The correct answer is: B. capital rationing
Capital rationing is a situation in which a firm limits its expenditures on capital. This can happen for a number of reasons, such as a lack of available funds, a desire to conserve cash, or a belief that the potential returns on investment are not high enough to justify the risk.
Optimal rationing is a situation in which a firm limits its expenditures on capital in order to maximize its profits. This can be done by using a variety of techniques, such as capital budgeting, project evaluation, and risk analysis.
Marginal rationing is a situation in which a firm limits its expenditures on capital to the point where the marginal return on investment is equal to the marginal cost of capital. This is a more conservative approach than optimal rationing, and it is often used by firms that are risk-averse.
Transaction rationing is a situation in which a firm limits its expenditures on capital because it is unable to obtain the necessary financing. This can happen for a number of reasons, such as a lack of available credit, high interest rates, or unfavorable terms and conditions.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.