‘Sub-prime crisis’ is a term associated with which one of the followin

‘Sub-prime crisis’ is a term associated with which one of the following events?

Economic recession
Political instability
Structural adjustment programmes
Growing social inequality
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2019
The term ‘Sub-prime crisis’ is associated with the Economic recession of 2008-2009.
The Sub-prime crisis refers to the financial crisis that began in the United States in 2007 with a high default rate on subprime mortgages (loans given to borrowers with poor credit history). The packaging and selling of these mortgages as complex financial instruments spread the risk throughout the global financial system, leading to the collapse of major financial institutions and triggering a severe global economic recession in 2008 and 2009.
The crisis severely impacted economies worldwide through interconnected financial markets, reduced international trade, and decreased consumer confidence. While structural adjustment programmes relate to economic policies, and social inequality exists, the ‘sub-prime crisis’ is directly and specifically linked to the financial sector collapse that caused the major economic recession. Political instability can be a consequence, but the crisis itself is fundamentally an economic event.