The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Sikkim’s tourism industry has been growing rapidly in recent years, with the number of visitors increasing from 1.5 million in 2010 to 3.5 million in 2019. This growth has brought economic benefits to the state, but it has also led to a number of challenges, including overcrowding and pollution, strain on infrastructure, and cultural commodification.
Overcrowding and pollution are two of the most visible impacts of tourism in Sikkim. The state’s popular tourist destinations, such as Gangtok and Nathula Pass, are often overcrowded, leading to traffic congestion, noise pollution, and air pollution. In addition, the construction of new hotels and other tourist infrastructure has led to the clearing of forests and the loss of biodiversity.
Strain on infrastructure is another major challenge facing Sikkim’s tourism industry. The state’s roads, water supply, and sewage systems are not able to cope with the influx of tourists, leading to problems such as traffic jams, water shortages, and sewage overflows. In addition, the state’s hospitals and clinics are often overwhelmed with patients who have been injured or become ill while traveling.
Cultural commodification is another concern that has been raised about Sikkim’s tourism industry. As the number of tourists has increased, so has the demand for traditional Sikkimese arts and crafts, such as hand-woven textiles and woodcarvings. This has led to some people becoming concerned that Sikkimese culture is being exploited for commercial gain.
In conclusion, Sikkim’s tourism industry has brought economic benefits to the state, but it has also led to a number of challenges, including overcrowding and pollution, strain on infrastructure, and cultural commodification. These challenges need to be addressed in order to ensure that the tourism industry continues to be sustainable in the long term.