The correct answer is: a) Writings and speeches.
Subramania Bharati was a Tamil poet, writer, journalist, freedom fighter, social reformer, and Indian nationalist. He is considered one of the greatest Tamil literary figures of all time. His writings and speeches inspired Tamil nationalism and helped to shape the modern Tamil identity.
Bharati was born in Ettayapuram, Tamil Nadu, in 1882. He was educated at the Presidency College in Chennai and the University of Madras. After graduating, he worked as a journalist and a teacher. He also began writing poetry and essays in Tamil.
In 1904, Bharati married Chellamma. The couple had two children, a son and a daughter.
In 1906, Bharati moved to Pondicherry, where he came into contact with the Theosophical Society. He was influenced by the Society’s teachings on spirituality and social reform.
In 1908, Bharati returned to Chennai. He began writing for the Tamil newspaper Swadesamitran. He also started a weekly magazine called India.
In 1910, Bharati was arrested by the British for his anti-colonial activities. He was imprisoned for two years.
After his release from prison, Bharati continued to write and speak out against British rule. He also worked to promote Tamil culture and language.
In 1921, Bharati died at the age of 39. He is remembered as one of the most important figures in Tamil history.
His writings and speeches inspired Tamil nationalism and helped to shape the modern Tamil identity. He is considered one of the greatest Tamil literary figures of all time.
The other options are incorrect because:
- b) Organizational work: Bharati did not do any significant organizational work.
- c) Participation in armed struggle: Bharati did not participate in any armed struggle.
- d) Social reform efforts: Bharati did do some social reform efforts, but these were not his primary focus.