2010

51. Which among the following actions would violate human rights? 1. State

Which among the following actions would violate human rights?
1. State forces disrupting peaceful protests.
2. State forces carrying out search warrants in insurgency affected areas.
3. State forces engaging with armed insurgents in civilian areas resulting in loss of civilian lives.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

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1 and 3
1 and 2
3 only
None of the above
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UPSC CAPF – 2010
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Statement 1 describes state forces disrupting *peaceful* protests. The right to peaceful assembly is a fundamental human right. Disrupting such protests, especially through excessive force, is a violation of human rights. Statement 3 describes state forces engaging armed insurgents in civilian areas resulting in civilian deaths. While engaging armed threats is legitimate, doing so in civilian areas requires utmost caution to protect civilians. The outcome of civilian deaths strongly suggests a failure to take adequate precautions or the use of disproportionate force, which constitutes a violation of human rights and potentially international humanitarian law principles like distinction and proportionality. Statement 2 describes state forces carrying out lawful search warrants, which is a legitimate function of law enforcement and does not inherently violate human rights if conducted according to legal procedures and with respect for dignity. Therefore, actions 1 and 3 would violate human rights.
Violating the right to peaceful assembly (1) and causing civilian casualties due to insufficient care or disproportionate force during engagements in civilian areas (3) are human rights violations. Lawful search warrants (2) are not.
International human rights law protects rights such as the right to peaceful assembly and the right to life. International humanitarian law, applicable during armed conflicts, provides rules for the conduct of hostilities, including the protection of civilians and principles like distinction between combatants and civilians, and proportionality in attack. State actions must adhere to these frameworks.

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52. Operation All Clear was launched by:

Operation All Clear was launched by:

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The Indian Army against the NSCN (IM) in Nagaland
The Indian Army and Myanmarese Militaries against the insurgents of North East India
The Royal Bhutan Army against the insurgents of North East India
The Indian Army against the militants of Jammu and Kashmir
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Operation All Clear was a military operation launched by the Royal Bhutan Army in December 2003 to flush out Assamese separatist insurgent groups (like ULFA, NDFB, KLO) who had established camps in the dense jungles of southern Bhutan. India provided logistical and other support but the operation was conducted by Bhutan.
Operation All Clear was conducted by the Royal Bhutan Army against militants from North East India operating from Bhutanese territory.
This operation was significant as Bhutan, traditionally neutral, took direct military action against foreign militant groups operating within its borders, impacting insurgent movements in India’s Northeast.

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53. Which one among the following statements about Agni-I is correct ?

Which one among the following statements about Agni-I is correct ?

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It is a single stage, solid fuel missile
It has a maximum striking range of 1000 kms
It is a double stage, solid fuel missile
It has a maximum striking range of 1500 kms
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Agni-I is a Short Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM). It is a single-stage, solid-fuel missile. Statement A accurately describes its structural and fuel characteristics. Statement C is incorrect as it is single-stage. Statement B gives a range of 1000 kms, which is within its capability range (typically 700-1200 km), but statement A is a more fundamental and precise description of the missile design. Statement D gives a range of 1500 kms, which is more characteristic of Agni-II.
Agni-I is characterized by its single-stage, solid-propellant design.
The Agni missile system is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India. Agni-I was the first variant developed after the Agni Demonstrator projects. Subsequent variants (Agni-II, III, IV, V, and Prime) are multi-stage with varying ranges and capabilities.

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54. Which one among the following is the oldest regiment of the Indian Arm

Which one among the following is the oldest regiment of the Indian Army ?

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The Punjab Regiment
The Madras Regiment
The Dogra Regiment
The Gorkha Rifles
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The Madras Regiment is the oldest infantry regiment of the Indian Army. Its origins can be traced back to the 1750s during the Carnatic Wars when various companies of Indian sepoys were raised by the British East India Company, which were later consolidated.
The Madras Regiment predates other listed regiments and holds the distinction of being the oldest infantry regiment of the Indian Army.
The Punjab Regiment also has old components tracing back to the 18th century, but the formal raising date of the Madras Regiment as a collective entity is considered earlier. The Dogra Regiment was raised in the late 19th century, and the Gorkha Rifles (various regiments) have their origins in the early to mid-19th century.

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55. Which of the following statements regarding the ‘doctrine of cold star

Which of the following statements regarding the ‘doctrine of cold start’ of the Indian Army is/are correct ?

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  • 1. It involves joint operations between India’s three services and integrated battle groups.
  • 2. It is a defensive doctrine to respond to Pakistani attack on Indian territory.
  • 3. The doctrine was launched in the year 2004.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

2 only
1 only
1 and 3
2 and 3
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The ‘Cold Start’ doctrine, as widely understood, involves rapid mobilization and the use of integrated battle groups (IBGs) comprising elements from all three services for swift, limited offensive operations across the border. This aligns with statement 1. The doctrine was conceptualized and discussed in the early 2000s, particularly after Operation Parakram (2001-02), with 2004 often cited as the period of its formulation or public emergence, making statement 3 correct. Statement 2 is incorrect as the doctrine is fundamentally about launching rapid offensive thrusts in response to an attack, rather than being purely defensive; it is designed to be proactive in punishing the aggressor quickly.
The Cold Start doctrine emphasizes rapid mobilization, integrated forces (IBGs), and is an offensive response capability. It was developed in the early 2000s.
The doctrine aims to allow the Indian Army to launch punitive operations against Pakistan quickly, before international pressure can force a ceasefire and before Pakistan can contemplate the use of tactical nuclear weapons under its “first-use” policy. While the official term ‘Cold Start’ has been debated, the concept of rapid, integrated, limited offensive capabilities is pursued by the Indian Army.

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56. With which one among the following countries India does not have any d

With which one among the following countries India does not have any defence treaty ?

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France
Israel
China
UK
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India does not have a comprehensive defence treaty with China. While India has robust defence partnerships involving treaties, joint exercises, and significant cooperation with countries like France, Israel, and the UK, its relationship with China is primarily characterized by border management agreements and confidence-building measures due to ongoing border disputes and strategic competition, rather than a formal defence treaty.
India maintains close defence cooperation and agreements with France, Israel, and the UK. India’s relationship with China is complex and lacks a formal defence treaty.
India has strategic partnerships with France and the UK, involving significant defence trade and joint exercises. Israel is a major supplier of advanced defence technology to India. India and China have signed various border peace and tranquility agreements but not a defence treaty.

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57. Consider the following passage and identify the festival referred ther

Consider the following passage and identify the festival referred therein using the code given below :
This festival is celebrated to commemorate the advent of New Year. The celebration is marked with ancient rituals, the stage fights between good and evil, chanting and passing through the crowds with fire torches. The dance of the Ibex deer and the dramatic battles between the King and his ministers add to the joyous atmosphere. The festival is full of dance, music and merry-making.
Code :

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Losar
Ullambana
Passover
Gahambars
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The passage describes the festival of Losar.
Losar is the Tibetan New Year festival, celebrated by Buddhist communities in regions like Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal, and parts of India (Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim). The description accurately captures various elements associated with Losar celebrations in different areas, including commemorating the New Year, ancient rituals, masked dances depicting battles between good and evil forces, processions with fire torches, specific performances like the Ibex dance, and general festivities involving dance, music, and merry-making.
Ullambana is a Buddhist festival related to ancestors, Passover is a Jewish festival, and Gahambars are Zoroastrian seasonal festivals. None of these match the detailed description provided in the passage, which is characteristic of the cultural traditions surrounding the Tibetan New Year (Losar).

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58. Consider the following statements : 1. Non Resident Indians (NRIs) c

Consider the following statements :

  • 1. Non Resident Indians (NRIs) can not maintain both Rupee and foreign currency accounts in India.
  • 2. The National Commission for Women has recommended that registration of marriages of NRIs be made mandatory.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

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1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
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Statement 2 is correct, while statement 1 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect. Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) are permitted to maintain various types of bank accounts in India, including both Rupee accounts (like NRE – Non-Resident External and NRO – Non-Resident Ordinary accounts) and foreign currency accounts (like FCNR(B) – Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Bank) accounts). Statement 2 is correct. The National Commission for Women (NCW) in India has repeatedly recommended making the registration of marriages of NRIs mandatory to protect Indian women marrying NRIs from issues like abandonment, domestic violence, and lack of legal recourse.
The mandatory registration of NRI marriages has been discussed and proposed as legislative measure to provide greater legal protection and facilitate action in cases of marital disputes or abandonment involving NRI spouses.

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59. Consider the following statements : 1. Nuclear power is the fourth l

Consider the following statements :

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  • 1. Nuclear power is the fourth largest source of electricity in India after thermal, hydro and renewable sources.
  • 2. India is a non-signatory of the Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty.
  • 3. India is a member of Nuclear Suppliers Group.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
1 only
2 and 3 only
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Statements 1 and 2 are correct, while statement 3 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is correct. Around 2010, nuclear power was indeed a significant source of electricity in India, often ranked fourth after thermal, hydro, and increasingly, the growing renewable energy sources. Statement 2 is correct. India has not signed the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapon state, considering it discriminatory. Statement 3 is incorrect. While India received a waiver from the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) in 2008 allowing it to engage in global civilian nuclear commerce, India is not a formal member of the NSG. India has sought membership but faced obstacles from some member countries.
India’s nuclear program operates both civilian and military components. The civilian program, which falls under IAEA safeguards following the 2008 NSG waiver, aims to contribute to the country’s energy security.

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60. The objective of the ‘Golden Handshake’ scheme was to :

The objective of the ‘Golden Handshake’ scheme was to :

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stabilize the prices of gold in the market.
improve the labour-management relations in industrial organizations.
close the sick industrial units.
reduce the burden of overstaffing in public enterprises.
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The objective of the ‘Golden Handshake’ scheme is primarily to reduce the burden of overstaffing in public enterprises.
The term “Golden Handshake” is commonly used to refer to a Voluntary Retirement Scheme (VRS). Such schemes are offered by companies, particularly public sector enterprises (PSUs) in India, to employees as an incentive to voluntarily retire before their normal retirement age. The main purpose is to reduce the number of employees and thus the overall wage bill, often to address issues of overstaffing, improve efficiency, or restructure the organization. While it might sometimes be used in the context of closing sick units, its core objective is workforce reduction, especially where overstaffing is a problem.
The compensation offered under a VRS is typically more attractive than regular retirement benefits, aiming to make the voluntary separation appealing to a sufficient number of employees.

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