2018

131. One Terabyte (TB) of memory storage is equal to

One Terabyte (TB) of memory storage is equal to

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1024 Gigabytes
1024 Megabytes
1024 Kilobytes
1024 Petabytes
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The correct option is A) 1024 Gigabytes.
– In computer memory measurement, units are typically based on powers of 1024 (2^10), which is related to the binary nature of digital systems.
– The standard progression of units is:
– 1 Kilobyte (KB) = 1024 Bytes
– 1 Megabyte (MB) = 1024 Kilobytes
– 1 Gigabyte (GB) = 1024 Megabytes
– 1 Terabyte (TB) = 1024 Gigabytes
– 1 Petabyte (PB) = 1024 Terabytes
– Storage manufacturers sometimes use decimal prefixes (powers of 1000) for marketing capacity (e.g., 1 GB = 1000 MB), but for internal computer architecture and operating system reporting, binary prefixes (powers of 1024) are conventionally used unless otherwise specified (e.g., Kibibyte, Mebibyte, Gibibyte, Tebibyte). In general knowledge questions like this, the 1024 basis is usually implied for TB, GB, MB, KB conversions.

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132. The term that refers to a set of programmes and instructions that help

The term that refers to a set of programmes and instructions that helps the computer in carrying out the processing is

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Hardware
Software
Storage
Input/Output
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The correct option is B) Software.
– Software is a collection of programs, data, procedures, and instructions that tell a computer how to perform specific tasks.
– It is the non-physical component of a computer system, in contrast to hardware.
– The term “set of programmes and instructions that helps the computer in carrying out the processing” precisely describes software.
– Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer.
– Storage refers to the components used to store data (e.g., hard drive, RAM).
– Input/Output refers to the interface and devices used for communication between the computer and the user or other systems.

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133. Which one of the following is the full form of ASCII code which is gen

Which one of the following is the full form of ASCII code which is generally used in the computer system ?

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American Standard Code for Information Interchange
American Standard Code for Internet Interchange
Australian Standard Code for Information Interchange
Australian Standard Code for Internet Interchange
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The correct option is A) American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
– ASCII is a character encoding standard widely used in computers and other communication equipment.
– The acronym ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
– ASCII is a 7-bit code that represents 128 characters, including uppercase and lowercase English letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control characters.
– It was developed in the early 1960s and is the basis for many other character encodings.

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134. Which of the following unit(s) is/are part(s) of a CPU ?

Which of the following unit(s) is/are part(s) of a CPU ?

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ALU
Control Unit
Memory Unit
ALU, Control Unit and Memory Unit
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The correct option is B) Control Unit.
– The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the primary component of a computer that performs most of the processing.
– The CPU is typically composed of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), the Control Unit (CU), and registers. Cache memory is also considered part of the CPU in modern architectures.
– The Control Unit is a vital part of the CPU responsible for fetching instructions from memory, decoding them, and managing the execution of these instructions by directing the operations of the ALU, memory, and input/output devices. It is often described as the “brain” or “manager” of the CPU.
– The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) is another core part of the CPU that performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, etc.) and logical operations (AND, OR, NOT, etc.).
– The Memory Unit (specifically referring to main memory or RAM) is generally considered a separate component of the computer system, external to the CPU, although closely interacting with it via the system bus.
– Option D lists ALU, Control Unit, and Memory Unit. Since the Memory Unit is typically not considered part of the CPU, option D is incorrect.
– Both A (ALU) and B (Control Unit) are correct parts of the CPU. Given that only one option can be selected and option D is incorrect, the question might be considered ambiguous as both A and B are valid. However, the Control Unit’s role in orchestrating all CPU operations, including those of the ALU, might lead to it being considered a more encompassing or primary unit in some simplified classifications.

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135. In which one of the following cases is it mandatory for the appropriat

In which one of the following cases is it mandatory for the appropriate Government to make reference of an industrial dispute for adjudication/settlement to the Industrial Tribunal/Labour Court/Arbitration ?

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A dispute regarding compensatory allowance in respect of 50 workmen
A dispute relating to rules of discipline in the organization employing 100 workmen
An industrial dispute involving any question of national importance
An industrial dispute in a municipality
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The correct option is D) An industrial dispute in a municipality.
– Under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, the appropriate Government has discretion to refer an industrial dispute for adjudication (Section 10(1)).
– However, the proviso to Section 10(1) mandates the government to make a reference (“shall”) if the dispute relates to a public utility service and a notice under Section 22 has been given.
– A municipality is often listed as a public utility service in Schedule I of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (e.g., services relating to sanitation, water supply).
– While the option doesn’t explicitly state that notice under Section 22 was given, among the given options, a dispute in a municipality is the only one that involves a public utility service, which is the condition that triggers mandatory reference *if* the other condition (notice) is met. The other options describe types or sizes of disputes that do not automatically mandate reference.
– Disputes regarding allowances, discipline rules, or involving a certain number of workmen (A and B) do not, by themselves, make reference mandatory.
– Disputes of national importance (C) can be referred to a National Tribunal, but the reference is discretionary (“may”), not mandatory (“shall”), based solely on national importance.
– Therefore, a dispute in a municipality (a public utility service) is the scenario where mandatory reference is potentially applicable, assuming the required procedural conditions (like notice) are fulfilled.

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136. The process by which a third party persuades and facilitates the dispu

The process by which a third party persuades and facilitates the disputants for mediating and promoting the settlement of an industrial dispute is called

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Conciliation
Arbitration
Collective Bargaining
Compulsory Adjudication
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The correct option is A) Conciliation.
– Conciliation is a process in industrial relations where a neutral third party (conciliator) helps the disputing parties (employer and workmen) to communicate, understand each other’s viewpoints, and explore possible solutions to reach a voluntary settlement of their industrial dispute. The conciliator facilitates discussions and may suggest terms of settlement but does not impose a decision. This matches the description of a third party persuading and facilitating settlement.
– Arbitration involves a third party (arbitrator) hearing the arguments of both sides and giving a binding decision (award) to resolve the dispute, based on the agreement of the parties to refer the dispute to arbitration.
– Collective Bargaining is a process of negotiation between the management and trade union representatives to determine terms and conditions of employment. It does not involve a third-party facilitator in the negotiation itself.
– Compulsory Adjudication is a process where the government refers an industrial dispute to a Labour Court or Industrial Tribunal for a binding decision. This is a form of compulsory dispute resolution, not facilitation for voluntary settlement.

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137. Which one of the following offences under the Indian Penal Code, 1860,

Which one of the following offences under the Indian Penal Code, 1860, is not compoundable by the parties in terms of Section 320(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 ?

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Voluntarily causing grievous hurt on grave and sudden provocation
Adultery
Cheating
Voluntarily causing grievous hurt and miscarriage
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The correct option is D) Voluntarily causing grievous hurt and miscarriage.
– Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, lists offences compoundable by parties. Section 320(1) lists offences compoundable *without* court permission, and Section 320(2) lists offences compoundable *with* court permission.
– Voluntarily causing grievous hurt (e.g., Section 325 IPC) is compoundable *with* the permission of the Court under Section 320(2).
– Causing miscarriage (e.g., Section 312 IPC) is compoundable *with* the permission of the Court under Section 320(2). More severe forms of causing miscarriage (Sections 313, 314, 315, 316 IPC) are not compoundable at all. Similarly, grievous hurt caused by dangerous weapons (Section 326 IPC) is not compoundable.
– An offence involving both voluntarily causing grievous hurt and miscarriage is a severe offence. While some less severe forms might be compoundable with court permission (falling under 320(2)), the combination or more severe forms would likely be entirely non-compoundable. An offence that is non-compoundable or compoundable only under Section 320(2) is *not* compoundable in terms of Section 320(1).
– Option C, Cheating (specifically Section 417 IPC), is listed under Section 320(1) as compoundable *without* the permission of the Court. Therefore, Option C *is* compoundable under Section 320(1).
– Options A and B are compoundable, but only under Section 320(2), not 320(1). Option D represents a combination of offences, where at least one component is in 320(2), and potentially other components (depending on severity) are non-compoundable altogether. Thus, D is definitely *not* compoundable under Section 320(1). Given that only one option can be correct and C is compoundable under 320(1), A, B, and D are candidates for being not compoundable under 320(1). D is the most likely intended answer as it can easily encompass non-compoundable sections altogether, making it unambiguously *not* compoundable under 320(1) or 320(2).
– S. 320(1) lists relatively less severe offences like simple hurt, defamation, criminal trespass, insult intended to provoke breach of peace, etc.
– S. 320(2) lists more severe offences like grievous hurt, adultery, criminal breach of trust by clerk/servant, etc., which require court permission for compounding.
– Offences not listed in S. 320 are not compoundable.

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138. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, does *not* expressly provide for

The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, does *not* expressly provide for which one of the following?

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Identification of an arrested person
Detention of an arrested person beyond 24 hours with an order of the Magistrate
Health of an arrested person
Bail to a person arrested under Preventive Detention Law
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The correct option is D) Bail to a person arrested under Preventive Detention Law.
– The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, deals primarily with the procedure for investigation, inquiry, and trial of offences.
– Preventive detention is governed by specific laws like the National Security Act, COFEPOSA, etc., enacted under the powers provided by the Constitution (Article 22). These laws have their own procedures for detention, review, and limited rights of the detenu.
– The provisions for bail in the CrPC (Sections 436-439) apply to persons accused of having committed offences, allowing for their release during the pendency of investigation, inquiry, or trial, often upon furnishing security. These provisions do not apply to persons detained under preventive detention laws, which operate outside the normal criminal process based on suspicion of future acts.
– Section 54-A of CrPC expressly provides for the identification of an arrested person.
– Section 57 of CrPC limits detention by police to 24 hours in the absence of a special order from a Magistrate. Section 167 provides for detention beyond 24 hours with the Magistrate’s order (police custody or judicial custody). The CrPC expressly provides for detention beyond 24 hours *with* a Magistrate’s order.
– Section 54 of CrPC mandates the medical examination of an arrested person, thereby providing for the health of the arrested person by ensuring a medical record.

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139. The term ‘workman’ under the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923, include

The term ‘workman’ under the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923, includes who among the following persons?

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A person whose employment is of a casual nature
A person employed as a personal cook by the Managing Director of a company
A person employed for repairing an article in any premises wherein 15 persons are employed
The Captain of an aircraft
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The correct option is C) A person employed for repairing an article in any premises wherein 15 persons are employed.
– The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 (now Employees’ Compensation Act, 1923) covers persons employed in scheduled employments listed in Schedule II of the Act.
– Employment in factories, workshops, or other premises where manufacturing or other operations are carried on and where a certain number of persons are employed (thresholds varied over time but premises with 15 employees suggest a formal workplace) are typically included in Schedule II. Repairing an article in such a premises is likely employment for the purpose of the employer’s trade or business and falls within the scope of scheduled employments.
– A person whose employment is of a casual nature and who is employed otherwise than for the purposes of the employer’s trade or business is excluded from the definition of ‘workman’/’employee’. Option A is ambiguous but suggests potential exclusion.
– Persons employed in domestic service (like a personal cook for a Managing Director) are generally excluded from the definition. Option B is excluded.
– The Captain of an aircraft, while employed in a scheduled employment (operation of aircraft), might be excluded if they were in a managerial, administrative, or supervisory capacity drawing wages above a certain limit (as per the Act before 2000 amendment which removed the wage ceiling). Option D is potentially excluded depending on specifics.
– Option C describes employment in a setting typically covered by the Act, performing work related to the premises’ activity, making the person a ‘workman’.

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140. ‘A’ with the intention of murdering ‘Z’, instigates ‘B’, a child under

‘A’ with the intention of murdering ‘Z’, instigates ‘B’, a child under seven years of age, to do an act which causes ‘Z’s death. ‘B’ in consequence of the abetment, does the act in the absence of ‘A’ and thereby causes ‘Z’s death. Here ‘A’ is liable under which one of the following Sections of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 ?

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Section 109
Section 115
Section 120
Section 302
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The correct option is A) Section 109.
– Section 109 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, provides for the punishment of abetment when the act abetted is committed in consequence of the abetment and where no express provision is made for the punishment of such abetment.
– In this case, ‘A’ instigated ‘B’ to murder ‘Z’. ‘B’, in consequence of this abetment, committed the act causing ‘Z’s death. The act abetted is murder, which is punishable under Section 302.
– Explanation 3 to Section 108 of the IPC clarifies that it is not necessary for the person abetted to be capable by law of committing an offence. Since ‘B’ is a child under seven, ‘B’ is legally incapable of committing murder (as a child under seven is presumed ‘doli incapax’ – incapable of having criminal intent, by Section 82 IPC). However, ‘A’ is still liable for abetting the act that resulted in Z’s death.
– Since murder is committed in consequence of ‘A’s abetment, ‘A’ is punishable under Section 109 with the punishment provided for murder (Section 302). Thus, ‘A’ is liable under Section 109.
– Section 115 deals with abetment of an offence punishable with death or life imprisonment if the offence is *not* committed. This is not applicable here as Z’s death occurred.
– Section 120 relates to criminal conspiracy, which is a different form of inchoate offence from abetment by instigation.
– Section 302 provides the punishment for murder itself. While ‘A’ receives this punishment, the liability as an abettor for the committed act arises under Section 109.

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