Statement I: The absolute value of the difference between an unbiased estimate and the corresponding population parameter is called sampling error. Statement II: Multi-stage sampling is a restricted non-probability based sampling technique.

The correct answer is: C. Statement I is correct, while Statement II is incorrect.

Statement I is correct. Sampling error is the difference between the sample estimate and the population parameter. It is due to chance and can never be eliminated completely. However, it can be reduced by increasing the sample size.

Statement II is incorrect. Multi-stage sampling is a probability-based sampling technique. It involves selecting units from a population in stages. In the first stage, a sample of clusters is selected. In the second stage, a sample of units is selected from each cluster. This process is repeated until the desired sample size is reached.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Both statements are correct. This is not correct because Statement II is incorrect.
• Both statements are incorrect. This is not correct because Statement I is correct.
• Statement I is correct, while Statement II is incorrect. This is the correct answer because Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect.
• Statement I is incorrect, while Statement II is correct. This is not correct because Statement I is correct and Statement II is incorrect.