provinces. However, it faced several difficulties in implementation and was eventually abolished by the Government of India Act, 1935, which introduced provincial autonomy.

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