2015 Archives

191. The present cap (as on 01.01.2015) on Foreign Direct Investment in the

The present cap (as on 01.01.2015) on Foreign Direct Investment in the defence sector is:

[amp_mcq option1=”26%” option2=”49%” option3=”74%” option4=”100%” correct=”option2″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2015

The cap on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the defence sector as of 01.01.2015 was 49%.

Prior to August 2014, the FDI limit in the defence sector was 26% under the government approval route. In August 2014, the Government of India revised the FDI policy for the defence sector, increasing the limit to 49% under the government approval route. FDI beyond 49% was also permitted on a case-by-case basis subject to approval of the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS), provided it was likely to result in access to modern and ‘state-of-art’ technology. This revised policy was in effect on 01.01.2015.

The FDI policy in the defence sector has undergone further liberalization since 2015. In 2020, the limit under the automatic route was increased to 74%, and up to 100% under the government route where it is likely to result in access to modern technology. Therefore, it is crucial to note the specific date mentioned in the question when considering FDI limits.

192. Under Article 355 of the Constitution of India, it is the duty of the

Under Article 355 of the Constitution of India, it is the duty of the Union to:

[amp_mcq option1=”protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance” option2=”allow the extension of executive powers of the Union to any State” option3=”declare that the powers of the legislature of a State shall be exercisable by or under the authority of the Parliament” option4=”allow the Parliament to include or exclude any caste, race or tribe into the list of the Scheduled Castes or Scheduled Tribes” correct=”option1″]

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Under Article 355 of the Constitution of India, it is the duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance.

Article 355 is part of the Emergency Provisions (Part XVIII) of the Indian Constitution. It explicitly states: “It shall be the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance and to ensure that the government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution.”

This article forms the basis for the Union’s intervention in the affairs of a State in situations of emergency. Failure of a State government to function in accordance with the Constitution, as mentioned in Article 355, can lead to the imposition of President’s Rule under Article 356. The duty to protect against external aggression and internal disturbance is a fundamental aspect of the federal structure, ensuring the integrity and stability of the country.

193. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists:

List-I (Movement)
A. Bardoli Satyagraha
B. Tebhaga
C. Satyasodhak Samaj
D. Ulgulan

List-II (Mass base/Following)
1. Bargadars
2. Kaliparaj
3. Mundas
4. Kunbi peasantry

Code:

[amp_mcq option1=”A-2 B-4 C-1 D-3″ option2=”A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3″ option3=”A-3 B-4 C-1 D-2″ option4=”A-3 B-1 C-4 D-2″ correct=”option2″]

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The correct matching of movements with their mass base/following is A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3.

A. Bardoli Satyagraha (1928): This was a peasant movement against a sharp increase in land revenue demand by the British. While led by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the movement involved various peasant communities in the Bardoli taluka of Gujarat. The term ‘Kaliparaj’ (meaning dark-skinned) was used for the tribal peasants of the region, who were heavily mobilised and participated actively in the Satyagraha.
B. Tebhaga: This movement (1946-47) was a sharecroppers’ movement in Bengal demanding that the share of the produce given to landlords (jotedars) be reduced from one-half to one-third (tebhaga). The main participants were the bargadars (sharecroppers).
C. Satyasodhak Samaj: Founded by Jyotirao Phule in 1873 in Maharashtra, this social reform society aimed at the upliftment of lower castes and women. Its base included peasants and agricultural labourers, particularly from communities like Kunbis (a prominent peasant caste in Maharashtra).
D. Ulgulan: The ‘Great Tumult’ was the rebellion led by Birsa Munda in the Chota Nagpur region (present-day Jharkhand) against British colonial rule, land alienation, and missionary activities in the late 19th century (specifically 1899-1900). The mass base of this movement was the Munda tribal community.

These examples highlight the diverse nature of mass movements in colonial India, often rooted in specific socio-economic grievances and drawing support from particular communities or occupational groups.

194. BrahMos is the name of:

BrahMos is the name of:

[amp_mcq option1=”a short-range supersonic cruise missile” option2=”an air defence gun” option3=”a military satellite” option4=”a multiple rocket launcher” correct=”option1″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2015

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BrahMos is the name of a short-range supersonic cruise missile.

BrahMos is a joint venture between India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Russia’s NPO Mashinostroyeniya. It is named after two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia. It is one of the fastest supersonic cruise missiles in the world.

BrahMos can be launched from submarines, ships, aircraft, or land. Its speed is around Mach 2.8 to 3.0. While “short-range” is relative, cruise missiles are distinct from ballistic missiles (which follow a parabolic trajectory) and glide weapons. BrahMos flies at low altitudes, making it difficult to intercept.

195. Which of the following committee/committees submitted reports on Elect

Which of the following committee/committees submitted reports on Electoral reforms?
1. Dinesh Goswami Committee
2. Tarkunde Committee
3. Indrajit Gupta Committee
4. Balwantrai Mehta Committee
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 3 and 4″ option2=”2 and 4″ option3=”1, 2 and 3″ option4=”3 and 4 only” correct=”option3″]

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The Dinesh Goswami Committee, Tarkunde Committee, and Indrajit Gupta Committee submitted reports on Electoral reforms.

1. Dinesh Goswami Committee: Constituted in 1990, this committee studied and recommended changes in the electoral system, including issues like electronic voting machines (EVMs), anti-defection law, and registration of political parties.
2. Tarkunde Committee: This committee, appointed by Jaya Prakash Narayan in 1974-75, was one of the early significant non-governmental initiatives to suggest electoral reforms in India. Its report contained various recommendations to improve the electoral process.
3. Indrajit Gupta Committee: This committee, set up in 1998, specifically focused on the issue of State Funding of Elections and submitted a report recommending partial state funding.
4. Balwantrai Mehta Committee: Formed in 1957, this committee is famous for its recommendations on the establishment of the Panchayati Raj System in India, not electoral reforms for the national or state-level elections.

Electoral reforms in India have been a continuous process, with various committees and commissions (like the Election Commission itself, Law Commission, etc.) making recommendations over time to ensure free, fair, and transparent elections.

196. Match List-I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List-I (Peasant Movement)	List-II (Leader/Follower)
A. Bakasht Land Movement	1. Baba Ramchandra
B. Eka Movement	2. Kunhammed Haji
C. Mappila Rebellion	3. Madari Pasi
D. Avadh Kisan Sabha Movement	4. Karyanand Sharma

Code :

[amp_mcq option1=”A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1″ option2=”A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1″ option3=”A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4″ option4=”A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4″ correct=”option1″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2015

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The correct matching of the peasant movements with their leaders/followers is A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1.

A. Bakasht Land Movement: This movement, prominent in Bihar in the late 1930s, particularly under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati and his Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha, involved peasants fighting for the restoration of Bakasht lands (lands previously cultivated by tenants but resumed by landlords often through forced evictions). Karyanand Sharma was a prominent leader of the Kisan Sabha in Bihar and was actively involved in leading struggles related to Bakasht lands, such as the memorable ghoshana of “Kaise loge malguzari, Latth hamara zindabad” (How will you collect rent, Long live our lathi/stick) in Munger.
B. Eka Movement: This movement emerged in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh in 1921-22. Its main grievances were related to high rents, oppression by landlords, and forced labour (begar). The movement was led by Madari Pasi and other low-caste leaders.
C. Mappila Rebellion: A series of revolts by the Mappila Muslim peasants against the British and Hindu landlords (jenmis) in the Malabar region of Kerala, culminating in the major uprising of 1921. Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji was one of the principal leaders of the 1921 rebellion.
D. Avadh Kisan Sabha Movement: Formed in October 1920, the Awadh Kisan Sabha consolidated the activities of the Kisan movement in the Awadh region. One of its key figures was Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had earlier organised peasants in Pratapgarh.

These movements represent various facets of peasant struggles in colonial India, addressing issues ranging from land rights and rent to exploitation by landlords and moneylenders, often intertwined with caste and religious identities.

197. Which one of the following best describes the Andaman & Nicobar Island

Which one of the following best describes the Andaman & Nicobar Island Command ?

[amp_mcq option1=”A cyber security command” option2=”A unified command comprising Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard” option3=”A unified command comprising Navy and the Coast Guard” option4=”One of the commands of the Indian Navy” correct=”option2″]

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The Andaman & Nicobar Island Command is best described as a unified command comprising Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard.

The Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC) is the first and only tri-service theatre command of the Indian Armed Forces, based at Port Blair in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It was created in 2001 to safeguard India’s strategic interests in Southeast Asia and the Strait of Malacca.

A unified command integrates elements from different branches of the military under a single commander for specific geographical areas or functions. The ANC is unique in India as it comprises assets and personnel from the Indian Army, Indian Navy, Indian Air Force, and the Indian Coast Guard operating under a unified operational command structure.

198. According to Article 3 of the Constitution of India, the Parliament ma

According to Article 3 of the Constitution of India, the Parliament may by law :

1. declare war on any country
2. alter the boundaries of any State
3. increase the area of any State
4. establish an Autonomous Council within any State

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”3 only” option2=”1, 2 and 4″ option3=”2 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2 and 3″ correct=”option3″]

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According to Article 3 of the Constitution of India, the Parliament may by law alter the boundaries of any State and increase the area of any State.

Article 3 of the Constitution of India deals with the formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries, or names of existing States. Specifically:
– Article 3(a) states that Parliament may form a new State by separation of territory from any State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States or by uniting any territory to a part of any State.
– Article 3(b) states Parliament may increase the area of any State.
– Article 3(c) states Parliament may diminish the area of any State.
– Article 3(d) states Parliament may alter the boundaries of any State.
– Article 3(e) states Parliament may alter the name of any State.
These actions require a bill introduced in Parliament only on the recommendation of the President, and where the proposal affects the area, boundaries, or name of any State, the President must refer the bill to the Legislature of that State for expressing its views.

Declaring war is a function involving the executive and legislative branches of the Union, not covered under Article 3. Establishing Autonomous Councils within a State falls primarily under other constitutional provisions like the Sixth Schedule for certain tribal areas, or potentially under state legislation, not directly under Article 3. Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are within the scope of Article 3.

199. Which one of the following statements concerning the Freedom and Parti

Which one of the following statements concerning the Freedom and Partition of India is NOT correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”In February 1947, British Prime Minister Attlee announced that the British were not going to transfer power to Indians, come what may” option2=”Lord Wavell advocated total withdrawal of the British from India by 31 March, 1948″ option3=”It was Lord Mountbatten who speeded up the process of transfer of power” option4=”The Plan Balkan was abandoned on account of Nehru’s opposition to it” correct=”option1″]

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The statement that British Prime Minister Attlee announced that the British were not going to transfer power to Indians is incorrect.

In February 1947, British Prime Minister Clement Attlee announced that the British government would grant full self-governance to British India by 30 June 1948, including the transfer of power. This announcement was significant as it set a definite deadline for British withdrawal.

Lord Wavell, the Viceroy before Mountbatten, had indeed proposed plans for British withdrawal. Lord Mountbatten, who succeeded Wavell, advanced the date of independence and partition to August 1947. The ‘Plan Balkan’ (also known as the Dickie Bird Plan) was Lord Mountbatten’s initial proposal to grant provinces the option to become independent successor states, which was abandoned after Nehru’s strong opposition.

200. INS Vikramaditya is the name of :

INS Vikramaditya is the name of :

[amp_mcq option1=”an aircraft carrier” option2=”a nuclear submarine” option3=”a memorial for the sailors” option4=”a naval hospital” correct=”option1″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2015

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INS Vikramaditya is an aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy.

INS Vikramaditya is a modified Kiev-class aircraft carrier acquired from Russia. It was commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2013.

Aircraft carriers are warships that serve as a mobile airbase for carrier-based aircraft. They allow a naval force to project air power across the world without depending on local bases for aircraft. India currently operates two aircraft carriers, INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant.