Statement-I: Colour of nitrogen dioxide changes to colourless at low t

Statement-I: Colour of nitrogen dioxide changes to colourless at low temperature.
Statement-II: At low temperature Nitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄) is formed which is colourless.

Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2015
Both Statement I and Statement II are individually true, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.
Statement I is true; the reddish-brown colour of nitrogen dioxide gas disappears at low temperatures. Statement II is also true; at low temperatures, nitrogen dioxide dimerizes to form colourless nitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄).
Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is an equilibrium mixture with its dimer, dinitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄):
2NO₂(g) (reddish-brown) ⇌ N₂O₄(g) (colourless)
This dimerization reaction is exothermic (ΔH < 0). According to Le Chatelier's principle, decreasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium towards the exothermic reaction, favoring the formation of N₂O₄. As the temperature decreases, more NO₂ dimerizes into colourless N₂O₄, causing the colour of the gas mixture to fade to colourless. Statement II correctly identifies the formation of colourless N₂O₄ as the reason for the colour change.