The correct answer is B. Psammosere.
A psammosere is a type of plant succession that occurs on sand dunes. It is a gradual process that begins with the colonization of bare sand by pioneer species, such as lichens and mosses. These species help to stabilize the sand and create a more hospitable environment for other plants. Over time, the community of plants changes as more and more species are able to tolerate the harsh conditions of the sand dune. Eventually, a climax community of plants is established that is adapted to the sandy environment.
A hydrosere is a type of plant succession that occurs in water. It is a gradual process that begins with the colonization of bare rocks or soil by pioneer species, such as algae and mosses. These species help to trap sediment and create a more hospitable environment for other plants. Over time, the community of plants changes as more and more species are able to tolerate the wet conditions of the water. Eventually, a climax community of plants is established that is adapted to the aquatic environment.
A xerosere is a type of plant succession that occurs in dry environments. It is a gradual process that begins with the colonization of bare rocks or soil by pioneer species, such as lichens and mosses. These species help to trap moisture and create a more hospitable environment for other plants. Over time, the community of plants changes as more and more species are able to tolerate the dry conditions of the environment. Eventually, a climax community of plants is established that is adapted to the dry environment.
An oxylosere is a type of plant succession that occurs in acidic environments. It is a gradual process that begins with the colonization of bare rocks or soil by pioneer species, such as lichens and mosses. These species help to neutralize the acidity of the soil and create a more hospitable environment for other plants. Over time, the community of plants changes as more and more species are able to tolerate the acidic conditions of the environment. Eventually, a climax community of plants is established that is adapted to the acidic environment.