The correct answer is: Only I and II follow.
The statement says that there has been an unprecedented increase in the use of malpractices by students during various examinations held in the country this year. This is a serious problem that needs to be addressed. The first course of action, “All concerned authorities conducting these examinations should immediately take effective measures to curb this menace,” is a logical and necessary step. The authorities need to take strong measures to prevent students from cheating. This could include things like increasing the number of invigilators, using CCTV cameras, and conducting surprise checks.
The second course of action, “All those students who are detected to have used unfair means should be debarred from appearing in any of these examinations for the next three years,” is also a logical and necessary step. Students who cheat need to be punished in order to deter others from doing the same. Debarring them from appearing in examinations for a period of time will send a strong message that cheating will not be tolerated.
The third course of action, “Using unfair means should immediately be made cognizable offence by passing necessary legislations,” is not a necessary step. While it is important to punish students who cheat, it is not necessary to make cheating a cognizable offence. A cognizable offence is one that can be investigated by the police without a warrant. Making cheating a cognizable offence would only add to the burden on the police and the courts.
In conclusion, only the first and second courses of action follow from the statement. The third course of action is not a necessary step.