2012

1. Consider the following statements: 1. Vladimir Putin took his oath

Consider the following statements:

  • 1. Vladimir Putin took his oath of office in May 2012 as the President of Russia for the third time defeating Dmitri Medvedev.
  • 2. Mr. Putin has been facing unprecedented challenges after mass protest against his election.
  • 3. Dmitri Medvedev was the Prime Minister of Russia during the presidency of Mr. Putin.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1, 2 and 3
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
1 only
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Statement 1 is incorrect. Vladimir Putin took his oath of office in May 2012 for his third term as President, but he defeated Gennady Zyuganov in the election, not Dmitri Medvedev. Medvedev was the outgoing president who did not contest against Putin.
Statement 2 is correct. Following the parliamentary elections in 2011 and the presidential election in 2012, Russia saw significant protests against alleged election fraud and against Putin’s return to the presidency.
Statement 3 is correct. Dmitri Medvedev, after serving as President from 2008 to 2012, was appointed as the Prime Minister of Russia by President Putin in May 2012 and served in that capacity until January 2020.
Therefore, statements 2 and 3 are correct, while statement 1 is incorrect.
Knowledge of recent political developments and key political figures in major countries is relevant for current affairs questions.
Vladimir Putin had previously served two consecutive terms as President (2000-2008). Due to term limits, Medvedev served one term (2008-2012), during which Putin served as Prime Minister. Putin’s return to the presidency in 2012 was possible as the term limit applied to consecutive terms.

2. On June 2012, about 40 nations participated in an Investment Summit he

On June 2012, about 40 nations participated in an Investment Summit held in New Delhi organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry in association with the Government of India to attract foreign direct investment to a country. Which one among the following is the beneficiary country?

Afghanistan
Nepal
Bangladesh
India
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In June 2012, India hosted the “Delhi Investment Summit on Afghanistan” in New Delhi, co-hosted with the Government of Afghanistan and organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). The purpose of the summit was to attract foreign direct investment from Indian and international investors to Afghanistan to support its economic development.
Identifying significant international events and conferences hosted by India and their objectives requires awareness of contemporary global and regional affairs.
India has been a significant development partner for Afghanistan. The summit was part of efforts to boost investment in Afghanistan during a critical period of transition.

3. Consider the following about the initiatives taken by the Government o

Consider the following about the initiatives taken by the Government of India with regard to total sanitation campaign:

  • 1. Implementation of Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan scheme
  • 2. Encouragement of the use of bio-toilet facility developed by DRDO on bio-digester technology
  • 3. Making toilet construction mandatory for every household

Which of the above is/are correct?

1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 only
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Statement 1 is correct: The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) was revamped and renamed as Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) in 2012.
Statement 2 is correct: Promotion of bio-toilets, including those developed by DRDO based on bio-digester technology, has been part of the government’s sanitation initiatives under schemes like NBA and later Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
Statement 3 is not entirely correct. While the campaign aimed for universal toilet coverage (effectively making it necessary for achieving the goal), making toilet construction legally “mandatory” for *every* household across the board can be an overstatement regarding the implementation mechanisms, which primarily relied on incentives and community approaches rather than strict legal mandates enforced on existing structures. However, the goal and strong policy push aimed for universal coverage, often interpreted as making it ‘mandatory’ to achieve Open Defecation Free status. Given that option A includes 3 and option B does not, and 1 and 2 are clearly stated initiatives, it’s more likely that 3 was not considered universally mandatory in a legal sense during the period the question pertains to (around early 2010s based on other question IDs). Therefore, 1 and 2 are the correct statements.
Understanding the various schemes and initiatives related to sanitation in India and their specific features is important.
The Total Sanitation Campaign (1999) was succeeded by Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (2012), which was further restructured into the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (2014) with a target of achieving Open Defecation Free India by 2019. Bio-toilets using DRDO technology became a popular option for their environmental benefits.

4. Which of the following statements about National Green Tribunal is/are

Which of the following statements about National Green Tribunal is/are correct?

  • 1. It is a specialized body equipped with the necessary expertise to handle environmental disputes involving multidisciplinary issues.
  • 2. The Tribunal shall be bound by the procedure laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
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Statement 1 is correct. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) is established under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, as a specialized judicial body equipped with environmental experts to handle cases involving environmental issues that are often multidisciplinary.
Statement 2 is incorrect. Section 19(1) of the NGT Act, 2010, explicitly states that the Tribunal shall not be bound by the procedure laid down in the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, but shall be guided by the principles of natural justice.
Key features and powers of statutory bodies like the NGT are important for understanding environmental governance in India.
The NGT was established for effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests and other natural resources. It has dedicated benches across the country.

5. Who among the following had written to the Viceroy, “The Congress is a

Who among the following had written to the Viceroy, “The Congress is as much opposed to victory for Nazism as any Britisher can be. But their objective cannot be carried to the extent of their participation in the war”?

Jawaharlal Nehru
Mahatma Gandhi
J. B. Kripalini
C. Rajagopalachari
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This quote reflects the stance taken by Mahatma Gandhi during World War II. While condemning Nazism, Gandhi was against India’s participation in the war based on non-violent principles, especially when India’s consent was not sought by the British government before involving the country in the war. This specific quote is attributed to a letter written by Gandhi to Viceroy Lord Linlithgow around 1940.
Understanding the different stands taken by Indian leaders during World War II regarding support for the British war effort is important.
Mahatma Gandhi advocated for non-violent resistance and sought complete independence. Jawaharlal Nehru also opposed Nazism and Fascism but was more inclined towards supporting the Allied cause conditional on immediate independence or a commitment to it. Other leaders had varying perspectives.

6. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List-I
(Individual)		 List-II
(Organization)
A. Bhagat Singh 1. Congress
B. Swami Sahajananda 2. Hindustan Socialist Republic Association
C. G. K. Gokhale 3. All India Trade Union Congress
D. S. A. Dange 4. All India Kisan Sabha

Code :

A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
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Matching the individuals with their respective organizations:
A. Bhagat Singh was a prominent member of the Hindustan Socialist Republic Association (HSRA).
B. Swami Sahajananda Saraswati was the founder of the All India Kisan Sabha.
C. G. K. Gokhale was a leading moderate leader of the Indian National Congress and founded the Servants of India Society.
D. S. A. Dange was a founding member of the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) and a prominent communist leader.
Thus, the correct match is A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3.
Knowledge of prominent personalities of the Indian independence movement and their associated organizations is essential.
The Hindustan Socialist Republic Association was a revolutionary organization founded in 1928. The All India Kisan Sabha was formed in 1936 to address peasant issues. The Indian National Congress was the premier political organization leading the independence movement. The All India Trade Union Congress was formed in 1920 and is one of the oldest trade union federations in India.

7. Which one among the following statements is not correct?

Which one among the following statements is not correct?

The plane of separation between the crust and mantle is known as Mohorovicic discontinuity
The mantle contains more than two-third of the total material mass of the Earth
The mantle is composed of the heaviest materials of the Earth
The inner core of the Earth is in solid state
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Statement C is incorrect. The mantle is not composed of the heaviest materials of the Earth. The inner and outer core are composed of the heaviest materials, primarily iron and nickel. The density increases from the crust through the mantle to the core.
Understanding the composition and characteristics of Earth’s interior layers (crust, mantle, core) is crucial for answering questions about geophysics.
Statement A is correct: The Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho) is the boundary between the Earth’s crust and the mantle. Statement B is correct: The mantle constitutes about 84% of Earth’s volume and around 67% of its mass. Statement D is correct: Due to immense pressure, the inner core is in a solid state despite extremely high temperatures.

8. Which one among the following is the nearest from the ‘Zero Mile Centr

Which one among the following is the nearest from the ‘Zero Mile Centre’ of India?

Taj Mahal
Charminar
Gateway of India
Victoria Memorial
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The ‘Zero Mile Centre’ is a monument located in Nagpur, Maharashtra, signifying the geographical centre of India. Among the options provided, Charminar is located in Hyderabad, Telangana. Hyderabad is geographically closer to Nagpur compared to Agra (Taj Mahal), Mumbai (Gateway of India), or Kolkata (Victoria Memorial).
This question tests general geographical knowledge about the locations of prominent landmarks in India and their relative positions.
The Zero Mile Stone in Nagpur was erected by the British and used to measure distances across India.

9. Which one among the following Indian States shares international bound

Which one among the following Indian States shares international boundaries with three nations?

Uttarakhand
Himachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
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The state of Arunachal Pradesh shares international boundaries with three countries: Bhutan to the west, China (Tibet Autonomous Region) to the north and northeast, and Myanmar (Burma) to the southeast.
Identifying states bordering multiple countries requires knowledge of India’s geographical boundaries and its neighbours.
Uttarakhand borders China and Nepal. Himachal Pradesh borders China. Assam borders Bhutan and Bangladesh. Other states bordering three nations include Jammu and Kashmir (before bifurcation into UTs, with Pakistan, China, Afghanistan – disputed border claims), Sikkim (Nepal, Bhutan, China), and West Bengal (Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh).

10. Which one among the following Indian States shares boundaries with the

Which one among the following Indian States shares boundaries with the largest number of States?

Madhya Pradesh
Chhattisgarh
Maharashtra
Assam
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To find the state sharing boundaries with the largest number of states, list the bordering states for each option:
A) Madhya Pradesh: Borders Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh (5 states).
B) Chhattisgarh: Borders Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Telangana (formerly part of undivided AP), Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh (6 states).
C) Maharashtra: Borders Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, Karnataka, Goa (6 states).
D) Assam: Borders Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, West Bengal (7 states).
Determine the neighbouring states for each of the given options by referring to a map of India.
Count the number of bordering states for each option.
Compare the counts to find the state bordering the largest number of others.
Assam’s geographical location in the Northeast makes it share borders with most of the other northeastern states as well as West Bengal. While it also shares international borders, the question specifically asks for Indian states.
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