2014 Archives

152. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :
List I
(Hormone)
A. Aldosterone
B. Oestrogen
C. Melatonin
D. Progesterone
List II
(Function)
1. Maintains female secondary sex characteristics
2. Controls circadian rhythm
3. Salt-retaming hormone
4. Sustains the pregnancy

Code :

	A	B	C	D
(a)	4	2	1	3
(b)	4	1	2	3
(c)	3	2	1	4
(d)	3	1	2	4

[amp_mcq option1=”(a)” option2=”(b)” option3=”(c)” option4=”(d)” correct=”option4″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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Matching the hormones with their primary functions:
A. Aldosterone: This is a mineralocorticoid hormone that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the body, primarily by promoting sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. It is known as a salt-retaining hormone. (A matches 3)
B. Oestrogen (Estrogen): This is a primary female sex hormone responsible for the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics (like breast development, uterine growth, etc.) and plays a key role in the menstrual cycle. (B matches 1)
C. Melatonin: This hormone is produced by the pineal gland and plays a crucial role in regulating the body’s sleep-wake cycle, also known as the circadian rhythm. (C matches 2)
D. Progesterone: This hormone is vital for preparing the uterus for pregnancy, maintaining the uterine lining throughout pregnancy, and preventing premature contractions. It is essential for sustaining pregnancy. (D matches 4)
The correct matching is A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4.

Understanding the major roles of key hormones in the endocrine system is necessary for this question.

Aldosterone is part of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). Oestrogen and Progesterone are key sex hormones produced by the ovaries, regulated by the pituitary hormones FSH and LH. Melatonin production is influenced by light exposure.

153. If three times of the first of the three consecutive odd integers is 3

If three times of the first of the three consecutive odd integers is 3 more than twice the third integer, what is the third integer ?

[amp_mcq option1=”15″ option2=”11″ option3=”9″ option4=”5″ correct=”option1″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2014

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Let the three consecutive odd integers be represented as \(x\), \(x+2\), and \(x+4\), where \(x\) is the first odd integer. The problem states that three times the first integer is 3 more than twice the third integer. We can write this as an equation: \(3x = 2(x+4) + 3\).
Solving the equation:
\(3x = 2x + 8 + 3\)
\(3x = 2x + 11\)
\(3x – 2x = 11\)
\(x = 11\)
The first integer is 11. The three consecutive odd integers are 11, 13, and 15. The third integer is 15.

Consecutive odd integers differ by 2. Setting up the algebraic equation correctly based on the given relationship is crucial to finding the value of the first integer.

We can verify the answer: Three times the first integer (11) is 3 * 11 = 33. Twice the third integer (15) is 2 * 15 = 30. 30 + 3 = 33. The condition is satisfied.

154. Which of the following countries has successfully test fired Hatf IX (

Which of the following countries has successfully test fired Hatf IX (Nasr) short range surface to surface multitube ballistic missile in November 2013 ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Pakistan” option2=”China” option3=”Iraq” option4=”Iran” correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The Hatf IX (Nasr) is a short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile developed by Pakistan. Pakistan successfully test-fired this missile in November 2013, as part of its defence capabilities and deterrence posture.

The Hatf series of missiles are integral to Pakistan’s missile program. Hatf IX (Nasr) is specifically known for its multi-tube launcher system and is designed as a low-yield tactical nuclear weapon system.

While other countries listed have their own missile programs, the Hatf series is exclusively associated with Pakistan. News reports from November 2013 widely covered Pakistan’s test of the Nasr missile.

155. Which one among the following statements correctly defines the term Bi

Which one among the following statements correctly defines the term Bio-fortification ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Enrichment of the nutrient quality of the soil using biological agents” option2=”Breeding crops to increase their nutritional values” option3=”Increase of organo-metallic compounds in the organism through energy flow in an ecosystem” option4=”Adoption of genetic variable plants for breeding of high yielding varieties” correct=”option2″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2014

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Bio-fortification is the process of increasing the density of vitamins and minerals in a crop through either conventional plant breeding, transgenic techniques, or agronomic practices. The goal is to improve human nutrition by making staple foods more nutritious.

The core concept of bio-fortification is improving the *nutritional content* of the crop itself, not just the soil it grows in or its yield.

Option A describes aspects related to soil fertility or bio-fertilization. Option C describes bio-magnification or bio-accumulation, where substances concentrate in organisms up the food chain. Option D describes general plant breeding for yield, which is distinct from specifically targeting nutritional enhancement.

156. Which one among the following is indicated by the following figure ? (

Which one among the following is indicated by the following figure ?
(Figure shows a square divided into four smaller rectangles. Top left is a x a, top right is a x b, bottom left is b x a, bottom right is b x b)

[amp_mcq option1=”a + ab + ab + b² = a/(1-b) for b < 1" option2="a³ > b³ ⇒ a > b” option3=”(a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²” option4=”a > b ⇒ -a < -b" correct="option3"]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The figure shows a large square with side length (a + b). The area of this large square is (a + b) * (a + b) = (a + b)². This square is divided into four smaller rectangles with areas a*a (a²), a*b (ab), b*a (ab), and b*b (b²). The total area of the large square is also the sum of the areas of the four smaller rectangles: a² + ab + ab + b² = a² + 2ab + b². Therefore, the figure visually represents the algebraic identity (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b².

The figure provides a geometric proof or illustration of the expansion of the binomial (a+b)².

Option A is an unrelated equation. Option B and D are correct mathematical implications but are not demonstrated by the geometric figure shown. The figure specifically relates areas derived from sides ‘a’ and ‘b’ combined as (a+b).

157. Which one among the following is successfully tested in Germany recent

Which one among the following is successfully tested in Germany recently as world’s first green helicopter which is environment friendly and emission free ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Volocopter” option2=”Sikorsky” option3=”Eurocopter” option4=”Bell” correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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In late 2013, the German company E-volo successfully conducted manned test flights of its prototype electric multirotor aircraft, the Volocopter VC200. This aircraft was widely reported at the time as being the world’s first certified electric multirotor (often referred to in popular media as an electric helicopter, though technically a multirotor VTOL aircraft) and was highlighted for being emission-free and environmentally friendly.

The Volocopter is an electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, representing a new class of environmentally friendly rotorcraft as opposed to traditional fuel-powered helicopters.

Sikorsky, Eurocopter (now Airbus Helicopters), and Bell are established manufacturers of traditional helicopters powered by jet engines, although they are also developing hybrid and electric models more recently. The question specifically refers to a successful test of a “first green helicopter” in Germany around Dec 2013, which aligns with the Volocopter’s milestone flight.

158. According to the principle of energy conservation, when a piston in an

According to the principle of energy conservation, when a piston in an automobile engine compresses the gas in a cylinder, which of the following must occur ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Kinetic energy of gas must increase” option2=”The gas must undergo a change of state” option3=”The gas must undergo a chemical change” option4=”None of the above” correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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When a piston compresses the gas in a cylinder, work is done on the gas. According to the principle of energy conservation (specifically the First Law of Thermodynamics), this work done on the gas increases its internal energy. For an ideal gas, internal energy is directly related to its temperature, and temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the gas must increase.

Work done *on* a system (like compressing gas) increases its internal energy. Increased internal energy in a gas manifests as increased temperature and thus increased average kinetic energy of the molecules.

Compression can lead to a change of state or chemical change under specific conditions (e.g., if the pressure and temperature exceed certain thresholds, or if the compression causes ignition in a fuel mixture). However, an increase in internal energy and kinetic energy is a direct and necessary consequence of work being done *on* the gas during compression, based purely on the principle of energy conservation.

159. In December 2013, TTEX-2013 (Trilateral Tabletop Maritime Security Exe

In December 2013, TTEX-2013 (Trilateral Tabletop Maritime Security Exercises) was conducted between :

[amp_mcq option1=”India, Maldives and Bangladesh” option2=”India, Sri Lanka and China” option3=”India, Sri Lanka and Maldives” option4=”Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Bangladesh” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The Trilateral Tabletop Maritime Security Exercise (TTEX) in December 2013 was a maritime security exercise conducted jointly by the navies of India, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. These countries cooperate on maritime security in the Indian Ocean region, particularly focusing on issues like counter-piracy, maritime terrorism, and disaster response.

TTEX is a simulation-based exercise designed to improve coordination and understanding among the participating navies on maritime security threats and responses.

India, Sri Lanka, and Maldives are part of a trilateral maritime security cooperation framework in the Indian Ocean. Exercises and discussions among these three nations are regular events aimed at enhancing regional stability and security.

160. Which one among the following was the reason behind the boycott of rec

Which one among the following was the reason behind the boycott of recent general elections in Bangladesh by the main opposition parties ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Demand for preparation of a fresh electoral roll was not fulfilled” option2=”Demand for allowing international observers for the poll was not fulfilled” option3=”Demand for holding the elections under a neutral government was not fulfilled” option4=”Demand for stopping prosecution of those involved in 1971 war crimes was not fulfilled” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The primary reason for the boycott of the general elections in Bangladesh in January 2014 by the main opposition parties, led by the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), was their demand for the election to be held under a non-partisan caretaker government. The ruling Awami League government had abolished the caretaker government system in 2011.

The opposition argued that elections held under a political government, rather than a neutral interim body, would be unfair and rigged in favour of the ruling party. This demand was central to their stance.

The caretaker government system was originally introduced to ensure free and fair elections by temporarily handing power to a non-partisan body during the election period. Its abolition led to significant political crisis and deadlock in Bangladesh.