2012 Archives

11. Which one among the following statements is not correct?

Which one among the following statements is not correct?

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Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats are the two biodiversity hot spots in India

Central American lowland and highland forests are identified as biodiversity hot spots

The biodiversity hot spots are mostly confined to the tropical and subtropical regions of the world

The South-East Asian islands are not rich in biodiversity

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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Statement D is incorrect. The islands of South-East Asia, including regions like Sundaland, the Philippines, and Wallacea, are globally recognised as major biodiversity hotspots characterized by exceptionally high levels of endemic species and significant habitat loss. Therefore, these islands are extremely rich in biodiversity, not lacking it.

Biodiversity hotspots are regions with high levels of endemic species that are under significant threat.
Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats in India are recognised hotspots.
Mesoamerica (Central American lowlands and highlands) is a recognised hotspot.
Many hotspots are located in tropical and subtropical regions.
South-East Asian islands are part of several major biodiversity hotspots and are very rich in biodiversity.

The concept of biodiversity hotspots was introduced by Norman Myers. To qualify as a hotspot, a region must meet two strict criteria: it must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (> 0.5 percent of the world’s total), and it must have lost at least 70 percent of its primary vegetation. South-East Asian islands like Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea, Philippines, etc., are home to unique and diverse flora and fauna.

12. Which of the following service sectors in India had the highest percen

Which of the following service sectors in India had the highest percentage share to India’s GDP in the year 2010-2011?

Trade, hotels and restaurants

Construction

Transport, storage and communication

Community, social and personal services

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UPSC CAPF – 2012

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Based on economic data for India in the year 2010-2011, the sector ‘Trade, Hotels and Restaurants’ (often grouped with repairs) typically contributed the highest percentage share to India’s GDP among the options listed. While Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate is often the single largest service sector sub-category, it is not listed as an option. Comparing the given options, Trade, Hotels and Restaurants held the largest share.

Recall or refer to data regarding the contribution of different service sector sub-categories to India’s GDP around 2010-2011.
Typical large service sectors include Trade, Transport, Finance/Real Estate, and Community/Social services.

According to CSO data for 2010-11 (at constant prices), Trade, Hotels & Restaurants contributed approximately 16.3% to GDP, Transport, Storage & Communication contributed around 7.5%, Community, Social & Personal Services contributed around 14.0%, and Construction contributed around 8.0% (Note: Construction is typically classified under Industry/Secondary sector, but listed as an option). Finance, Insurance, Real Estate & Business Services contributed around 16.5%. Among the provided options, ‘Trade, hotels and restaurants’ had the highest share.

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13. Which one among the following is not a goal of National Action Plan fo

Which one among the following is not a goal of National Action Plan for Climate Change?

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To promote the development and use of solar energy

To reduce energy consumption through supply side management

Afforestation of degraded forest lands

Improvement in water-use efficiency through pricing and other measures

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UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) encompasses eight missions focused on various aspects of climate change mitigation and adaptation. Promoting solar energy (National Solar Mission), afforestation (National Mission for Green India), and improving water-use efficiency (National Water Mission) are explicit goals of the NAPCC. While reducing energy consumption is a goal (National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency), the specific method mentioned, “supply side management,” is not the primary or exclusive focus. The mission aims at improving efficiency across sectors, including demand-side actions and overall system efficiency, not just supply-side management. Therefore, B is the goal that is not as directly or exclusively stated as the others within the core objectives of NAPCC missions.

NAPCC consists of eight missions addressing climate change.
Key missions include solar energy, enhanced energy efficiency, water, green India, etc.
The Enhanced Energy Efficiency mission focuses broadly on improving energy efficiency, not specifically or exclusively on supply side management.

The eight missions of NAPCC are National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Water Mission, National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for a Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture, and National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change. Supply-side management relates to energy production and distribution, while energy efficiency missions often focus on reducing energy demand or improving efficiency across end-use sectors.

14. Consider the following statements about the Convention on the Rights o

Consider the following statements about the Convention on the Rights of the Child :

1. This is an international treaty which recognizes the human rights of children up to the age of 14 years.
2. It constitutes a common reference against which progress in meeting human right standards for children can be assessed and results compared.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

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UPSC CAPF – 2012

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Statement 1 is incorrect. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) defines a child as every human being below the age of 18 years, unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier (Article 1). It does not limit the age to 14 years.
Statement 2 is correct. The CRC sets universal standards for the rights of children and serves as a framework for monitoring and comparing progress made by states parties in fulfilling these rights.

The CRC defines a child as someone under 18 years old.
The CRC provides a comprehensive framework and set of standards for children’s rights globally.

The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most widely ratified human rights treaty in the world. It outlines a broad range of rights for children, including civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights.

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15. Which of the following statements about National Human Rights Commissi

Which of the following statements about National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is/are correct?

1. It is an alternative non-judicial channel.
2. Victims of human rights violations can seek reparation through NHRC.
3. It cannot grant immediate relief.
4. It has the direct power of enforcement.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only

1 and 2 only

1, 2 and 4

2, 3 and 4

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UPSC CAPF – 2012

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Statement 1 is correct: NHRC functions as an alternative, non-judicial mechanism for addressing human rights complaints.
Statement 2 is correct: NHRC can recommend reparation, including monetary compensation, to victims of human rights violations.
Statement 3 is generally considered correct in the sense that NHRC’s power is recommendatory; it cannot issue binding orders for immediate relief like a court of law. However, it can recommend interim measures. Given the options, the intended meaning is likely that it lacks the power to *grant* enforceable immediate relief.
Statement 4 is incorrect: NHRC is a recommendatory body. It does not have direct enforcement powers; it relies on the government to implement its recommendations.

NHRC is a recommendatory body with the power to inquire into human rights violations.
It can recommend compensation and other measures for victims.
It lacks judicial powers to issue binding orders or enforce its recommendations directly.

The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, defines the powers and functions of NHRC. While it has significant powers of inquiry and investigation, its recommendations are not legally binding on the government, although they carry moral authority and political weight.

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16. Which one among the following options is a word that cannot be formed

Which one among the following options is a word that cannot be formed from the letters used in INTELLIGENCE?

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ENTICE

GENTLE

ENGINE

INTENT

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UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The letters available in INTELLIGENCE are I(2), N(2), T(1), E(3), L(2), G(1), C(1). The word ‘INTENT’ requires the letters I(1), N(2), T(2), E(1). INTELLIGENCE has only one ‘T’, but INTENT requires two ‘T’s. Therefore, INTENT cannot be formed.

List the letters and their counts in the original word (INTELLIGENCE). Check the required letters and counts for each option. Identify the option for which the required letters or their count exceed what is available in the original word.

A) ENTICE requires E(2), N(1), T(1), I(1), C(1). Available: E(3), N(2), T(1), I(2), C(1). Can be formed.
B) GENTLE requires G(1), E(2), N(1), T(1), L(1). Available: G(1), E(3), N(2), T(1), L(2). Can be formed.
C) ENGINE requires E(2), N(2), G(1), I(1). Available: E(3), N(2), G(1), I(2). Can be formed.

17. Which one among the following options is a word that can be formed fro

Which one among the following options is a word that can be formed from the letters used in INTELLIGENCE?

SCIENCE

NOTICE

INCITE

ENTAIL

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The letters available in INTELLIGENCE are I(2), N(2), T(1), E(3), L(2), G(1), C(1). The word ‘INCITE’ requires the letters I(2), N(1), C(1), T(1), E(1). All these letters are present in INTELLIGENCE in sufficient or greater quantity (INTELLIGENCE has 2 I’s, 2 N’s, 1 C, 1 T, 3 E’s). Therefore, INCITE can be formed.

To solve this, list the letters and their counts in the original word. Then, check if the required letters for each option are available in sufficient quantities.

A) SCIENCE requires ‘S’ which is not in INTELLIGENCE.
B) NOTICE requires ‘O’ which is not in INTELLIGENCE.
D) ENTAIL requires ‘A’ which is not in INTELLIGENCE.

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18. Statement : Trade union leadership is in the hands of politicians. Ass

Statement :
Trade union leadership is in the hands of politicians.
Assumptions :

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I. Trade unions have leaders.
II. Leaders are generally politicians.

Only I is implied in the statement

Only II is implied in the statement

Both I and II are implied in the statement

Neither I nor II is implied in the statement

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The statement “Trade union leadership is in the hands of politicians” inherently assumes that trade unions possess ‘leadership’. If there were no leaders, the concept of ‘trade union leadership’ being in certain hands would be nonsensical. Therefore, Assumption I is implied.

Assumption I (“Trade unions have leaders”) is a necessary condition for the statement to make sense.
Assumption II (“Leaders are generally politicians”) is a generalization about leaders in general, which is not supported by the statement. The statement only specifies the nature of leadership *in trade unions* in this particular context, not the general characteristic of leaders everywhere.

Assumption questions require distinguishing between what is necessarily implied by the statement and what might be a general belief or additional information not contained within the statement itself.

19. Statement : If you lose after competing hard that is fine. If you lose

Statement :
If you lose after competing hard that is fine. If you lose without trying hard that is what disappoints me.
Assumptions :

I. Losing after trying hard is excusable.
II. Losing without effort is regrettable.

Only I is implied in the statement

Only II is implied in the statement

Both I and II are implied in the statement

Neither I nor II is implied in the statement

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The statement “If you lose after competing hard that is fine” directly implies that losing under conditions of high effort is acceptable or excusable. The phrase “that is what disappoints me” in reference to losing without trying hard implies that such a loss is undesirable or regrettable.

The first part of the statement (“If you lose after competing hard that is fine”) supports Assumption I.
The second part of the statement (“If you lose without trying hard that is what disappoints me”) supports Assumption II.

This is an example of a question testing the ability to identify implicit assumptions based on explicit statements. The statement clearly distinguishes between two types of losses and assigns a value judgment to each, directly corresponding to the two assumptions.

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20. Directions : In each of the following three (3) items, a statement is

Directions :
In each of the following three (3) items, a statement is followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. An assumption is a statement that you take for granted. Study the statement and assumptions, and answer the items using the code given below :

Code :
(a) Only I is implied in the statement
(b) Only II is implied in the statement
(c) Both I and II are implied in the statement
(d) Neither I nor II is implied in the statement

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106. Statement :
Teaching through TV is to help the students to learn without a teacher.
Assumptions :

I. Students want to study without a teacher.
II. Teachers are incapable of teaching.

Only I is implied in the statement

Only II is implied in the statement

Both I and II are implied in the statement

Neither I nor II is implied in the statement

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Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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Neither assumption I nor assumption II is implied in the given statement.

– The statement “Teaching through TV is to help the students to learn without a teacher” describes the purpose or function of teaching via TV in a specific context: facilitating learning when a physical teacher is not present.
– Assumption I (“Students want to study without a teacher”) is not implied. The statement doesn’t suggest student preference; the method might be used due to necessity, convenience, or other reasons unrelated to student desire.
– Assumption II (“Teachers are incapable of teaching”) is not implied. The statement doesn’t comment on the capability of teachers. TV teaching is presented as an alternative or supplementary method, possibly used *because* a teacher is unavailable, not *because* teachers are incompetent. Capable teachers might even design the TV content.
– The statement focuses on the ‘how’ and ‘what’ of TV teaching in a particular scenario, not the ‘why’ in terms of inherent preference or capability relative to traditional teaching.

This type of reasoning question tests the ability to distinguish between what is explicitly stated or logically follows from a statement versus external assumptions or justifications that are not necessarily supported by the statement itself.