2012

51. As per the Bureau of Indian Standard, the domestic water demand in Ind

As per the Bureau of Indian Standard, the domestic water demand in India in LPCD (liter per capita per day) is

[amp_mcq option1=”60″ option2=”100″ option3=”135″ option4=”270″ correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) 135.
As per the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) code IS 1172:1993 (Code of basic requirements for water supply, drainage and sanitation), the recommended minimum requirement for domestic water supply in urban areas in India is 135 Liters Per Capita Per Day (LPCD). This figure covers all domestic needs including drinking, cooking, bathing, flushing, washing of clothes and utensils.
While different standards might exist for specific contexts (e.g., basic need for drinking and cooking might be lower, or usage in high-income areas might be higher), 135 LPCD is the widely accepted standard domestic water demand figure in India according to BIS.

52. Byssinosis disease is common in the workers of

Byssinosis disease is common in the workers of

[amp_mcq option1=”rubber industry” option2=”ceramic industry” option3=”textile industry” option4=”iron and steel industry” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) textile industry.
Byssinosis, also known as “brown lung disease,” is an occupational lung disease caused by inhaling cotton, flax, or hemp dust. It is commonly found among workers in the textile industry, particularly those involved in the initial processing of cotton fibers.
Workers in the rubber industry may face risks from chemicals or latex. Ceramic industry workers may be exposed to silica dust (silicosis). Iron and steel industry workers may be exposed to metal fumes, dusts, and heat. Byssinosis is specifically linked to textile dust exposure.

53. Green Muffler is

Green Muffler is

[amp_mcq option1=”a technology for reducing air pollution” option2=”a method of afforestation” option3=”plantation along roadsides to reduce noise pollution” option4=”a process of reducing vibration” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) plantation along roadsides to reduce noise pollution.
The term “Green Muffler” refers to the concept of using trees and shrubs planted in strategic locations, often in multiple rows along roads, highways, and industrial areas, to absorb and dissipate sound waves, thereby reducing noise pollution. The dense foliage acts as a barrier and a sound-absorbing medium.
While trees contribute to reducing air pollution (A) and are part of afforestation efforts (B), the specific term “Green Muffler” is predominantly associated with noise reduction through vegetation. It does not relate to reducing vibration (D).

54. Use of tamarind juice as a part of our meal helps

Use of tamarind juice as a part of our meal helps

[amp_mcq option1=”to prevent tooth decay” option2=”to take care of excess fluoride in drinking water” option3=”for easy digestion of food” option4=”to increase the strength of bones” correct=”option3″]

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The correct answer is C) for easy digestion of food.
Tamarind is known for its sour taste due to the presence of tartaric acid and other organic acids. Including acidic or sour elements in a meal is traditionally believed to stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes and juices, thereby aiding in the breakdown and digestion of food, particularly fats and proteins.
Option A is incorrect; acidic substances can contribute to tooth erosion and decay. Option B is not a known effect of tamarind consumption. Option D is incorrect; bone strength is primarily related to calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D intake, not tamarind.

55. Which one among the following causes stomach pain in human body?

Which one among the following causes stomach pain in human body?

[amp_mcq option1=”Base” option2=”Acid” option3=”Salt” option4=”Bacterium” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) Acid.
The human stomach contains hydrochloric acid, which is essential for digestion. However, an excess production of stomach acid (hyperacidity) can lead to irritation of the stomach lining or esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, acid reflux, and stomach pain.
While bacteria like Helicobacter pylori can cause stomach ulcers and gastritis leading to pain, among the direct chemical options provided, acid (specifically, excessive stomach acid) is a common and direct cause of stomach pain symptoms like burning and aching. Bases and salts are not typically the primary direct causes of stomach pain in this context, although some substances containing them might cause irritation.

56. How do marine animals survive in water without air contact?

How do marine animals survive in water without air contact?

[amp_mcq option1=”They do not require any oxygen” option2=”They take oxygen from water” option3=”They only produce oxygen in their body” option4=”They get oxygen from water plants” correct=”option2″]

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The correct answer is B) They take oxygen from water.
Marine animals, like most living organisms, require oxygen for respiration. They do not obtain it directly from the air like terrestrial animals do. Instead, they extract dissolved oxygen from the water using specialized respiratory organs, such as gills.
Option A is incorrect because marine animals do require oxygen. Option C is incorrect as they obtain oxygen from their environment, not solely produce it. Option D is partially correct in that water plants contribute to dissolved oxygen, but the animals directly take the oxygen dissolved *in* the water, regardless of its source (atmosphere or photosynthesis).

57. The Eleventh Schedule inserted by the 73rd Amendment distributes power

The Eleventh Schedule inserted by the 73rd Amendment distributes powers between the State Legislatures and the Panchayats, and lists 29 items. Which among the following are listed in the Eleventh Schedule?

  • 1. Minor irrigation
  • 2. Animal husbandry
  • 3. Women and child development
  • 4. Fire service
  • 5. Cattle pounds, prevention of cruelty to animals

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2 and 3″ option2=”1, 4 and 5″ option3=”2, 3 and 4″ option4=”3, 4 and 5″ correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is A) 1, 2 and 3.
The Eleventh Schedule lists the 29 subjects within the purview of Panchayats. Item 1 is Minor irrigation, water management and watershed development. Item 2 is Animal husbandry, dairying and poultry. Item 3 is Women and child development. Item 5 is Cattle pounds, prevention of cruelty to animals. Item 4, Fire services, is typically considered an urban local body function and is not listed in the Eleventh Schedule.
The question asks which among the listed items are in the Eleventh Schedule. Items 1, 2, and 3 are definitely in the schedule. Item 5 is also in the schedule. Item 4 is not. Option A correctly groups items 1, 2, and 3, all of which are present in the Eleventh Schedule. While item 5 is also present, option A is the only choice consisting solely of items found in the schedule.

58. Public Interest Litigation falls within the jurisdiction of the High C

Public Interest Litigation falls within the jurisdiction of the High Court provided certain conditions are fulfilled. Which one among the following conditions is not accepted by the courts?

[amp_mcq option1=”Public is interested in vindication of some rights” option2=”Enforcement of public duty” option3=”Courts can examine previous records of public servants” option4=”Personal injury or loss is an essential element” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D) Personal injury or loss is an essential element.
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a mechanism allowing any public-spirited citizen or organization to file a petition in a high court or the Supreme Court on behalf of a group of persons or the public at large whose rights are affected by action or inaction of the government or public authorities. Unlike traditional litigation where the aggrieved party files the suit, in PIL, the petitioner does not necessarily have a direct personal injury or loss; they represent the public interest.
PIL aims at the vindication of some rights of the public (A), enforcement of public duty (B), and can involve courts examining executive actions, which might indirectly involve examining previous records (C). The key characteristic that distinguishes PIL from traditional litigation is the relaxation of the locus standi rule, meaning personal injury or loss is *not* an essential element for the petitioner to file the case.

59. Which one among the following items was not added to the Concurrent Li

Which one among the following items was not added to the Concurrent List of the Constitution of India under the provisions of the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976?

[amp_mcq option1=”Family planning” option2=”Forest” option3=”Education” option4=”Railways” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is D) Railways.
The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, transferred several subjects from the State List to the Concurrent List. These subjects included Education, Forests, Weights and Measures, Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, and Administration of Justice, Constitution and Organisation of all courts except the Supreme Court and the High Courts. Family Planning (Population Control and Family Planning) was also added to the Concurrent List (Entry 20A).
Railways (Entry 22 in the Union List) is a subject exclusively under the jurisdiction of the Union Government and was not affected by the transfers under the 42nd Amendment Act.

60. New Public Management stands for shift from conventional public pol

New Public Management stands for

  • shift from conventional public policy to cost effectiveness
  • cluster rather than pyramids of organization in structural frameworks
  • flexible and adaptive operational systems
  • rigid planning and conventional bureaucratic hierarchy

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2, 3 and 4″ option2=”1 and 2 only” option3=”1, 2 and 3 only” option4=”3 and 4 only” correct=”option3″]

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Statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct descriptions of New Public Management (NPM), while statement 4 is incorrect.
New Public Management (NPM) is an approach to running public services that is influenced by ideas from the private sector. It emphasizes efficiency, performance, cost-effectiveness, flexibility, decentralization, market-like mechanisms, and a focus on outcomes and citizen/customer needs. It seeks to move away from traditional, rigid, hierarchical, input-focused bureaucracies.
Statement 1 aligns with the NPM emphasis on efficiency and value for money. Statement 2 reflects the move towards flatter, more networked, and decentralized organizational structures (“clusters rather than pyramids”). Statement 3 highlights the NPM goal of creating more flexible and responsive operational systems. Statement 4 describes characteristics of traditional public administration, which NPM sought to reform, rather than NPM itself.
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