Soil chemistry is considered an __________ factor

The correct answer is D. edaphic.

Soil chemistry is the study of the chemical composition of soil and its interactions with living organisms. It is a major factor in determining the fertility of soil and the growth of plants. Soil chemistry is also important in the cycling of nutrients and the prevention of soil degradation.

The other options are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the chemical composition of soil.

• Topographic factors are those that relate to the physical features of the land, such as its elevation, slope, and aspect.
• Economic factors are those that relate to the cost of producing crops or livestock.
• Biological factors are those that relate to the living organisms in the soil, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms.