2010

71. Consider the following items of wholesale price index : 1. Primary

Consider the following items of wholesale price index :

  • 1. Primary articles
  • 2. Fuel, power, lights and lubricants
  • 3. Manufacturing products

Arrange the above items in descending order in terms of their weightage in calculating wholesale price index :

[amp_mcq option1=”1, 2, 3″ option2=”1, 3, 2″ option3=”3, 1, 2″ option4=”3, 2, 1″ correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Arranging the items in descending order of their weightage in calculating the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) gives: Manufacturing products, Primary articles, Fuel, power, lights and lubricants.
The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) in India is calculated based on the weighted average of prices of a basket of commodities. The commodities are classified into three major groups with different weightages reflecting their relative importance in wholesale trade. As per the current series (Base Year 2011-12), the weightages are approximately: Manufactured Products (64.23%), Primary Articles (22.62%), and Fuel & Power (13.15%). While the exact percentages may vary slightly with base year revisions, the descending order of weightage consistently remains Manufacturing > Primary > Fuel & Power.
WPI measures the average change in the prices of commodities at the wholesale level. It is primarily used as a macroeconomic indicator for monitoring inflation, formulating trade and fiscal policies, and in business decisions like price negotiation and escalation clauses. The base year for WPI is revised periodically to reflect changes in the structure of the economy.

72. Which of the following is/are the methods of prevention from HIV infec

Which of the following is/are the methods of prevention from HIV infection ?

  • 1. Use of condoms.
  • 2. Use of intra-uterine devices like Copper-T.
  • 3. Staying away from HIV infected person.
  • 4. Using a face mask when in company of HIV infected person.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”3 and 4″ option3=”1, 2 and 4″ option4=”1 only” correct=”option4″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Among the given options, the use of condoms is a method of prevention from HIV infection.
Using condoms correctly and consistently during sexual activity significantly reduces the risk of HIV transmission. Intra-uterine devices (like Copper-T) are contraceptives and do not prevent HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Staying away from an HIV-infected person is not necessary for prevention as HIV is not transmitted through casual contact. Using a face mask is irrelevant as HIV is not an airborne virus.
Other effective methods for preventing HIV transmission include abstinence, reducing the number of sexual partners, consistent and correct use of condoms, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), using sterile needles for injection, and safe blood transfusion practices. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) can also reduce the viral load in infected individuals to undetectable levels, effectively preventing sexual transmission (Undetectable = Untransmittable, U=U).

73. Which of the following are the risk factors in the transmission of the

Which of the following are the risk factors in the transmission of the HIV infection ?

  • 1. Smoking and drinking alcohol
  • 2. Observing bad hygiene
  • 3. Blood transfusion
  • 4. Unprotected sex

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 3 only” option2=”3 and 4 only” option3=”1, 3 and 4″ option4=”1, 2 and 4″ correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
The risk factors in the transmission of the HIV infection among the given options are Blood transfusion and Unprotected sex.
HIV is transmitted through specific bodily fluids: blood, semen, vaginal secretions, rectal fluids, and breast milk. Transmission routes primarily involve unprotected sexual contact (vaginal, anal, oral), sharing of needles or syringes, blood transfusions (rare in countries with screening), and from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Smoking, drinking alcohol, and general bad hygiene are not direct routes of HIV transmission.
HIV is not transmitted through casual contact like touching, hugging, kissing, sharing utensils, using the same toilet, or mosquito bites. Understanding the actual transmission routes is crucial for prevention.

74. Which one of the following statements regarding matter is *not* correc

Which one of the following statements regarding matter is *not* correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Matter is anything that occupies space” option2=”At high temperatures matter becomes plasma” option3=”All matter is composed of large particles such as atoms and molecules” option4=”Colloids are made up of larger particles of matter” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
The statement that is *not* correct regarding matter is “All matter is composed of large particles such as atoms and molecules”.
While atoms and molecules are fundamental building blocks for common states of matter (solid, liquid, gas), not *all* matter is composed *only* of atoms and molecules, especially described as “large particles”. Matter can exist as plasma (ionized gas, consisting of ions and free electrons), which is not composed of intact atoms or molecules. Fundamental particles (like quarks, electrons, neutrinos) are also considered matter. The term “large particles” is also relative and misleading in a fundamental description of matter composition. Statements A, B, and D are correct descriptions of aspects of matter: A) Matter occupies space and has mass. B) Plasma is a high-temperature state of matter. D) Colloids are indeed dispersions of particles larger than those in true solutions.
The four common states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Bose-Einstein condensates are another state of matter at extremely low temperatures. Matter is fundamentally composed of elementary particles, which can combine to form composite particles like protons and neutrons, which in turn form atomic nuclei. Atoms consist of a nucleus and electrons, and atoms combine to form molecules or ionic lattices.

75. Which one of the following is a compound ?

Which one of the following is a compound ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Milk” option2=”Sugar” option3=”Tea” option4=”Coffee” correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Among the given options, Sugar is a compound.
A compound is a substance formed when two or more different chemical elements are chemically bonded together in a fixed proportion. Milk, Tea, and Coffee are all mixtures. They consist of various substances physically mixed together, not chemically bonded in fixed ratios. “Sugar” typically refers to sucrose (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁), which is a molecule composed of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen chemically bonded in a fixed ratio, making it a compound.
A mixture is a substance consisting of two or more components not chemically combined. The components of a mixture retain their individual properties and can often be separated by physical means. Examples include air (mixture of gases), salt water (salt dissolved in water), milk, tea, and coffee.

76. Ice is lighter than pure water and floats on the surface. Which one of

Ice is lighter than pure water and floats on the surface. Which one of the following statements is correct to explain this phenomenon ?

[amp_mcq option1=”The structure of ice is similar to that of water” option2=”Ice has a disordered 3-dimensional structure” option3=”Hydrogen-bonding in ice gives an open type structure with interstitial holes” option4=”There is no hydrogen bonding in water” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
The correct statement explaining why ice is lighter than pure water is that hydrogen-bonding in ice gives an open type structure with interstitial holes.
In the solid state (ice), water molecules are held in a crystalline structure by hydrogen bonds. This structure is an open lattice containing hexagonal rings, with significant empty space or “interstitial holes” between the molecules. In the liquid state (water), although hydrogen bonds are still present and constantly breaking and reforming, the structure is less ordered and more compact than ice. As a result, a given mass of ice occupies a larger volume than the same mass of liquid water at the same temperature, leading to ice having a lower density and thus floating on water.
Most substances become denser in the solid state than in the liquid state. Water is unusual in this regard, exhibiting anomalous expansion (or contraction) upon melting or freezing. The density of water is maximum at 4°C. This property is crucial for aquatic life in cold climates, as ice forms on the surface, insulating the water below.

77. The vesting of ‘residuary’ powers in the central government by the Con

The vesting of ‘residuary’ powers in the central government by the Constitution of India indicates :

[amp_mcq option1=”that India is a federal polity.” option2=”that India is neither federal nor unitary.” option3=”that India is quasi federal.” option4=”unitary character of Indian polity.” correct=”option4″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
The vesting of ‘residuary’ powers in the central government by the Constitution of India indicates the unitary character of Indian polity.
– In a federal system, powers are divided between the central government and state governments. Residuary powers are powers not enumerated in any list.
– Giving these unenumerated powers to the central government is a feature that strengthens the centre relative to the states.
– This centralizing tendency is a characteristic of a unitary bias or unitary features within a federal or quasi-federal structure.
– While India is often described as quasi-federal (option C), the *specific indication* of vesting residuary powers in the centre points towards the strength of the union government, which is a unitary characteristic. Purely federal systems might vest residuary powers with the states (like in the USA).
Article 248 of the Indian Constitution deals with Residuary Powers of Legislation. It states that Parliament has exclusive power to make any law with respect to any matter not enumerated in the Concurrent List or State List. This is a clear constitutional provision favoring the central government, highlighting a significant deviation from strict federalism and leaning towards a unitary structure in terms of legislative authority over residual subjects.

78. Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their :

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their :

[amp_mcq option1=”lack of colour.” option2=”ability to flow.” option3=”inability to form free surfaces.” option4=”ability to exert a buoyant force.” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their inability to form free surfaces.
– Solids have fixed shape and volume. Liquids have fixed volume but take the shape of the container from the bottom up, forming a free surface under gravity. Gases take the shape and volume of the entire container.
– Gases expand to fill whatever container they are in, meaning they do not form a distinct boundary or “free surface” in the way liquids do.
– Lack of colour (A) is not universal for gases (e.g., NO2 is brown).
– Ability to flow (B) is characteristic of both liquids and gases (they are both fluids).
– Ability to exert a buoyant force (D) is also characteristic of both liquids and gases (both are fluids).
The defining characteristics of gases at a macroscopic level include: they have no fixed shape or volume, they are easily compressible, and they diffuse readily. The inability to form a free surface is a direct consequence of their molecules having high kinetic energy and weak intermolecular forces, causing them to spread out and occupy the entire volume of the container.

79. Which one of the following pairs of rays is *not* electromagnetic in n

Which one of the following pairs of rays is *not* electromagnetic in nature ?

[amp_mcq option1=”X-rays and cathode rays” option2=”Gamma rays and X-rays” option3=”Alpha rays and beta rays” option4=”Beta rays and gamma rays” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Alpha rays and beta rays are *not* electromagnetic in nature.
– Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of waves of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that travel at the speed of light. Examples include radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
– X-rays and gamma rays are high-energy forms of electromagnetic radiation.
– Alpha rays are streams of alpha particles, which are helium nuclei (2 protons, 2 neutrons). They are massive particles with a positive charge.
– Beta rays are streams of beta particles, which are high-energy electrons (β⁻ decay) or positrons (β⁺ decay). They are particles with a negative or positive charge.
– Cathode rays are streams of electrons, typically observed in vacuum tubes. They are also particles.
Alpha, beta, and cathode rays are beams of charged particles, subject to electric and magnetic fields in a way that EM waves are not (EM waves are only affected by changes in the medium they travel through or by strong gravitational fields in extreme cases).

80. Spectacles used for viewing 3-Dimensional films have :

Spectacles used for viewing 3-Dimensional films have :

[amp_mcq option1=”convex lens.” option2=”polaroids.” option3=”concave lens.” option4=”bifocal lens.” correct=”option2″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2010
Download PDFAttempt Online
Spectacles used for viewing 3-Dimensional films often use polaroids (polarizing filters).
– One common method for displaying 3D films uses polarized light. Two images are projected simultaneously, each polarized differently (e.g., linearly polarized at 90 degrees to each other, or circularly polarized in opposite directions).
– The 3D glasses contain polarizing filters (polaroids) that match the polarization of the projected images. The filter over the left eye allows only the image intended for the left eye to pass through, and the filter over the right eye allows only the image intended for the right eye.
– The brain then combines these two slightly different images to create the perception of depth.
Older 3D systems used colored filters (anaglyph glasses, typically red and cyan). Modern active 3D systems use glasses with electronic shutters (LCD lenses) that rapidly open and close in sync with the display showing alternating images for the left and right eyes. The question likely refers to passive polarization glasses commonly used in cinemas or with some 3D TVs.
Page 1Page 2Page 3Page 4Page 5